Enrichment

Chapter 5: SETS
Usual format of questions: 1. Given the shaded region of a Venn diagram, state the operations that are involved. 2. Given a Venn diagram, shade the region which represents a combination of sets based on the operation of sets. Examples of Venn diagrams A A B BA B A AB = AB {J P Q P AB Q B A AB B A A B, B A

A A B

AB P Q' P Q P Q P ( P Q) '

R P Q R P Q
R

R P Q R' P
R

P (Q R ) '
Q P Q

Sets

R Q, R P

R Q, R P 1

R Q, P R ! J

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Questions based on the examination format (Paper 2)

1. The Venn diagram in the answer space shows sets A, B and C. Given that =A B C. On the diagram provided in the answer spaces, shade the area of , (a) C (A B) (b) (A C) (B C)

Answer :

2.

A
7 8-x 9-x 8

x
7-x 9

Given that \ ! A B C and that n(\ ) ! 34 , find (a) (b) the value of x n( A B C ' )

Sets

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3.

The Venn diagrams below show set P, Q and R. Given that the universal set, \ ! P Q R . On the diagrams, shade (a) P Q
Q P R

(b)

P R'

Q P R

(c)

P'Q R'

Q P R

4.

Given the universal set, \ ! {x : 10 e x e 25, x is an integer} Set P = {x : x is a prime number} Set Q = {x : x is a multiple of 4} and Set R = {x: x is a number where one of its digits is more than 7} (a) (b) (c) Find the elements of set P Find the elements of set P R. Find n( P Q R ).

5.

The Venn diagram shows the set E, F and G. If the universal set is \ ! E F G , in the answer part, shade the regions for (a) E F (b) E F G Answer : (a) E F G (b) ) E F G

Sets

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6.

Given P = {3, 5} Q = {2, 4, 7, 8} R = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9} and universal set \ ! P Q R (a) (b) Draw a Venn diagram to show the relationship between sets P, Q and R. List all the elements in set P R.

7.

The Venn diagram in the answer space shows sets P, Q and R. On the diagram provided in the answer spaces, shade a) the set Q R, b) the set P Q R Answer: a) Q R

b)

8.

The Venn diagram in the answer space shows sets P, Q and R. Given that universal set = P Q R. On the answer spaces , shade a) Q (P R), b) (Q R) P. Answer: a) P R

Q P R

Sets

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9..

Given that universal set = { x : 31 x 45, x are integers}. Set P = { x : x are prime numbers } Set Q = { x : x are odd numbers } Set R = { x : x is a number where the sum of its digits is more than 8 } a) b) List out all the elements for set R, Find n (P Q R).

10.

The Venn diagram in the answer space shows sets P, Q and R. Given that universal set = P Q R. On the answer spaces, shade

a)

(P

Q) U R Q

b)

(P U R)

Q Q

R P

Sets

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Past Year SPM Questions

Paper 2

July 2004 1. The Venn diagram in the answer space shows sets P, Q and R such that the universal set = P Q R. On the diagram in the answer space, shade a) the set Q. b) the set P (Q R).

Answer: a) P

R Q

b) P Q

November 2004

1.

The Venn diagram in the answer space shows sets A, B and C. On the diagram provided in the answer spaces, shade a) the set A B b) the set A B C. Answer: a) A B C b) A B

July 2005 2 The Venn diagram in the answer space shows sets P, Q and R such that the universal set = P Q R. On the diagram in the answer space, shade a) the set P R. b) the set (P Q) R. 6

Sets

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Answer: a) P R

b) P R

July 2006 4. The Venn diagram in the answer space shows sets P, Q and R such that the universal set = P Q R. On the diagram in the answer space, shade a. the set P R. b. the set (P R) Q. Answer: c) b) P R

P R

November 2006 5. The Venn diagram in the answer space shows sets P, Q and R such that the universal set, \ ! P Q R . On the diagrams in the answer space, shade a) the set P ' Q b) the set P Q ' R Answer: a) b)

Q P

Q P

Sets

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6. June 2007 The Venn diagrams in the answer space shows sets K, L and M such that the universal set, \ ! K L M . On the diagrams in the answer space, shade the set a) K'M , b) K (L M' ) . [3 marks]

Answer : a) K

L M

b) L K M

Sets

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7. Nov 2008 The Venn diagrams in the answer space shows sets P, Q and R such that the universal set, \ ! PQ R. On the diagrams in the answer space, shade [3 marks] a) P Q , b) (P ' Q ) R . Answer a) P R Q

b)

P R

Sets

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ANSWERS
SPM PAST YEAR QUESTION (PAPER 2) 1 2004J (a)

R Q

(b)

2004N

(a)

(b)

C
3

2005J

(a)

(b)

P R

P R

2006J

(a)

P R

(b)

P R

2006N

(a)

Q P

(b)

Q P

2007J

(a)

L K M

(b)

L K M

Sets

10

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2008N

(a)

P R

(b) P R Q

Sets

11