NAS Basics

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 1 July 28, 2000

Agenda
Networking 101 Overview of basic networking concepts Introduction to NAS What is NAS SAN vs. NAS NAS applications Overview of MNSG Products MaxAttach NAS 3000 MaxAttach NAS 4000 Setting up a MaxAttach Overview of software 3-step installation Demonstration

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 2 July 28, 2000

Routers

Networking 101
Switches
PCs

Introduction to Ethernet networking basics; Network types, components, configurations

Se rve rs
Hubs
cols ot o Pr
Ca t-5

NICs
UT P

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 3 July 28, 2000

Network Types
LAN Local Area Network Connects users in the same building MAN Metropolitan Area Network Connects sites in and around a city Basically a WAN within a city WAN Wide Area Network Connects sites around the country
and world Typically is a low speed link (due to cost)

Building Backbone Connects LANs within a building May use optical fibre to connect
buildings (high speed links)

Campus Backbone Connects building LANs May use optical fibre to connect
buildings (high speed links)

Enterprise Network Connects many (or all) of the

networks on this page

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 4 July 28, 2000

Network Components

Client (user) system/workstation (including local OS and NOS (Network Operating System) Network Interface Card (NIC) and associated drivers. Each has a unique MAC address Cabling (typically Cat-5 UTP for data transfer rates up to 100Mbps) Servers (including networking software) for applications, fileserving, printing, etc. Connectivity devices (switches, hubs, routers, patch panels)

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 5 July 28, 2000

What is a NOS?
Network Operating System Software that makes LAN and WAN communications easy Allows users to interface to the LAN transparently Provides services such as: file, print, email, database, security, etc. The NOS determines if data is to be used locally or redirected
(through the NIC) to the network (and likewise, if resources are local or on the network) Provides client software allowing access to servers on the network

NOS examples UNIX Novell Netware Windows (NT) MacOS

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 6 July 28, 2000

LAN Types
Client/servers Clients

File server

HUB

HUB Print server

Peer-to-peer network Distributed management All workstations share their

resources with other workstations Typically small (each workstation has performance impacts due to servicing each others requests over the network)

Client/Server Network Centralized management Characteristics:

Servers are typically configured for specific needs Servers service requests from clients; clients do not service each other

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

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File Service
File Request

File services are provided by the NOS File services allow users to
access files on remote (networked) systems as if they were local

Fileservers: Contain data files & permissions

for users and groups; Provides shared storage for users Provides file mapping schemes to provide virtual files; file are made to look like the users native file system Provides file security

Copy of File Provided

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 8 July 28, 2000

A Typical Network
Routers connect networks, not devices they provide logical segmentation, connection of distant sites, and can improve management, security and performance in large networks. Provides logical segmentation Collision Domain A (Sales Dept.) HUB

WAN

LAN

WAN

Router

Switch

Traffic Segmented

Switches also connect a number of devicesbut they connect only two devices in a transaction, and isolate traffic (allowing better use of network bandwidth). Provides physical segmentation Hubs connect a number of devicesthey are essentially repeaters (all devices connected to a hub see all of the traffic). Provides physical connectivity

(Engr.Dept.) Collision Domain B HUB

To other sites & networks

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 9 July 28, 2000

Which Cables to Use

Crossover Cable Straight-Through Cable Crossover Cable HUB Crossover Cable Straight-Through Cable HUB Switch Straight-Through Cable

Two device types DTE Data Terminal Equipment PCs, Terminals, End user devices DCE Data Communications Equipment Hubs, Switches, Modems

Straight-through cables are used when connecting DCE to DTE devices Use crossover cables for connecting like devices DTE-DTE or DCE-DCE The exception: Use straight-through cables when connecting like devices through an uplink port

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 10 July 28, 2000

Building a Network
(Sales Dept.)

HUB

HUB Switch

HUB

HUB

HUB

HUB

10Mbps Ethernet 5-4-3 Rule Reduces collisions In a collision domain you can
have 5 Ethernet segments with 4 hubs between 2 stations Only 3 of these segments can have users Switches or routers restart the rule by creating a new collision domain

100Mbps Ethernet 2-1 Rule Hubs must be connected to an

internetworking device (switches or routers)

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 11 July 28, 2000

Stacked Protocols
A protocol is a set of rules that defines how computers (or other devices) communicate and exchange information.

