A. General: The instrument can be operated in any position ffects or vibration. B.

Test Current: Table 1 indicates the test current through the each setting of the MULTIPLER dial as well as continuous current rating. The test current is external 1 - 1/2 volt battery.

and is relatively free from the e unknown resistance and bridge for the maximum based on using the battery or an

Note: if the external battery voltage exceeds two volts or if it is desired to r educe the test current to a value less than that stated in column 3, it will be necessary to connect a current limiting rheostat and ammeter in se ries with the external battery to adjust the bridge current to the desired value . C. Meter Zero Adjument: 1. Rotate the MULTIPLER switch to the OFF position and adjust the meter to the m echanical "0" of its scale, if required, by rotating the slotted head screw on t he meter cover. 2. Rotate the MULTIPLER switch to the .001, .01, or .1 position (for maximum res olution), the SENS control to the extreme clockwise position (maximum sensitivit y), then rotate the ZERO control until the meter pointer indicates "0". NOTE: When the pointer cannot be adjusted to "0" or the detector sensitivity is significantly less than that state in Selection C-E remplace the amplifier batte ries. D. Battery Check: Check the state of charge on the measuring circuit battery prior to making measu rements. Proceed as follows: 1. Adjust the meter to the mechanical "0" of its scale, if riquiered, as describ ed in Section E-C. 2. Rotate the MULTIPLIER Switch to the BAT. CHK position. 3. Depress the BAT. key and note the meter deflection. A new battery (nominal 1. 5 volts) will cause the meter pointer to deflect to the right at least full scal e. if the meter pointer deflects in the section marked by the green line, the battery has sufficient charge, wheareas, if the deflection is below the gree n line (equivalent to 14 divisions or 1.05 volts) the measuring circuit battery should be replaced as this is the approximate service life end point. NOTE: The SENS and ZERO controls as well as the DET key are not in the circuit w hen in the BAT. CHK position. E. Measuring a Resistance: To measure a resistance, proceed as follows: 1. Connect the Unknown Resistance (x) to the Kelvin Bridge as described in Secti on D-B. 2. If an external battery or null detector is to be used, connect as described i n Section D-B. 3. Set the BAT. lever switch to the INT (internal) position. if an external batt ery is to be used set this switch to the EXT. (external) position. 4. Adjust the meter to "0" of this scale as described in Section E-C. 5. Rotate the MULTIPLIER dial to the desired resitance range. If the approximate value o0f X resistance is unknown select the 1000 multiplier setting. NOTE: this dial is marked so that each multiplier value is also equivalent to th e maximum resistance range with the measuring dials at their maximum setting (ex cluding the 10% ever range) 6. Rotate the measuring dials to the maximum resitance setting (1.1111 ohms). NOTE: the tenth switch position is represented by the Roman Numeral X, this nume ral is used in preference to the number 10 window consider the setting of that d ial to be 0 and add 1 to the preceding digit. 7. Depress the BAT. key, then the DET key and note the meter deflection. if th e deflection is to the right, the bridge dial settings are too high; if to the l

