NAME: Fatima Mohammad khalifeh

DEFINITION OF RESPIRATORY SYSYTEM

the system by which oxygen is taken int o the body and anexchange of oxygen an d carbon dioxide takes place; inmammals the syst em includes the nasal passages, pharynx , trachea, bronchi, and lungs.

NAZAL CAVITY DEFINITION

the vaulted chamber that lies between t he floor of the craniumand the roof of th e mouth of higher vertebrates extending fromthe external nares to the pharynx, being enclosed by bone orcartilage and usually incompletely divided into lateral halves by theseptum of the nose, and ha ving its walls lined with mucousmembra ne that is rich in venous plexuses and cil iated in the lowerpart which forms the b eginning of the respiratory passage and warms and filters the inhaled air and tha t is modified as sensoryepithelium in the upper olfactory part.

DEFINITION OF PHARYNX

space behind the mouth that serves as a passage for food from the mouth to the esophagus and for air from the nose and mouth to the larynx.

DEFINITION OF lARYNX

The larynx is the part of the respiratory tract that lies between the pharynx (the upper throat) and the trachea (the windpipe). The larnyx contains the vocal cords, which are responsible for the sounds we make when we speak.

DEFINITION OF TRACHEA

Main airway that runs from the base of the throat down to the lungs. Divides into the two main bronchi (right and left) that supply each lung with air.

DEFINITION OF LUNGS

The lungs are a pair of breathing organs located with the chest which remove carbon dioxide from andbring oxygen to the blood. There is a right and left lung.

DEFINITION OF ALVEOLI

Tiny, delicate air sacs deep within the lungs, where the gas/blood exchange occurs. Oxygen from inhaled air passes through the walls of aveoli and enters the bloodstream while carbon dioxide passes out in the same way when air is exhaled.

WHAT ARE THE FACTORS THAT FAVOUR THE GASOUS EXCHANGE RESPIRATORY MECHANICS AND GAS EXCHANGE I Respiration An .Internal Respiration: Intracellular metabolic processes carried Out in the mitochondria which use O2 and produce CO2 B .External Respiration: entire sequence of events involved in The exchange of O2 and CO2 between the external Environment and the cells of the body. 1. Ventilation: exchange of air between environment and Alveoli of lungs 2. O2 and CO2 exchanged between alveoli and blood 3. O2 and CO2 are transported by blood between lungs and tissue 4. Exchange of O2 and CO2 between blood and tissues

Across capillaries II...Review Structure of Respiratory system A. Airways: Tubes that carry air between environment & alveoli 1 .from trachea through right and left bronchi (rigid Cartilage) 2. Bronchi branch into bronchioles (smooth muscle) B Alveoli 1 .Clusters of thin walled, inflatable, grapelike sacs at the Terminal branches of the bronchioles 2 .Surrounded by pulmonary capillaries 3. NOTE: thin walls and huge surface area of all alveoli