"In other words, though I know that the totality is here I always will wonder as to the original order of
this very useful handbook.
"Another interesting thing of note is chapter 32. Most translations read as "Weapons of war are things
of evil". Before doing this translation this always struck me as absurd, weapons are things. It's people
who do evil.
When I looked at the Chinese it translated directly as "Soldier man bad omen this". This is so much
more sensible, in an agrarian society when you see soldiers around it's bad news. You know they are
going to take your food and if there's fighting you'd better get out fast.
"In chapter 42 I added the comments about e=mc2 since the small percentage of energy that was
converted to matter in the "Big Bang" is fundamental to the structure of the universe."
1
Tao (The Laws of the Universe) can be talked about, but not the Eternal Tao (Laws of the Universe).
Names can be named, but not the Eternal Name.
(You cannot name the unknown.)
As the origin of heaven-and-earth, it is not describable:
As "the Mother" of all things, it is describable.
(You cannot describe the unknown origin.)
As it is always hidden,
We should look at its Inner Sum and Substance (through philosophy and poetry):
As always visible,
We should look at its Outer Form (through science and obsevation).
These two flow from the same source (the Laws of the Universe), though differently named;
And both are called mysteries.
The Mystery of mysteries is the Gate of all sum and substance.
(Beyond the gate of experience is the Way.
It is in all ways greater and more subtle than the world.)
2
When all the world recognizes beauty as beauty, this in itself is ugliness, (for it lacks a seeing of the
Truth.)
(When all of humankind abstracts beauty there is no beauty).
When all the world recognizes good as good, this in itself is destruction., (for it lacks a seeing of the
Truth.)
(What is good in one circumstance is bad in another).
Indeed, the hidden and the visible give birth to each other.
Hard and easy balance each other.
Long and short give measure to each other.
High and low set measure to each other.
Voice and sound give wholeness each other.
Back and front follow each other.
Therefore, the Complete Thinker experiences without abstraction and accomplishes without visible
action;
Yet spreads their teaching by actions.
Accepting the ebb and flow of the many living things.
Raises them, but makes no claim of them.
Does his work, but does not brag about it.
Finishing tasks, and moves on.
And yet it is just because of moving on.
That nobody can take works away.
3
By not making great the worthy you will cause the people to stop from having enemies and fighting.
(When everyone is equal, each is rewarded fairly.)
By not giving value to goods hard to get, you will cause the people to stop from robbing and stealing.
(When material goods have no value there is no temptation to steal.)
By not showing what people would like to have, you will cause the people's hearts to remain
undisturbed.
(When people are not tempted to own things they do not desire things.)
Therefore, the Complete Thinker's way of governing begins by
Emptying the heart of wants,
Filling the belly with food,
Relaxing the ambitions, (not creating a temptation),
Toughening the bones, (guiding a healthful life).
In this way will cause the people to remain without strategy and without desire, and prevent the
knowing ones from causing any trouble.
Practice doing things at the Proper Speed, and everything will be in order.
4
The Tao (the Law of the Universe) is like an empty bowl.
Which in being used can never be filled up.
So deep it cannot be measured, it is the origin of all things.
It blurs all sharp edges,
It unties all tangles,
It blends all lights,
It unites the world into one whole.
Hidden in the depths,
Yet it seems to exist for ever.
I do not know whose child it is;
It is the common ancestor of all,
the father of all things.
(It is the Universal Laws from the beginning of our Universe),
To live by these Laws is to live in harmony with our True Nature.
5
Heaven-and-Earth is not sentimental;
It treats all things like straw dogs (equal).
The Complete Thinker is not sentimental;
Treats all people as straw dogs (equally).
Between Heaven and Earth,
There seems to be a Bellows:
It is empty, yet it can not be emptied;
The more it works, the more comes out of it.
The Complete Thinker draws upon the universal experience thus cannot be exhausted.
Better look for it within you.
The Tao (the Laws of the Universe) is in all that exists.
6
The Spirit of the Valley dies not.
