Utility Scale PV Plant Optimization

Forrest Collins juwi solar Inc. November 30th, 2010

Overview
Background on juwi Organization PV Plant Optimization Cast Study I: Jacksonville Solar

PV Plant Optimization Case Study II: Blue Wing Solar

November 30th 2010

Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US

juwi Organization
juwi Holding AG (parent of juwi solar GmbH)
Based in: 2009 Revenue Founded/CEOs: Wrrstadt, Germany $900 million Private company founded in 1996 by Fred Jung (ju) and Matthias Willenbacher (wi)

Employees:
Business Units:

>1000
Wind (>600 MW) Solar Photovoltaic (>500MW) Biogas (2MW) Geothermal Energy Efficiency Electric Mobility

juwi solar GmbH

Based in: Founded: Services: Employees:
November 30th 2010

Wrrstadt, Germany 2000 PV System Development, EPC, Financing, and O&M >500
Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US 3

juwi solar International

Strong international presence with subsidiaries in 11 countries and more than 500 MW of PV installed worldwide

juwi solar GmbH

Wrrstadt, Germany

Poland Czech Republic Bulgaria

UK North America France Spain Italy

Greece

India

November 30th 2010

Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US

Utility-Scale Project Experience

Project Lieberose Solar Park
Waldpolenz Solar Park Blue Wing Solar

Capacity 53.0 MW
40.0 MW 16.0 MW

Years in Operation 1 year

2 years 1 month

Location
Brandenburg, Germany Saxony, Germany Texas, USA Florida, USA Saxony, Germany Ohio, USA Bavaria, Germany West Pomerania, Germany Saxony, Germany New Jersey, USA
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Jacksonville Solar
Kothen Solar Park Wyandot Solar

15.0 MW
14.8 MW 12.0 MW

2 months
3 years 6 months

Schwaben Solar Park

Tutow Solar Park Rote Jahne Solar Park Mars Solar
November 30th 2010

12.0 MW
6.8 MW 6.0 MW 2.2 MW

4 years
1.5 Years 5 years 1.25 years

Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US

juwi solar Inc.

juwi solar Inc., based in Boulder, Colorado and majority-owned by juwi Holding AG, serves the North American utility solar market. juwi solar Inc. Core Competencies Equipment Supply Modules Inverters Racking Transformers/Switchgear Wiring/Electrical

Project Development & Acquisition

Turn Key Installation (Engineering, Procurement & Construction) Strategic Partnerships Off-take/Sale Agreements Equity & Debt Financing Commercial Operations & Maintenance

Target Customers/Off-takers
Investor-Owned Utilities Municipalities Cooperatives Industrials/Commercial

November 30th 2010

Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US

juwi solar Inc. A Leader in Utility Scale Solar

JSI has Developed, Financed, Constructed, and Operates Three of the Top Ten Largest PV Projects in Operation in the U.S.

Wyandot Solar AEP Ohio 12MW DC Free field project Project between JSI, AEP and PSEG Completed May 2010

Jacksonville Solar JEA Florida 15MW DC Free field project Project between JSI, JEA and PSEG Completed Sep 2010

Blue-Wing Solar CPS Energy Texas 16MW DC Free field project Project between JSI, CPS and DEGS Completed Nov 2010
November 30th 2010

Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US

Case Study I: Jacksonville Solar

Jacksonville Solar
Location: 17 miles west of Jacksonville, FL Latitude: 30.3o north

November 30th 2010

Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US

Case Study I: Plant Layout

Site Overview
Flat, previously grazed land Total Acreage: 91 Acres Non-square shape Wetlands

Site Boundary

Wetlands

November 30th 2010

Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US

Case Study I: Plant Design Challenges

Avoid wetlands
Using the wetlands would introduce additional permitting time and risk Cannot remove wetland trees Need to avoid shading from wetlands trees

Non-standard building block

MW-In-A-Box would not work Standardize as much as possible

Maximize system size and generation

November 30th 2010

Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US

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Case Study I Plant Summary

Jacksonville Solar Plant Summary
15.0 MW DC 200,000 First Solar modules First 1000 VDC System in Florida Non-standard building block Fixed arrays with a 20 degree tilt Due south orientation 8 feet row to row spacing Avoided wetlands and minimized shading

November 30th 2010

Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US

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Case Study II: Blue Wing Solar

Blue Wing Solar
Location: San Antonio, TX Latitude: 31.1o north

November 30th 2010

Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US

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Case Study II: Plant Layout

Site Overview
Undulating land, previously farmed Total Acreage: 115 Acres Non-square shape Plot oriented 25 west of south

Low swell with existing trees

Wetlands

Site Boundary

November 30th 2010

Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US

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Case Study II: Plant Design Challenges

Site oriented 25 degrees west of south
Difficult to optimize capacity and layout at due south Standard design practices suggest orienting west of south will reduce generation

November 30th 2010

Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US

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Case Study II: Plant Design Challenges

4.9% more global horizontal irradiance after solar noon compared to before solar noon.
Clouds/haze typical before noon but burns off by noon in San Antonio

Optimal orientation for San Antonio is 10 degrees west of south Orienting the arrays 25 degrees west of south results in only a 0.4% reduction in generation compared to due south (~2.0% is typical)
Percent Decrease in Generation as a Function of Azimuth
Percent of Due South Generation
San Antonio Typical

101.0%

100.5%
100.0%

99.5%
99.0%

98.5%
98.0%

10

15

20

25

30

Azimuth Angle (degrees west of south)

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November 30th 2010

Case Study II: Plant Summary

Blue Wing Solar Plant Summary
16.1 MW DC 215,000 First Solar modules First 1000 VDC System in Texas Used 2 standard building blocks Fixed arrays with a 20 degree tilt 25 degree west of south azimuth 8.5 feet row to row spacing

November 30th 2010

Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US

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Summary
For many sites a standard MW-In-A-Box design is not the optimal solution The optimal solution may be a combination of standard and non-standard building blocks Best practices should include optimizing site layouts to accommodate existing site conditions and constraints It is often necessary to perform detailed parametric analysis to optimize land use and generation while reducing balance of system costs

November 30th 2010

Utility Scale PV Yield Optimization Conference and Expo US

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