LABORATORY REPORT Day/Date: Thursday/September 22th, 2011 MECHANICS I

Momen Inertia Muhamad Andika Bobihu G74100011

Assistan : 1. Ainul Yaqin (G74080001) 2. Zuliyatin (G74080005) 3. Khusnul Yakin (G74090007) Departement of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Bogor Agriculture University 2011

1.Purpose
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a. Determine experimentally the moment of inertia of object and to compare this with

the theoretical value b. Measure the periode (T) of rigid body with different of point suspension c. Determine the inertia moment of rigid body (bar) 1. Materials and tools
a. Inclined plane b. Ball c. Solid cylinder d. Hollow cylinder e. A balance

f. Protactor g. Stopwatch h. Bar pendulum with holes for hanging i. Statip j. Rules

2. Theory The moment of inertia about an axis is a measure of theinertial resistance of the object to changes in its rotational motion about the axis. It is the rotational analog of mass. The farther an element of mass is from the axis, the greater its contribution to the moment of inertia about that axis. Thus, unlike the mass of an object, which is a property of the object itself, the moment of inertia depends on the location of the axis as well as the mass distribution of the object. to calculate the moment of inertia for continuous objects, we imagine the object to consist of a continuum of very small mass elements. Thus, the finite sum in Equation becomes the integral I = r2 dm where r is the radial distance from the axis to mass element dm. To evaluate this integral, we first express dm as a density times an element of length, area, or volume, as is done in the following examples. We can often simplify the calculation of moments of inertia for various objects by using the parallel-axis theorem, which relates the moment of inertia about an axis through the center of mass to the moment of inertia about a second, parallel axis (Figure9-10). Let I be the moment of inertia, and let be the moment of inertia about a parallel axis through the center of mass. In addition, let M be the total mass of the object and let h be the distance between the two axes. The parallel-axis theorem states that
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I = Icm + Mh2

3. Data
I. Moment of Inertia

Msolid sphere = Mhollow sphere = Msolid cylinder =

kg kg kg

Rsolid sphere = Rhollow sphere = Rsolid cylinder =

m m m

a. Moment of Inertia 1 (=30, x=0,4m) T 1 2 3 4 Average Solid sphere (s) Hollow sphere (s) Solid cylinder (s)

b. Moment of Inertia 2 (= , x=0,4m)

T 1 2 3 4 Average Isolid sphere = Ihollow sphere = Isolid cylinder = II.Bar Pendulum

Solid sphere (s)

Hollow sphere (s)

Solid cylinder (s)

a. Bar 1 (l=0,205 m ; M=0, 19373 kg)

N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

t20 (s)

T (t20/20) (s)

IT

8 9 10 IT = Il = Accuracy = Carefulness =
b. Bar 2 (l=0,296 m ; M=0,28181 kg)

N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 IT = Il = Accuracy = Carefulness = 4. Data Analysis I.Moment of inertia a. Solid sphere

t20 (s)

T (t20/20) (s)

IT

b.

Hollow sphere

c.

Solid cylinder

II. Bar Pendulum a. Bar 1

b. Bar 2

5. Discussion Moment of Inertia is a measure of inertia (resistance) of a particle to change the position or positions in the rotational motion. Moment of inertia of the particle can be written in amathematical equation or formula I = MR2 with I = moment of inertia (kgm2 units), m = mass (kg units), and r = distance of the
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particle If there

to

the rotary

axis (unit m). one particle with mass mi and

are many or more than

distance ri to pivot or swivelaxis of the moment of inertia is the sum total of each of the tau particle moment of inertia is written in the form of following equation. in the experiment of simple pendulum, we can find a relationship between the periods, with the moment of inertia, length of relationship that is found on the radius (R for the moment of inertia), and the length of rope (rope length L for the simple pendulum), with R = L, so the greater the radius the greater, the greater the moment of inertia, and directly, the period will be compared with the roots of L, or, directly proportional with the root radius, so the greatermoment of inertia, the greater the value of the period. Parallel axis theorem is used to calculate the moment of inertia of a wake is rotated by the shaft is not at the center of mass (pm) or any place. When the moment of inertia of an objecttoward the center of mass (IPM) is known, moment of inertia of any axis that is parallel(parallel) to the axis center of mass. based on the theorem, we can see that, the greater the distance of the initial spin axis of the new rotary axis, then the value of moment of inertia will be greater. this has been proven through experiments. on trial this time, we have conducted some experiments in finding the value of moment of inertia. in the first experiment, we attempted to link between the size of the period to the value of moment of inertia, based on the theory, the greater the value of the period, the greater the value of moment of inertia that will be generated, and this has been proven in the first experiment, where the period be directly proportional to the moment of inertia.whereas for the second experiment, we have tried to find a comparison between the angleformed by a flat surface with an inclined plane with a mass of sliding mass moment of inertia of the object itself. the results of these experiments, showed that, the greater theangle formed by the inclined plane, then the value of the mass moment of inertia of theobject, will go bigger, this is because the value of the sine formula used to search the moment of inertia is the greater value angle, it will be getting closer to a value of 1, and this is resulting in the value of moment of inertia will be growing in line with the increasing value of the angle formed by the inclined plane .. 6. Conclusion conclusion of the two lab we have to define things that can affect large and small a moment of inertia. ie the length of the radius of a point pusatu round object oscillates. it is also the value of the angle formed by the inclined plane uga effect on the value of moment of inertia itself.
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7. References Tipler, Paul A.1998.Fisika Edisi Ketiga Jilid 1(Terjemahan Lea Prasetio dan Rahmad W. Adi).Jakarta:Gramedia. Young, Hugh D. and Roger A.Freedman.1996.University Physic. USA: AddisonWesley Publishing Company, Inc.