It is called the Secret which is Filled with womanly qualities.
The Gateway of the Secret is
Filled with womanly qualities
Is called the Womb of Heaven-and-Earth.
Staying like a fog, it has only a hint that it is there;
And yet when you use it, it is always there without end.
7
Heaven lasts long, and Earth lasts.
What is the secret of their lasting?
Is it not because they do not live for themselves
That they can live so long?
The Complete Thinker wants to remain behind,
But is found at the head of others;
Ignores his desires,
But is found content.
Is it not because of selflessness
That True Self is realized?
8
The highest form of goodness is like water.
Water knows how to benefit all things without contention.
It flows to places others disdain.
It comes near the Tao (the Laws of the Universe).
In choosing your dwelling, know how to keep the ground.
In cultivating your mind, know how to dive in the hidden depths.
In dealing with others, know how to be gentle and kind.
Speak within trust.
In governing, know how to maintain order.
In transacting business, know how to be efficient.
In making a move, know how to choose the right moment.
If you do not contend, none contend against you.
9
Fill a cup to its brim, it is easy to spill.
Do not over do the task, close it.
Temper a sword throughout to its hardest, and it is easily broken.
Fill your house with gold and jade, it can not be guarded.
(Do not tempt others for someone will give in to temptation.)
Set store by your riches and honor, you easily fall.
This is the Tao (the Laws of the Universe):
When your purpose is achieved retire.
10
In keeping the spirit and the vital soul together,
Are you able to maintain their perfect blending?
Breath gently and become newborn.
Clear your inner vision, and become clear.
In loving your people and governing your state,
Are you able to be impartial?
In opening and shutting of heaven's gate(your heart), you become accepted.
Enlightened and seeing far into all directions,
Can you at the same time remain not involved and not interfere?
Raise your people with care!
Feed your people!
Raise them without saying they are your own!
Do your work without setting any value to it!
Be one to be followed, not one who commands!
This is called Hidden Powers.
This is true harmony.
11
Thirty Spokes converge upon a single hub;
It is on the hole in the center that the use of the cart hinges.
We make a bowl or cup from a lump of clay:
It is the empty space within the vessel that makes it useful.
We make doors and windows for a room;
It is the empty spaces that make the room livable.
Thus,
Take advantage of what is visible,
By making use of What is not visible.
12
The five colors blind the eye.
The five tones deafen the ear.
The five flavors stick to the palate.
Racing and hunting make crazy the mind.
Temptations make men do wrong.
The Complete Thinker takes care of the hunger, not the senses.
Prefers the substance within not the illusion.
13
"Welcome disgrace as a pleasant surprise.
Prize misfortunes as your own body."
Why should we "welcome disgrace as a pleasant surprise"?
Because a lowly state is a boon:
Getting it is a pleasant surprise,
And so is losing it!
That is why we should "welcome disgrace as a pleasant surprise."
Why should we "prize misfortunes as our own body"?
Because our body is the very source of our misfortunes.
If we have no body, what misfortunes can we have?
Only he who is willing to give their body for the sake of the world is fit to be entrusted with the world.
Only they who can do it with love and regard themselves as the world are worthy of being the steward
of the world.
This lesson is known by all Complete Thinkers.
14
Look at it but you cannot see it!
Its name is Formless.
Listen to it but you cannot hear it!
Its name is Soundless.
Try to hold it but you cannot get it!
Its name is Incorporeal.
These three attributes are to deep to measure;
They mix together into one.
Its upper side is not bright:
Its under side is not dim.
Always the Not Namable moves on,
Until it returns beyond the world of things.
We call it the formless Form, the imageless Image.
We call it the not describable and unimaginable.
Confront it and you do not see its face!
Follow it and you do not see its back!
Yet equipped with this timeless Tao (the Laws of the Universe),
You can control present realities and deal with the past.
To know the ancient origins (the beginning of the Universe) is to know the true Tao (the Laws of the
Universe)
15
In times past the Complete Thinkers of the Tao (the Laws of the Universe) were not obvious about what
they did and could change to meet the circumstance,
Their minds, strong and widespread, were too deep to be measured.