eft, too low. 8. Increase or decrease the setting of the multiplier dial as dictated by Step 7 , one step at a time, until the meter deflection reverses, then set the multipli er dial to the higher value position where reversal occurs. 9. Adjust the bridge measuring dials for null meter deflection, starting with th e highest value dial. 10. Lock down the DET key and re-adjust the last measuring dial if necessary, fo r null meter deflection while depressing and releasing the BAT. key. NOTE: a. For precise resistance measurements, with minimum thermal emf errors, it is r ecommended the meter be adjusted to "0" of it is scale when connected directly a croos the bridge circuit under measurement conditions, approximate bridge balanc e, full detector sensitivity, with the DET key depressed, and with the BAT. key in the open position. b. Some users may find it covenient to reduce detector sensitivity during prelim inary balancing until operating experience is acquired. After balance is achieve d, adjust the SENS control to obtain optimum detector sensitivity or to calibrat e the meter deflection in terms of ohms deviation from nomina. clockwise fotatio n or the SENS control increases sensitivity; counterclockwise rotation decreases sensitivity. c. if excessive noise is encountered in the null detector due to electrostatic p ick-up, connect the bridge to a good earth ground. d. If the unknown resistance is inductive, is may be necessary to depress the BA T, key for a short time before depressing the DET key. This procedure will permi t stabilization of the current, facilitating bridge balancing, and will avoid an inductive "kick" in the meter. In releasing the keys, always release the DET ke y first. e. When an external delector is connected to the bridge it is in parallel with t he internal detector. Normally, no interaction will occur, however, if it does, it can be eliminated by removing the two batteries of the internal detector. 11. Read the value of measured resistance in ohms, by taking the sum of the meas uring dial switches and then multiplying by the setting of the multiplier dial. NOTE: If the measuring dial reading is less that 0.1111 ohm, excluding the lowes t resistance range, the resistance can be measured with higher accuracy by using the next lower multiplier setting. F. Use of bridge for 2-Terminal Resistance Measurements: The bridge may be used for 2-terminal resitance measurements when the value of t he unknown resistance is above 20 ohms, since the contact resistance at the X bi nding posts will have a relatively insignificant effect upon the measurement acc uracy. Short circuit the C1 - P1 binding post and also C2 - P2 binding posts with a hea vy copper wire or strap then proceed to balance the bridge as described in Secti on E-E. NOTE: 1. The unknown 2-terminal resistance measurement is between the P1 an P2 bindin g post. 2. Do not use the potential leads supplied with the bridge. 3. The decrease in bridge accuracy should no exceed 0.01%. MAINTENANCE A. General: With normal use the only maintenance required will be replacement of the batteri es and an occasional cleaning of the push keys after long periods of disuse. Ins truments having only periodic use should have their measuring dials rotate sever al times over their full travel previous to making a measurement. B. Removal of Bridge from Case 1. Remove the six panel screws. 2. carefully lift the instrument from the case then disconnect the three-lead ca

ble at the batteries, if necessary. 3. Replace the bridge in the cade by reversing the procedure described above. C. Battery Replacement: Replace the measuring circuit battery whwn the meter pointer deflection is below the green line (less than 14 divisions) when cheking the battery as described i n Section E-D. Replace the null detector batteries when the meter pointer cannot be adjusted to "0" as described in Section E-C. The battery compartment for the measuring circ uit is in the bottom of the instrument. Remove the panel assembly from the cade as described above in "B". The battery requirements and their connections are as follows: 1. Measuring Circuit: Two 1-1/2 volt, #6 dry Cells (NEDA 906) connected in paral lel. Red lead connection to positive (+) terminal of either battery. red jumper led from positive (+) terminal of one battery to positive (+) terminal of second battery. White/Black lead connection to negative (-) terminal of one battery. r emaining White/Black lead connection to negative (-) terminal of second battery. Refer to figure 3. 2. Null Detector: Two 9V Carbon Zinc batteries, Burgess 2V6 Eveready 216 (NEDA 1 604). NOTE: Incorrect installation of the null detector batteries,defective batteries, or failure to make contact with the battery holders will cause the meter pointe r to move when the ZERO control is rotated with the Multiplier Selector Switch set at any or the seven multiplier positions. D. Push Keys: Failure or the push keys to make contact will be indicated by the failure or the meter pointer to move when the ZERO control is rotated with the Multiplier Sele ctor Switch set at any of the seven multiplier positions. key contacts may be cleaned by inserting a thin strip of bond paper or business card between the contacts and applying pressure to the contacts by depressing or releasing the key button as required while withdrawing the paper. Repeat three or four times, or as necessary. E. Amplifier Assembly. No maintenance or the amplifier assembly is required under normal use, due to it s solid-state construction, other than battery replacement which is described in Selection F-C. After serveral years, however, it mau be necessary to re-adjust the amplifier zero balance circuit to compensate for long term drift voltages be yond the range of the ZERO control. If the meter cannot be adjusted to "0" of it s scale as described in Section E-C proceed as follows: 1. Remove the Bridge from the case as described in Section F-B. 2. Short circuit the P1 - P2 biding posts with a piece of copper wire. 3. Rotate the Multiplier dial to the X0.1 position. 4. Rotate the first Measuring dial to the X position. 5. Rotate the SENS control to the extreme clockwise position (maximum sensitivit y). 6. Set the ZERO control to its approximate mechanical center position and adjust amplifier trimmer R12 to bring the meter pointer to "0". 7. depress the DET key and observe any change in the meter pointer deflection. I f the change exceed 1/4 division adjust amplifier trimmer R11 to bring the point er to "0". NOTE: The R11 and R12 adjusting screws are accessible through openings in the am plifier shield box. There is some interaction between the adjustments of the R12 and R11 trimmers; t herefore, after making any changes in the setting of R11 always reset the meter pointer to exact "0" using the ZERO control, with the DET key released. 8. Repeat Step 7 until the meter pointer change is less than 174 division. On rare occasions gross long-term drift may occur which cannot be corrected by t he above procedure because the range or R12 is not great enough. In such cases the total resistance of R5, R6 must be modified to make the correction possible. if the meter pointer remains to the right side of "0" when R12 is completely co unter-clockwise, the total resistance of R5, R6 must be reduce. If the meter poi