These are common to most all networking devices

SMB, CIFS, NFS TCP/IP Ethernet

These protocols are the focus of NAS

SMB/CIFS: Windows NFS: Unix/Linux IPX/SPX: Novell AppleShare: Apple

Networking devices (NAS in particular) all use these protocols to do their jobs

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 12 July 28, 2000

Ethernet Overview
Multiple data transfer speeds 10Mbps, 100Mbps (Fast Ethernet), 1000Mbps (Gigabit Ethernet) Throughput is significantly lower than these speeds 10BaseT is the most common cabling option UTP (unshielded twisted pair) category 3 or better (typically cat 5) Hubs and NICs connect devices RJ-45 connectors are used on cables and devices If a cable is damaged, only that link is affected Typically uses wall jacks and patch panels to simplify network changes Ethernet II frames are the most common format for packaging data

Ethernet can also be referred to as the CSMA/CD protocol Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Detect There is no arbitration by a device to gain access to the bus before transmitting data All devices attempt to transmit; if a collision is detected, all devices back off for a random delay time and attempt to retransmit the frame Using switches in a network isolates traffic, and as such, reduces the number of collisions

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

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TCP/IP Overview
Transaction Control Protocol / Internet Protocol Provides a common transport that
allows different types of devices to communicate over a network to share files and applications Provides networking services

TCP/IP has several layers Network Access: Provides physical

delivery of packets Internet: Provides addressing and routing information Subnetting occurs here
A subnet is a network that is a portion of a larger network, connected by routers

Dominant communications protocol today

Host-to-Host :Provides (2) services

for the reliability and session aspects of transmission TCP: reliable data transfers with assurance that data was delivered correctly UDP: unreliable data transfers with little/no means to insure data delivery Process: Application support (telnet, smtp, http, ftp, etc.)

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 14 July 28, 2000

Other Important Networking Stuff

DHCP Server A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol A server that can assign IP addresses to client PCs or servers on a network DHCP Client A client that can be assigned an IP address by a DHCP server DNS A Domain Name Server Resolves host names to their equivalent IP addresses so that IP traffic can be
transported to the correct destination

WINS Windows Internet Name Service Resolves computer names to an IP address Workgroup A group of computers on a network that accesses the same resources Domain Typically an intranet, which may contain many workgroups

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 15 July 28, 2000

NAS

NFS

Ethernet

SMB/CIFs

Introduction to Networked Storage

What is it, how does it fit into your network and what can you do with it?

FC

N SA

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 16 July 28, 2000

What is NAS?
The fastest and most affordable path to more storage. Directly accessible by PCs, laptops, servers anything on the network. Accessible in your office, or remotely anywhere on the network. As prospective customers become aware of HDD-NAS products and their benefits, we believe demand will explode
SolomonSmithBarney NAS report, Feb, 2000

Ethernet

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 17 July 28, 2000

What is NAS?
Network Attached Storage A specialized server that provides one dominant network service in particular:
file serving Because it is not a general purpose server, it is often called an appliance Attaches to the network like clients and servers Unlike RAID arrays that attach to a server

It contains software optimized for fileserving No per-seat software licenses (like Windows NT, for example)
Many NAS devices are based on Linux or Unix derivatives Operating System and filesystem agnostic Data can be stored, retrieved or shared from heterogeneous systems (Unix and NT machines can both access the device and the same file) Is simple to setup and administer Because its a specialized device, its simpler by design and is more reliable Administration occurs through a web browser.an interface everyone is familiar with, coupled with GUIs supplied by the NAS device

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

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Appliance Market
$9,000 $8,000 $7,000

Revenue ($M)

$6,000 $5,000 $4,000 $3,000 $2,000 $1,000 $0 1999

NAS market forecasted to be over $5 Billion in 2003!

NAS Other E-mail Server Internet Caching Web Server

2000

2001

2002

2003

Source: IDC, 2000

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 19 July 28, 2000

What Can You Do With NAS?