Because their minds are unmeasurable,
One can only describe them unclearly by their appearance.
Slow to start like one crossing thin ice;
Shy as if surrounded by danger on all sides;
Careful and polite like a guest;
Unbouded like ice on the point of melting;
Genuine like an uncarved block;
Hollow like a cave;
Disordered like a muddy pool;
And yet who else could quietly and gradually change from the muddy to the clear?
Who else could slowly but steadily move from the lifeless to the living?
The who keep the Tao (the Laws of the Universe) does not want to be full.
But precisely because they are never full,
They can always remain open in thought,
They do not become rigid in thought.
16
Achieve the utmost Emptiness.
Cling single-heartedly to interior peace.
Become a part of all things,
In this way see the pattern.
Flourish they do,
Each of them will return to its root.
To return to the root is to find peace.
To find peace is to fulfill one's destiny.
To fulfill one's destiny is to be unchanging.
To know the Unchanging is called Insight.
If one does not know the Unchanging,
One runs blindly into disasters.
If one knows the Unchanging,
One can understand and embrace all.
If one understands and embraces all,
One is capable of doing justice.
To be just is to be a leader;
To be a leader is to be one with nature;
To be one with nature is to be one with the Tao (the Laws of the Universe);
To be one with the Tao (the Laws of the Universe) is to become immortal.
Such a one will be safe and whole, Even after the death of body.
The Tao does not decay.
17
The best type of leader is one of whose existence the people are barely aware.
Next comes one whom they love and praise.
Next comes one whom they fear.
Next comes one whom they despise and defy.
When you are lacking in faith,
Others will be unfaithful to you.
The Complete Thinker is quiet and uses few words.
When tasks have been accomplished and things have been completed,
All the people say, "We ourselves have achieved it!"
18
When the Great Tao (the Laws of the Universe) was abandoned,
There appeared duty and justice.
When intelligence and jokes arose,
There appeared people who said they were one way but lived the opposite.
When the family lost their compatibility,
There appeared respectful devotion and fatherly kindness.
When darkness and disorder began to control a country,
There appeared the loyal and trustworthy patriots.
19
Drop wisdom, abandon cleverness,
And the people will be benefited a hundred fold.
Drop humanity, abandon morality,
And the people will return to their natural affections.
Drop cleverness, abandon greed,
And robbers and thieves will cease to be.
These three are a pattern of Tao (the Laws of the Universe),
And are not sufficient in themselves they are only symptoms.
They should be subordinated to a Higher principle;
People need personal remedies.
See the simple True Self and embrace your original nature.
Forget you habits and desires, simplify you life.
20
Have done with rote learning,
And you will have no more frustration.
How great is the difference between agreement and being the servant?
What is the difference between "construction" and "destruction"?
Must I fear what others fear?
What difficult stupidity this! are joyous and beaming,
As though feasting upon a sacrificial ox, As though mounting the Spring Garden;
I alone am peaceful and give no sign, Like a babe which has not yet smiled.
I alone am forgotten as one who has no home to return to.
All have enough and more:
I alone appear to possess nothing.
What a not knowing person I am!
What a confused mind I have!
All are bright, bright:
I alone am dim, dim.
All are sharp, sharp:
I alone am silent, silent!
Tasteless like the ocean,
Aimless like the drifting wind.
All settle in their paths:
I alone am stubborn and remain outside.
I am most different from others
In knowing to take support from my Eternal Mother!
21
It lies in the nature of Power
To follow the Tao (the Laws of the Universe) and the Tao (the Laws of the Universe) alone.
Now what is the Tao (the Laws of the Universe)?
It is Something slippery and shifty. Shifty and slippery!
And yet It contains within Itself a Form. Shifty and slippery!
And yet It contains within Itself a Substance.
Shadowy and dim!
And yet It contains within Itself a Core of Energy (the Force of Life).
The Core of Energy (Force of Life) is very real,
It contains within Itself an unfailing Honesty.