nter remains to the left side of "0" when R12 is completely changes of resistanc e should be made in increments of 50k ohms. (50k oms is equal to 1/2 ot the span of trimmer R12). After correcting the total of R5, R6 so that R12 is effective, repeat the above adjusment procedure. NOTE: Locations of resistors R5 and R6 are marked on the reverse side of the PC board. Use metal film resistors when replacing R5 or R6. Remove the 2 screws which hold the amplifier assembly in place to gain access t o the PC board is seated on the two bent up edges of the shield base and all acc ess wires are brought out at the corners of the assembly. Also make sure the tri mmers and access holes face the top the panel. F. Meter Replacement. Meter failure usually occurs by suspension breakage due to a severe shock. It i s indicated by the failure or the meter pointer to deflect when an unbalance is known to exist. To detect, rotate the Multiplier Switch to the OFF position, the n impart a slight rotational motion to the instrument in a plane parallel to the panel. If the suspension is broken, the pointer will not swing. To replace the meter proceed as follows: 1. Remove the bridge from the case as described in Section F-B. 2. Remove the two screws which hold the amplifier assembly in place then careful ly roll back the assembly away from the meter. 3. Remove the two nuts which hold the amplifier base bracket in place then caref ully remove the bracket, wire an washers. 4. Remove the four nuts which hol the meter in place, then lift the meter out of the panel. 5. Remove the piece of wire (short) from the terminals of the new meter an insta ll the meter and amplifier assembly by reversing the procedure described above. NOTE: a. Install the insulated washer and sleeve on the positive (+) meter terminal wi th the amplifier base bracket sandwiched between the meter housing and insulated washer, then mount the lug of the white/gray wire on top of the insulated washe r. Install the metal washer on the minus (-) meter terminal. b. The amplifier base bracket must make electrical contact with the negative (-) meter terminal and must be insulated from the positive (+) meter terminal. teha amplifier printed circuit card must also make electrical contact with the base bracket. 6. Replace the bridge in the case by reversing procedure described in Section FB. G. Measuring Circuit: Calibration and repair of the measuring circuit should only be attempted in the laboratory under contolled conditions. for those operations not described above, or the replacement of parts not listed in Section G, it is recommended that the instrument be returned to the factory. H. Calibration: 1. General: The calibration check should be performed in a laboratory free from drafts and w here temperature is stable and maintained at 25C +- 2C. The Bridge should be place d in the calibration room 8 hours prior to the calibration check to allow normal ization to room temperature. If maximum accuracy and resolution is desired over the entire reistance range or the Bridge, it is recommended that the Bridge be used with an external null det ector having a sensitivity of +- 1 microvolt full scale. Check the scale of charge on the measuring circuit battery, as described in Sect ion E-D, and check the internal detector for proper zero adjustment as described in Section E-C before attempting to make any calibration checks. A complete overall accuracy check should be performed before attempting to readj ust any of the Bridge precision resistors. 2. Equipment Recommended: a. Precision Resistance Standards:

b. Kithley Null Detector, Model 155 or equivalent, sensitivity of 1uV full scale . c. shielded cable assembly (P/N 13098) for connecting Bridge to Leithley 155 Nul l Detector. 3. Overall Acuracy Check. a. Connect the C1 and C2 biding posts of the Cat. No. 72-439 Bridge to the Curre nt Terminals of the desired Resistance Standard using heavy copper straps which have a resistance of less than 500 microhms. b. Connect the P1 and P2 biding posts of the Cat. No. 72-439 Bridge to the Poten tial Terminals of the Resistance Standard using the two 5-foot long potential le ads (P/N 11966) furnished with Bridge. Obseve the connection polarity as shown i n Figure 3. c. Connect the external Null Detector, if used, to the bridge EXT DET receptacle . When using an external Detector rotate the internal detector sensetivity contr ol to its fully counterclowise position. d. Obtain a resistance reading on the Cat. No. 72-439 for each multipler range, using the appropriate standard resistor and measuring dial setting as indicated below.