General Tip: Using Sources p g Use f U reference guides and manuals t id d l to make the process of doing APA in-text citations and R f it ti d References pages easier. i Have an APA manual that shows you how to document sources near by as you do your research and write your paper. Use research selectively. Connect it y your thesis. directly to y
What is Plagiarism?
To plagiarize is to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as ones own without crediting d f th ) ith t diti the source. (Websters New Collegiate Dictionary) Intentional plagiarism occurs when a person deliberately copies, in whole or in part, the work of another writer without providing documentation Unintentional plagiarism occurs when a person does not understand the rules for borrowing material from other sources and therefore provides inadequate documentation Self-plagiarism occurs when you use a single p piece of y your work for more than one writing g assignment
Avoiding Plagiarism g g
In order to avoid plagiarizing, you must: 1) D Document your source t
in the passage of your writing where you use the material (parenthetical or in text in-text citation) in a References page at the end of your paper (full-text citation)
2) Refrain from se p ag a s ) e a o self-plagiarism. You ca , ou can, however, revisit research from your earlier writing and expand on another aspect of it.
Documenting Research In-Text In Text Attribute your source in body of essay by leading into b l di i t quotes and research t d h information with a context and credentials, where necessary: d ti l h
According to Professor Atkinson (2001), a child psychologist who researches th hild h l i t h h the effects of media violence on children, Television Television violence causes desensitization to the pain and suffering of others (p 51) others (p. 51).
Note that date always follows the sources name in APA style style.
In the References list, italicize book titles, , , but use sentence case (first words of titles and subtitles and proper nouns are capitalized):
Gates of excellence: On reading and writing.
Article titles use title case and are placed in double quotation marks in the text of the y y essay: Dysfunctional Families in America Omit quotation marks and use sentence case in References list:
Dysfunctional families in America
References
Begin the References list on a new page at the end of your paper. Double-space Double space the References list list. If entry is more than one line in length, use hanging i d t f h i indent form f subsequent li for b t lines. Separate each major element (author, title, publication information) with a period.
APA BOOKS
Single author In-text Citation: (Banting, 1995 p. 14) (B ti 1995, 14). References Entry Banting, P. (1995). Body, Inc.: A theory of translation. Winnipeg, translation Winnipeg CA: Turnstone Press.
APA BOOKS
Two authors or editors In-text Citation (Violato & Marini 1989 pp 130 137) Marini, 1989, pp. 130- 137). References Entry Violato, C., Marini, A. (Eds). (1989). Vi l t C & M i i A (Ed ) (1989) Child development: Readings for teachers. New York, NY: Thompson Southwestern.
APA BOOKS
An edition other than the first In-text Citation (Hacker, 2004, 132). (H k 2004 p. 132) References Entry Hacker, D. (2004). A Canadian writer's reference, reference 4th ed Scarborough: ed. Nelson.
APA ARTICLES
In a scholarly journal In-text Citation (Kortenaar, 1995, pp. 53 54) (K t 1995 53-54). References Entry Kortenaar, N. T. (1995). Midnight's children and the allegory of history history. Ariel, 26 (2), 41-62.
APA ARTICLES
In a magazine In-text Citation (Howard, 2003, p. 160). (Howard 2003 p 160) References Entry Howard, B (2003 A H d B. (2003, August 15) P t bl t 15). Portable computing: power without the pounds. PC Magazine, 12(8), 125-128, 152, 160-161.
References E t R f Entry Steele-Carlin, S. (2002). Take courses from the comfort of your own home! Education World World, 21 paras. Retrieved December 19, 2009, from <http://www.educationworld.com>. p
Useful Websites
http://www.apastyle.org/styletips.html http://www apastyle org/styletips html
Official APA site offering helpful tips for writers
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