Throughout the ages
Its Name has been preserved
In order to recall the
Beginning of all things.
(We can see and hear the background radiation that was the Big Bang the beginning of our Universe.)
How do I know the ways of all things at the Beginning?
By what is within me.
(For are we not made of recycled Star Stuff.)
22
Accept and you will be whole.
Bend and you will straighten.
Empty and you will fill.
Grow old and you will be renewed.
Have little and you will gain.
Have much and you will be confused.
The Complete Thinker embraces the One,
Becomes a Pattern to all under Heaven.
Does not make a show,
Then shines;
Does not justify self,
Then becomes known;
Does not brag of ability,
Then gets credit;
Does not show success,
Then lasts;
Does not compete with anyone,
Then no one can compete with the Complete Thinker.
Indeed, the ancient saying:
"Accept and you will remain whole" is no idle word.
Once whole,
Turn within and concentrate your Power.
The world is as your home.
23
Only simple and quiet words will ripen of themselves.
For a whirlwind does not last a whole morning.
A sudden rain does not last a whole day.
Who is their creator?
Heaven-and-Earth!
Even Heaven-and-Earth cannot make such violent things last long;
The same is true of the reckless efforts of humans.
Who helps the Tao (the Laws of the Universe) is one with the Tao (the Laws of the Universe);
Who thinks with Power is one with Power;
And who seeks the hand of loss is one with Loss.
To be one with the Tao (the Laws of the Universe) is to be a welcome addition to the Tao (the Laws of
the Universe);
To be one with Power is to be a welcome addition to Power;
To be one with Loss is to be a welcome addition to Loss.
Failure of faith on your part
Creates faithlessness on the part of others.
24
One on tip-toe cannot stand solid.
Sitting on a horse you cannot walk.
Who shows off does not shine.
Who brags has no glory.
Who boasts of ability has no merit.
Who parades success will not last.
In Tao (the Laws of the Universe) these things are called "unwanted food and extra growths,"
Are rejected by all things.
A person of the Tao (the Laws of the Universe) does not want them.
They turn away from them.
25
There was Something undefined and complete in itself,
Born before Heaven-and-Earth.
Silent and endless,
Standing alone without change,
Being within all,
It may be thought of as the Mother of the world.
I do not know its name;
I write it "Tao (the Laws of the Universe)";
Without a better word, call it "The Great."
To be great is to go on,
To go on is to go far,
To go far is to return.
Therefore,
"Tao (the Laws of the Universe) is great,
Heaven is great,
Earth is great,
The Leader is great"
Thus the Leader is one of the great four in the Universe.
Humans follows the ways of the Earth.
Earth follows the ways of Heaven,
Heaven follows the ways of Tao (the Laws of the Universe),
Tao (the Laws of the Universe) follows its own ways.
26
Heaviness is the root of lightness.
Peace of mind is the master of restlessness.
The Complete Thinker, traveling all day,
Does not leave the baggage-wagon;
There may be gorgeous sights to see,
But stays peacefully at home.
How can a leader
Have a light hearted position in the world?
To be light hearted is to be separated from one's root;
To be restless is to lose one's self-mastery.
27
Good walking leaves
no track behind it, but the walking was true;
Good speech leaves no mark to be picked at, but the speech was true;
Good calculation makes no use of counting-slips, yet the counting is true;
Good shutting makes no use of bolt and bar,
And yet nobody can undo it;
Good tying makes no use of rope and knot,
And yet nobody can untie it.
The Complete Thinker is always good at saving humans,
And nobody is abandoned;
Always good at savings things,
And nothing is wasted.
This is called "following the guidance of the Insight."
Good humans are the teachers of destructive humans,
Destructive humans depend on constructive humans.
Not to honor one's teacher,
Not to value one's dependent,
Is to be on the wrong road, however intelligent one may be.
This is call the Important Not Obvious.
28
Know the masculine,
Keep to the feminine,
And be the
Brook of the World.
To be the Brook of the World is
To move unchanging in the path of Power
Without swerving from it,
And to return again to infancy.
