1. Angle subtended by an arc at the centre is twice the angle subtended at the circumference by the same arc.
1b
1b Oy
x o
x
x = 2y
x= 2y
b) Angles subtended at the circumference by arcs of the same length are the same.
y x
x=y
Circles III
Enrichment
s p + r = 180o p q + s = 180o b) The exterior angle and the corresponding interior opposite angle of cyclic quadrilateral are equal q r x x=y
5. Angle between a tangent and a chord through the point of contact is equal to the angle
7. i) Tangents drawn from an external point are equal, AB = CB The tangents subtend equal angles at the centre, AOB = COB The line joining the external point to the centre of the circle bisects the angle between the tangents, ABO = CBO p + q = 180 N
M
A P O
ii)
iii)
p C
R
qo
1. In Diagram 1, the tangent PQR touches38 circle at Q and MNR is a straight line. Find the the value of x.
Circles III
Q
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DIAGRAM 1
A B
38 52
C D
109 142
2. In diagram 2, PQR is the tangent to the circle with centre O. Given that the length of arc MN is equal to length of arc NQ. Find the value of x.
N
R O M 48 x Q
DIAGRAM 2
A 21 C 69 B 48 D 100 3. In diagram 3, O is the centre of a circle and PQR is a tangent . Find the value of x.
P Q
45
110 S
DIAGRAM 3
A B
45 90
C D
115 220
3
48 P R
Enrichment
DIAGRAM 4 Q A B 21 24 C D 42 60
F 65O 56O A
A B 48 54
E xO D
DIAGRAM 5
B
C D 56 59
Circles III
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6.
In Diagram 6, KOLM is a straight line and MN is the tangent to the circle with centre O. Find the value of x..
K 38
L x
A B 7.
14 19
C D
38 142
38 65
y Q
DIAGRAM 7
A B 8.
103 115
C D
141 168
In diagram 8, ABC is the tangent to the circle at B. Given that EF = ED and CDF is the straight line. Find the value of y .
F E y
D 80 A B
DIAGRAM 8
36
A B
Circles III
28 44
C D
60 62
Enrichment
Q y 45 T R 70
In diagram 10, tangent AE touches the circle ABCD at A. Given BC is parallel to AD. Find the value of x + y.
C B 42 53 x D
A B 11.
36 42
C D
53 95
In Diagram 11, PT is the tangent to the circle PQRS and RST is the straight line.
R 70 Q x S 100 y
DIAGRAM 11
The value of x + y is
A B
Circles III
110 130
C D
150 170
Enrichment
12.
O A 42
DIAGRAM 12
y C
In Diagram 13, PST is tangent to the circle with centre O, at S and POR is straight line.
Q 64 O
DIAGRAM 13
y P T S
C D
46 62
In the diagram below, ABC and APQ are tangents to the circle with centre O.
C
B 148 O
DIAGRAM 14
A x P Q
The value of x is A 48 B 58
Circles III
C D
74 84
Enrichment
15.
P x O 30 Q
DIAGRAM 15
58
of x is
52 56
C D
58 62
In Diagram 16, KLM is a tangent to the circle. The value of x is Q 35o P K DIAGRAM 16 65 K A B 76 78
o
xo M C D 80 82
17.
In Diagram 17, MNP is a tangent to the circle QRN at N with centre O. The value of x is
R
50 24
O x N
DIAGRAM 17
A B
40 64
C D
74 124
18. In Diagram 18, APB is a tangent to the circle QRN at P. Given QPS = SPB.
Circles III
Enrichment
R Q A 40 S x
DIAGRAM 18
B
In Diagram 19, PQ is a tangent to the circle PRS with centre O. SRQ is a straight line. DIAGRAM 19
S x O R
40
value of x. 50 100
Q
C D
In diagram 20, PQR is a tangent to the circle QST. Given that PTS is a straight line.
DIAGRAM 20
x P 48 Q 65 R
C D
67 113
Enrichment
November 2003 In Diagram 3, RST is a tangent to the circle with centre O, at point S.
100 R y O 55
July 2004 In the Diagram 3, O is the centre of the circle and JKL is a tangent to the circle at point K.
L
15
K
n
J O
55
M
DIAGRAM 3
The value of n is A B 25 40 C D 50 65
November 2004 In Diagram 2, JK is a tangent to the circle KLM at K and JML is a straight line
Circles III
10
Enrichment
DIAGRAM 2 30
C D
60 75
In Diagram 2, O is the centre of circle QST and PQR is the tangent to the circle at Q.
S O R T Q 40 P
DIAGRAM 2
Circles III
11
Enrichment
R 68 P
DIAGRAM 3
Q
The length of arc PR is equal to the length of arc QR. Find the value of x. A. B. 22 34 C. D. 44 68
50 T Q
DIAGRAM 2
60 80
C D
100 140
12
Enrichment
In Diagram 2, QRT is a tangent to the circle centre O, at R. PUS, OPQ and OUR are straight lines.
O 25 U
P R T
DIAGRAM 2
X
Q
June 2007 In Diagram 3, TQU is a tangent to the circle centre O, at point Q. SPQ is straight line.
O
66 27
o o
xo Q P
S R Diagram 3 U
114 117
C D
120 126
13
Enrichment
P
O
16
E
Find the value of x. A B 32 48
58
F Diagram 3
C D
61 74
June 2008 1. In Diagram 4, URT is the tangent to the circle PQRS at point R. PQR is an equilateral triangle and URS = 20o .
S U
20
R Diagram 4
2. In Diagram 5, O is the centre of a circle. TQU is the tangent to the circle at point Q. PSR is a straight OPS = 10o . line and
Circles III
14
Enrichment
10 O
S
43 x 32
T
Find the value of x. A B 18 22
Q Diagram 5
C D
28 33
November 2008 In Diagram 3, JKL is the tangent to the circle centre O at K and JNM is a straight line . M 50
35
K Diagram 5
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Enrichment
ANSWERS
EXAMINATION FORMAT QUESTIONS. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. C C C A D A C A B D 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. A C B C D C B B A A
PAST YEARS SPM QUESTIONS. 2004 JUL 2005 JUL 2006 JUL 2007 JUN 2008 JUN A B C B C 2003 NOV 2004 NOV 2005 NOV 2006 NOV 2007 NOV 2008 NOV B B C A B A
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