NAS is essentially a server that does one thing: serve files So, anything you do with a fileserver, you can do with NAS Some NAS applications. Share data between different client types
Windows, UNIX, MacOS, Novell, Linux can all use the same storage solution and can share the same files Backup of client systems Using applications like Maxtors ReflectIt, laptops and desktop data is backed-up unattended Server replication Instead of sending data to tape, applications exist to move data to another server.like a MaxAttach Storage for webservers Webservers typically offer high I/Os, but small storageMaxAttach on a subnet behind the webserver delivers content when its needed Local storage for data-intensive workgroups Isolating traffic for groups that have huge files improves overall network performance

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 20 July 28, 2000

Heterogeneous File Support

Novell Netware
Netware Clients ??? Apple DEC Alpha

Ap ple Sh are

FT P

P HTT

UNIX NFS
HP-9000 HUB

HUB

HUB

Windows SMB

SWITCH

HUB Windows NT

Sun Ultra Windows 98 RS/6000

Windows 2000

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 21 July 28, 2000

SAN vs. NAS

Fibre Channel Switch

40GB

40GB

Switch NAS

SAN Characteristics

NAS Characteristics

SANs describe a topology Transfers blocks Data is typically accessed by servers Filesystem resides in the server Connected with FC (or SCSI) Uses SCSI protocols 1Gbps data transfers (with FC)

NAS defines a device Transfers files Data is typically accessed by clients Filesystem resides in the NAS device Connected with Ethernet Uses network protocols 10/100Mbps data transfers today; 1Gbps later this year

SANs and NAS can (and do) co-exist; they solve different storage problems

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 22 July 28, 2000

Deploying Storage Where You Need It With NAS

Collision Domain A Small files and emails in the sales department are delivered quickly from the local NAS Sales Dept. HUB

Switch

Traffic Segmented
Collision Domain B

CAD/CAM group Centrally located NAS used to backup servers in the IT department HUB IT department can administer and monitor NAS devices remotely Large files transferred from the local NAS to engineering workstations do not impact users in other segments

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 23 July 28, 2000

Maxtor Network Systems Group

Review of Products and Features

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 24 July 28, 2000

First Some Important Terms

U Unit of measurement relating to rackmount equipment 1U = 1.75 RAID Redundant Array of Independent Disks Mechanism (software or hardware) that places data on a set of
disks to provide higher availability of that data Several levels are defined that provide various protection and performance levels

Mirroring Another name for RAID level 1 GUI Graphical User Interface. A set of menus that simplify user
interaction with an application or device

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 25 July 28, 2000

Product Family

MaxAttach NAS 3000

- Network attached storage for small office, remote office, and small workgroups - 40, 80, 120 GB

MaxAttach NAS 4000

- Network attached storage for larger workgroups, ISP/ASPs - 80, 120, 160, 240 GB

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 26 July 28, 2000

Product Overview
MaxAttach NAS 3000 Desk Top Package 10/100 Mbs Ethernet 1 or 2 Drives External power supply RAID1 and Disk Spanning support System capacities of 40/80/120GB

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 27 July 28, 2000

Product Overview
MaxAttach NAS 4000 1U, 19 Rack Mount Package (1.75 height) Intel Pentium 266 MHZ
64/128MB SDRAM 2 or 4 Maxtor Drives Dual internal power supplies Supports mirrored operation
Two drives supported by each power supply (master/slave pair) Both supplies power all other system components (system board/fans)

RAID1 and Disk Spanning Support System capacities of 80/120/160/240 GB

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 28 July 28, 2000

Disk Configurations
JBOD Just a Bunch Of Disks Spanning RAID 5

40GB 40GB 40GB 40GB

40GB 40GB 40GB 40GB

40GB 40GB 40GB 40GB

Client sees 4-40GB volumes

Client sees 1-160GB volume

Client sees 1-120GB volume

Mirrored JBOD

Span Over Mirror

Mirror Over Span

40GB 40GB 40GB 40GB

40GB 40GB 40GB 40GB

40GB 40GB 40GB 40GB

2 disks mirrored... Client sees 2-40GB volumes

2 disks mirrored... Then spanned: Client sees 1-80GB volume

2 disks spanned... Then mirrored: Client sees 1-80GB volume

NOTES: Mirroring is also referred to as RAID 1. Current MaxAttach products do not support RAID-5. Two drive units (like the MaxAttach 3000) support JBOD, Spanning and Mirroring only.