Know the white,
Keep to the black,
And be the Pattern of the World.
To be the Pattern of the World is
To move unchanging in the path of Power
Without making a single wrong step,
And to return again to the Infinite.
Know the glorious,
Keep to the lowly,
And be the Fountain of the World.
To be the Fountain of the World is
To live the life of Virute (Power) ,
And to return again to the First Simplicity.
When the First Simplicity splits apart,
It becomes useful tools,
Then in the hands of a Complete Thinker, make them leaders.
"a great tailor does little cutting."
29
Does anyone want to take the world and do what he wants with it?
I do not see how they can succeed.
The world is a sacred vessel, which must not be tampered with or grabbed after.
To tamper with it is to spoil it, and to grasp is to lose it.
For all things there is a time for going ahead, and a time for following behind;
A time for slow-breathing and a time for fast-breathing;
A time to grow in strength and a time to decay; time to be up and a time to be down.
The Complete Thinker avoids all extremes, excesses and luxuries.
Travels the middle path.
30
Who knows how to guide a leader in the path of Tao (the Laws of the Universe),
Does not try to conquer the world with military force.
It is in the nature of a military force to turn against its user.
(Economic Force stregthens the Society)
Wherever armies are stationed, thorny bushes grow.
After a great war, bad years always follow.
(Over spending for military might only overtaxes the people)
Protect efficiently your own state,
But not to aim at selfishness.
After you have attained your purpose,
You must not show off your success,
You must not brag of your ability,
You must not feel proud,
You must rather regret that you had not been able to prevent the war.
You must never think of taking control of others by force.
To be over-developed is to quicken decay,
And this is against Tao (the Laws of the Universe),
And what is against Tao (the Laws of the Universe) will soon end.
31
Soldiers of war predict destruction.
And are for use against Life.
A person of Tao (the Laws of the Universe) does not set his heart upon them.(A person of Tao (the
Laws of the Universe) does not build armies to fight and take control of others land.)
In ordinary life, a gentle person regards the left side (omen of the future) as the place of honor:
In war, the right side (omen of the past) is the place of honor.
As soldiers are tools of destruction, They are not properly a gentle person's tools;
On necessity will they will use them, (having them and knowing their use).
With calm control.
Even winning is no cause for rejoicing.
To rejoice over a war won is to rejoice over the slaughter of humans!
So a person who rejoices over the slaughter of humans cannot expect to do well in the world of
humans.
On happy occasions the left side (omen of the future) is preferred:
On sad occasions the right side (omen of the past).
In the army, the Lieutenant Commander stands on the left,
While the Commander-in-Chief stands on the right.
This means that war is treated as equal to a funeral service (rememberance of the past).
Because many people have been killed, it is only correct that living should be sad at the loss of them.
Hence, even in a victory is a funeral.
32
Tao (the Laws of the Universe) is always nameless.
Small as it is in its First Simplicity,
It is less than nothing in the world.
If only a leader could stick to it, Everything will give respect to them.
Heaven and Earth will be harmonized
And send down sweet dew.
Peace and order will reign among the people
Without any command from above.
When once the Primal Simplicity broke up, (at the Time of the Big Bang,)
Different names appeared.
Are there not enough names now?
Is this not the time to stop?
To know where to stop is to preserve ourselves from danger.
The Tao (the Laws of the Universe) is to the world what a great river or an ocean is to the streams and
brooks.
The Tao is manifest into a shape, but then the shape is lost.
Do not be rigid about shapes, but only about ability to change.
33
Who knows people is clever;
Who knows self has enlightenment.
Who conquers a people has force;
Who conquers self is truly strong.
Who knows when they have enough are rich,
And who follows carefully the path of Tao (the Laws of the Universe) is a person of steady purpose.
Who stays where they have found their true home lasts long,
And who dies but is not forgotten enjoys real longevity.
34
The Great Tao (the Laws of the Universe)
is universal like a flood.
How can it be turned to the right or to the left?
