The present perfect simple

1) Unfinished Past An action or state which started in the past and is NOT FINISHED. E.g. I've lived here all my life.

This use of the present perfect simple is common with the following prepositions of time: For = A period of time (ten years, three minutes, a long time, ages) Since = A point in time (6pm, last year, January, my last birthday, the day I was born). 2) Life Experience An action or state which happened at some UNSPECIFIED TIME in someone's LIFE. E.g. I've seen this before.

This use of the present perfect simple is common with the following adverbs: Ever = Questions (Have you ever been to Brazil?) Never = Meaning 'not in my life' (I've never been to London.) 3) Present Result An action or state which happened in the (usually recent) past and is RELEVANT NOW. This use of the present perfect is very common in spoken English and is used for giving news. E.g. I've done my homework.

When used to express present result, the verb 'to go' and 'to be' express different aspects: "She's gone to New York." = She's in New York at the moment. "She's been to New York." = She went to New York recently, but she is back again now. Therefore, 'I've gone', You've gone' and 'we've gone' are usually unnatural in English. The present perfect continuous is also used for unfinished past and present result, but the main focus is on ACTIVITY and DURATION.

Write sentences in present perfect simple. 1. Phil / not / miss / the bus 2. they / not / plant / a tree 3. Vanessa / catch / the ball 4. we / sell / our old car 5. the train / leave / the station Write questions in present perfect simple. 1. you / correct / my mistakes 2. you / practice / your English 3. she / tidy up / her room 4. the boss / sign / the letter 5. Mary / shut / the door Ask for the information in the bold part of the sentence. 1. Tony has built a house. 2. Avril has crossed the street at the traffic lights. 3. They have never been to Australia. 4. Rupert has dialed the number. 5. Betty has spent 200 euros at the shopping mall. -

PRESENT PERFECT OR PAST SIMPLE?

1. 2. 3 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Tom (go)__________ to the cinema yesterday. John is playing a game of tennis. He (play)______________ for 2 hours. I (book)__________ the tickets two weeks ago for the concert in Vienna. The teacher (speak)____________ English since the beginning of this lesson. In your life, how many countries (you-visit) _______________? The Bank (open)__________ a branch in new shopping centre last month. The bus is late and Julie is cold. She (wait)__________ for 10 minutes. Caroline (work)__________ here between 2003 and 2006. Before boarding, John (buy)_______ a book to read during the flight. So far today, I (learn) ____________ several new words in English.

Each of the sentences below has a mistake. Find it and correct it. (Example: I have written the article yesterday . I wrote the article yesterday.) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. I have visited New York two months ago. Anne isnt here at the moment. Shes been to London. In your life, how many different countries did you visit? Theyve opened the new shopping mall last week. How many pages did you read so far this week ? When have you bought your car? Ive lived in London since 5 years. Ive seen that film last Friday. His English improved a lot this year. In his last job, Peter has travelled to Germany every month. Julie has worked here between 1997 and 1999. How many films did you see this month? When has Mary arrived? Before leaving for Boston, I have bought a good dictionary. So far I didnt receive a reply to my invitation. I live in a house I have bought 7 years ago. The man who lives next door wrote four books about his travels. I have been listening to the recording several times today. Did you ever taste a cereal called quinoa? How many new words did you note down so far in this lesson? Caroline has been visiting Hong Kong five times already. Ive seen that programme on television last night How many times have you been asking for an explanation? My English improved a lot this year. In her previous job, Julie has spoken English a lot. Jack has worked here between 1996 and 1999. How many times did you go to the theatre this year? How long ago has Emma taken up golf? When I was 6 years old, I have got a bicycle for Christmas. So far I didnt make too many mistakes. Tony is still watching TV. He has watched it for 3 hours. I hate red meat. Since I was a child I have been hating it. How long have you attended these classes? There is no lesson today. The teacher has been on holiday. I can relax now. I finished this exercise!