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 29 July 28, 2000

NAS 4000 Features

er Su pp lie s!

Du al P

RA ID -1

ow

fo r

irr

or

ed

Da ta !

All MaxAttach NAS 4000 appliances feature dual power supplies for enhanced system availability. If either supply should fail, mirrored data remains available.

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 30 July 28, 2000

Rack and Stack

7 equals 1 Terabyte (240GB version) 13 equals 1 Terabyte (160GB version)

High capacity in a small footprint for ISPs, ASPs, CAD/CAM companies, architectural firms, graphics design houses, imaging, multimedia, publishing and more.

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 31 July 28, 2000

No Quibble Service and Support

Extension of Maxtors industry leading service program for all MaxAttach appliances Advance replacement unit ships within one business day
No cost service Next day shipment guarantee

AskMax online web service

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 32 July 28, 2000

MaxAttach Strategy
Software enhancements provided through internal development and partnerships with industry leaders Integrated drive, system and software designed to optimize:
Performance Usability Manageability Reliability Availability Scalability

Product family expands the customer base to address the growing storage needs of larger workgroups, Internet service providers and enterprise market segments

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 33 July 28, 2000

MaxAttach Specifics
Setting up a MaxAttach, Key concepts and features

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

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MaxAttach Installation

1. 2. 3.

Plug it in. Connect to network via wall socket or hub.

Install discovery wizard on any client PC. Select your new device from the neighborhood.

Set the time and date. Assign device a name and password.

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 35 July 28, 2000

MaxAttach: A Complete Solution

MaxNeighborhood: Discovery and setup application wizard that easily finds the MaxAttach on your network Browser-based interface to (remotely) configure the MaxAttach
Ethernet

Administrator

MaxAttach

Reflect-It client software to automate backup of laptops and desktop systems

Clients

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 36 July 28, 2000

MaxAttach NAS Specifics

MaxAttach currently only supports two platforms, UNIX/Linux and Windows Support for additional platforms is being developed While the MaxAttach does support UNIX/Linux clients, it currently
does not allow filesharing between UNIX/Linux and Windows clients Both clients may access the unit and read/write files, just not the same file Full filesharing is being developed Current MaxAttach devices must be administered from a Windows client Administration from any client type is being developed

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 37 July 28, 2000

Administration

MaxNeighborhood Setup & Discovery Wizard Simple initial discovery and setup Single GUI Page for Managing Shares Create, rename, delete shares Single GUI Page for Storage Management Options Configure or change between JBOD, Spanning or Mirroring with one mouse click E-Mail Notification E-mail sent to administrator in the event of system issue Manual testing of e-mail alert for added protection

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 38 July 28, 2000

Administration Close-up
MaxNeighborhood Setup & Discovery Wizard CD included with each MaxAttach unit Discovers new & existing MaxAttach units on the network Provides initial configuration of Date/Time Administrator Password Network Name & Workgroup
* * *

Administration GUI Page Share Folders Manage Users Manage Network Manage Disk Configuration Tools Help Log Out

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 39 July 28, 2000

Administration GUI Page

Share Folders

Configuration

Date/Time Administrator Password Network Name & Workgroup Date/Time Email Update Shutdown Backup Restore SNMP

Sharing User Access Users Groups Group Membership User Validation Network Identification WINS DHCP Server Configuration Reformat

Manage Users

Tools

Manage Network

Manage Disk

Help Log Out

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 40 July 28, 2000

A Few Words About Shares

What is a Share? A network share is a reference to a folder (or directory) on a server hard drive Why do you need Shares? Shares allow users to access specific information on the server What do Shares do for you? Security
Restriction of user access to specific folders containing only required material creates drive and folder level security

File / Application Access Allows for specific file or application access without having to navigate the directory hierarchy

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 41 July 28, 2000

User Interaction
NAS units appear as servers on the Network Neighborhood.

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

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User Interaction
File folders can be either public or password protected.

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 43 July 28, 2000

Client Backup With Reflect-It

Client backup software permits clients to be backed up on a scheduled basis. NAS devices make a convenient backup destination - Easy to install - Simple to maintain

NETWORK SYSTEMS GROUP

Page 44 July 28, 2000