All creatures depend on it, and it denies nothing to anyone.
It does its work,
But it makes no claims for itself.
It clothes and feeds all,
But it does not rule them:
Thus, it may be called "the Little."
All things return to it as to their home,
But it does not rule them:
It may be called "the Great."
It is just because it does not wish to be great
That its greatness is fully realized.
The Complete Thinker would not control the world;
They are in harmony with the world.
35
Who holds to the Great Pattern will attract all things to them.
They go to them and receive no harm, in them they find peace, security and happiness.
Music and snacks can only make a passing guest pause.
The words of Tao (the Laws of the Universe) have lasting effects,
They are mild and flavorless,
We look and see nothing.
We listen and hear nothing.
But if we use it,
It is without end.
36
What is in the end to be shrunken,
Begins by being first stretched out.
What is in the end to be weakened,
Begins by being first made strong.
What is in the end to be thrown down,
Begins by being first set on high.
What is in the end to be raped,
Begins by being first given riches.
Herein is the hidden wisdom of life:
The soft and weak overcomes the hard and strong.
Just as the fish must not leave the deeps,
The words of agression should not be used.
37
Tao (the Laws of the Universe) never makes any showiness,
And yet it does everything.
If a ruler can stick to it,
All things will grow of themselves.
When they have grown and tend to make an excitement,
It is time to keep them in their place by the aid of the nameless First Simplicity.
Which alone can control the desires of people.
When the desires of people are limited, there will be peace,
And the world will settle down of its own agreement.
38
High Virtue (Power) is completely virtuous (powerful) without chasing after virtue (power);
Therefore it has Virtue (Power).
Low Virtue (Power) is always chasing after virtue (power) and never frees itself from the chase;
Therefore it is without Virtue (Power).
High Virtue (Power) is without problems and is without private goals to serve:
Low Virtue (Power) not only makes problems but has private goals to serve.
High humanity makes problems but is without private goals to serve:
High morality not only makes problems but has private goals to serve.
High ceremony makes problems but is without response;
Then it raises its arms to show itself.
Losing Tao (the Laws of the Universe), man uses Virtue (Power).
Losing Virtue (Power), humans use humanity.
Losing humanity, people use morality.
Losing morality, humans use ceremony.
Ceremony is the shell of faith and loyalty;
It is the beginning of all, not understanding and mix-up.
Knowing the future, is only, the attractive without substance part, of the Tao (the Laws of the
Universe),
And the beginning of foolishness.
The full-grown human
Can enter the substance rather than the shell;
Can enter totality rather than the promise;
They prefer what is within instead of appearance.
39
There are many things that have achieved Oneness.
The sky achieved Oneness and became clear;
The earth achieved Oneness and became calm;
The spirits achieved Oneness and became charged with powers;
The fountains achieved Oneness and became full;
All of the plants and animals achieved Oneness and became reproductive;
Leaders achieved Oneness and became the greatest rulers of the world.
All of them are what they are by virtue (the power) of Oneness.
If the sky were not clear, it would be likely to fall to pieces;
If the earth were not calm, it would be likely to burst into bits;
If the spirits were not charged with powers, they would be likely to cease from being;
If the fountains were not full, they would be likely to dry up;
If all the plants and animals were not reproductive, they would be likely to cease to exist;
If the leaders were not the greatest rulers, they would be likely to stumble and fall.
Truly, humility is the root from which greatness springs,
The High must be built upon the foundation of the low.
That is why leaders describe themselves "The Helpless One," "The Little One," and "The Worthless
One."
To gain the peoples support.
They realize their dependence upon the lowly.
Get honor by not being honored.
It is not wise to shine like jade and sound like stone-chimes.
(The true leader has substance rather just appearance.)
40
The movement of the Tao (the Laws of the Universe) consists of Returning.
(In science, for every physical action there is a physical reaction. It is the same in social order.)
The use of the Tao (the Laws of the Universe) consists of perception.
(Understand the root cause and you will understand the process.)
All things under heaven are born of the Visible;
The Visible is born of the Invisible.
(The principals that we do not directly perceive create what we see.
Chaos has a pattern if only we use our intuition.)
41
When a wise scholar hears the Tao (the Laws of the Universe),
They practice it without fail.
When a average scholar hears the Tao (the Laws of the Universe),
They move between belief and unbelief.
When a worthless scholar hears the Tao (the Laws of the Universe),
They laugh loudly at it.
If such a one does not laugh at it,
The Tao (the Laws of the Universe) would not be the Tao (the Laws of the
Universe)!
To the untrained observer;
Who understands the Tao, seems foolish;
Who progresses in the Tao, seems to fail;
Who follows the Tao, seems to wander.
The wise people of old have truly said:
The bright Way looks dim.
The forward Way looks backward.
The smooth Way looks rough.
High Virtue (Power) looks low like a bottomless pit.
Great clearness looks spotted.
Unending Virtue (Power) looks like it is not enough.
Proved Virtue (Power) looks pitiful.
Solid Virtue (Power) looks as though melted.
Greatest space has no corners.
Great talents are slowly mastered.
Great music has the rarest sound.
Great Form is shapeless.
The Tao (the Laws of the Universe) is hidden and nameless;
It alone knows how to give help and to make whole.
42
Tao (the Laws of the Universe) gave birth to One, (The Unified Field)
One gave birth to Two, (Energy and Matter, E=MC2)
Two gave birth to Three, (Gravity, Nuclear and Electro-Magnetic Forces)
Three gave birth to all things.
All the things carry the Yin (physical(matter)) on their backs and hold the Yang (spiritual(energy)) to
their chest,
Getting their vital balance from the proper blending of the two vital Breaths.
(Physical(matter) and Spiritual(energy))
What is more hated by men than to be "helpless(in need of help)," "little(no desire to be superior)," and
"worthless (no desire to be rich)"?
These are the very names the true leaders call themselves.
You can gain by losing (putting ourselves in a position to gain),
And you can lose by gaining (receiving our hearts desire and feeling lost).
What others have taught I repeat:
"A person who lives for destruction will attract destruction to themself."
(Destruction attracts destruction.
Construction attracts construction.
Weakness attracts destruction.
Virtue (power) attracts construction.)
I will make this chapter my most important teaching.
43
The softest of all things
Wears down the hardest of all things.
Only No thing can enter into no-space.
I know the advantages of doing everything at its own speed.
Few things under heaven teach as much as the lessons of Silence,
Or are as helpful as the fruits of proper timing.
44
Your name and your body, which is more valuable?
Your body and your wealth, which is more prized?
Gain and loss, which is more painful?
Too much love for anything will cost you a lot in the end.
The storing up of too much worldly goods will mean a big loss.
Know when you have enough and be immune from disgrace.
Know when to stop and be protected from dangers.
Only this way can you last long.
45
The greatest perfection is never completed,
So its use never runs out.
The greatest fullness has always room for more,
So its use goes on forever.
The greatest straightness is curved.
The greatest skill is looks effortless.
The greatest speaking is slow.
Moving around overcomes cold,
Calm overcomes heat.
The peaceful and calm
Is the Normal of the World.
46
When the world is in possession of the Tao (the Laws of the Universe),
The galloping horses are led to fertilize the fields with their droppings.
(People create goods for exchange and contend with each other in sport.)
When the world has become Taoless (without the Laws of the Universe),
War horses breed themselves in the suburbs.
(People create tools of destruction and contend with each other over the ownership of countries.)
There is no disaster like not knowing what is enough.
There is no evil like greed.
They who know what is enough will always have enough.
47
Without going out of your door,
You can know the ways of the world.
Without looking through your window,
You can see the Tao (the Laws of the Universe).
You can travel far,
And know very little.
The Complete Thinker knows without traveling,
Sees without looking,
And achieves without Effort.
(Because they understand the Laws of the Universe and the Power of their application.)
48
Rote Learning involves daily getting more;
The practice of Tao (the Laws of the Universe) involves dailygetting rid of.
Keep ongetting rid of and getting rid of,
Until you reach the state of Effortlessness.
Effortlessness and nothing is left undone.
To win the world, give up all.
If you still have private goals,
You will never win the world.
49
The Complete Thinker has no interests of their own,
But takes the interests of the people as their own.
They are kind to the kind;
They are also kind to the not kind:
Kindness is Power.
They are faithful to the faithful
They are also faithful to the not faithful:
Faithfulness is Power.
In the middle of the world, the Complete Thinker is shy and does not brag.
For the world they keep their heart in its largest state.
All the people try to listen and see:
The Complete Thinker acts without prejudice.
50
When one is out of Life, one is in Death.
The partners of Life are thirteen; the partners of Death are thirteen;
When a living person moves into the Realm of Death, his partners are also thirteen.
How is this?
Because they draws upon the property of Life too heavily.
They who knows well how to live meets no tigers or wild buffaloes on their road, comes out from the
battle-ground not touched by the soldiers of war.
For, in them, a buffalo would find no target for his horns, a tiger nothing to put his claws upon, and a
soldier of war no place for its tool to enter.
How is this?
Because there is no room for Death in them.
51
Tao (the Laws of the Universe) gives them life,
Virtue (Power) nurses them,
Matter shapes them,
Environment completes them.
All things worship Tao (the Laws of the Universe) and pray to Virtue (Power).
They have not been commanded to worship Tao (the Laws of the Universe) and pray to Virtue (Power),
But they always do so automatically.
It is Tao (the Laws of the Universe) that gives them life:
Its Virtue (Power) that nurses them, grows them, raises them, shelters them, comforts them, feeds them
and covers them under her wings.
To give life but to demand nothing,
To do your work but to set no importance to it,
To be a leader, not a rule maker,
This is called Hidden Virtue (Power).
52
All-under Heaven have a common Beginning
This Beginning is the Mother of the world.
Having known the Mother,
We may proceed to know her children.
Having known the children,
We should go back and hold on to the Mother
In so doing, you will take no risk
Even though your body be destroyed.
Block all the passage ways!
Shut all the doors!
And to the end of your days you will not be worn out.
Open the passages!
Multiply your activities!
And to the end of your days you will remain helpless.
To see the small is to have insight.
To hold on to flexibility is to be strong.
If, in using your factual intelligence
You return to your insight.
You will not bring destruction upon yourself.
This is the way of learning the Changeless.
53
If I had the smallest seed of wisdom,
I would walk the Great Way,
And my only fear would be to lose my way from it.
The Great Way is very smooth and straight;
And yet the people like better the complicated paths.
The courtyard is very clean and well decorated,
(Their cities appear powerful.)
But the fields are very weedy and wild,
And the grain silo's are very empty!
(But they have lost the skill to feed themselves.)
They wear beautiful clothes,
(They value appearances over substance.)
They carry destructive weapons,
(They use the tools of destruction to get their needs.)
They over fill themselves with food and drink,
(They indulge themselves in the fruits of the conquered.)
They own more riches than they can use!
(They are greedy.)
They are the messengers of lawlessness!
As for Tao (the Laws of the Universe), what do they know about it?
54
What is well planted cannot be uprooted.
What is well accepted cannot slip away.
Your descendants will pray for you for ages without end.
Feed Virtue (Power) in your own person,
And it becomes a real part of you.
Feed Power in the family,
And it will stay.
Feed Power in the community,
And it will live and grow.
Feed Power in the state,
And it will be generously successful.
Feed Power in the World,
And it will become total.
A person must be judged as a person;
A family must be judged as family;
A community must be judged as a community;
A state must be judged as a state;
The world must be judged as a world.
How do I know about the world?
By what is within me.
55
One who is high in Virtue (Power) is like the new-born babe.
Wasps and poisonous snakes don't sting,
Murderous beasts do not seize,
Birds who hunt do not beat,
Its bones are flexible, its muscles relaxed,
Its grip is strong.
It does not know the sex,