2011-12

WROCLAW UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

[POWER SYSTEM FAULT

]

PROJECT NONO-4 PHASE SELECTION

Prof. Dr. Hab. In Jan Iykowski

Presented by: INDRAJEET PRASAD

SHIVANANDA PUKHREM
JOAN JIMIENEZ ANGELES

PROJECT NO-4

POWER SYSTEM FAULT

INDEX:

1. Introduction
2. Variables used in the line code program.
3. Program code
4. Graphics results
5. Conclusion

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Presented by: INDRAJEET PRASAD, SHIVANANDA PUKHREM, JOAN JIMIENEZ ANGELE

POWER SYSTEM FAULT

PROJECT NO-4

1. INTRODUCTION:
In this Project we will Identify the Fault by Phase selection in Matlab through
program code.
We will see also how to work with some commands from Matlab that will be
useful to obtain some graphics that will help to get some information about the
phase detection of the Fault.

2. VARIABLES USED IN LINE CODE PROGRAM:

3.1 Information about the nomenclature of the simulation code.
theta_i=1; CT ratio
theta_v=1;

VT ratio

omeg_1=100*pi;
Ts=0.001;

angular fundamental frequency

sampling period

fi=omeg_1*Ts/2;

angle corresponding to a half of the sampling period

hc=[1, 1]/(2*cos(fi));

Cosine component

hs=[-1, 1]/(2*sin(fi));

Sine component

h_cs=hc+hs*i;

Filter in the complex form

Presented by: INDRAJEET PRASAD, SHIVANANDA PUKHREM, JOAN JIMIENEZ ANGELE

POWER SYSTEM FAULT

PROJECT NO-4

3. PROGRAM CODE:
Program code.
% LABORATORY 4: PHASE SELECTION
clear all;
theta_i=1;

% CT ratio

theta_v=1;

% VT ratio

omeg_1=100*pi;
Ts=0.001;

% angular fumndamental frequency

% sampling period

fi=omeg_1*Ts/2;

% angle corresponding to a half of the sampling period

%-------------------------------------------------------------------------% definition of the short window (2 succesive samples) filter

%-------------------------------------------------------------------------hc=[1, 1]/(2*cos(fi));
hs=[-1, 1]/(2*sin(fi));
h_cs=hc+hs*i;

% Cosine component
% Sine component
% Filter in the complex form

%-------------------------------------------------------------------------% READING AND TRANSPOSING *.PL4 FILES

%-------------------------------------------------------------------------file=readpl452;
y=file';

Presented by: INDRAJEET PRASAD, SHIVANANDA PUKHREM, JOAN JIMIENEZ ANGELE

POWER SYSTEM FAULT

PROJECT NO-4

%-------------------------------------------------------------------------% PREFILTERING USING EQUATION(3):

%-------------------------------------------------------------------------y_pref(2,:)= filter(hs,1,y(2,:));
y_pref(3,:)= filter(hs,1,y(3,:));
y_pref(4,:)= filter(hs,1,y(4,:));
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------% FILTERING:
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------% Processing currents of the side "S"
ISa=filter(h_cs, 1, theta_i*y_pref(2, :)); % phase 'a'
ISb=filter(h_cs, 1, theta_i*y_pref(3, :)); % phase 'b'
ISc=filter(h_cs, 1, theta_i*y_pref(4, :)); % phase 'c'

ISa_R=real(ISa);
ISa_I=imag(ISa);
ISb_R=real(ISb);
ISb_I=imag(ISb);
ISc_R=real(ISc);
ISc_I=imag(ISc);

%--------------------------------------------------------------------------

Presented by: INDRAJEET PRASAD, SHIVANANDA PUKHREM, JOAN JIMIENEZ ANGELE

POWER SYSTEM FAULT

PROJECT NO-4

% Zero-sequence, Positive-sequence, Negative-sequence

%-------------------------------------------------------------------------% Zero-sequence
IS0_R=(ISa_R+ISb_R+ISc_R)/3;
IS0_I=(ISa_I+ISb_I+ISc_I)/3;
IS0=IS0_R+IS0_I*i;
% Positive-sequence
IS1_R=(ISa_R-(1/2)*ISb_R-(sqrt(3)/2)*ISb_I-(1/2)*ISc_R+(sqrt(3)/2)*ISc_I)/3;
IS1_I=(ISa_I-(1/2)*ISb_I+(sqrt(3)/2)*ISb_R-(1/2)*ISc_I-(sqrt(3)/2)*ISc_R)/3;
IS1=IS1_R+IS1_I*i;
% Negative-sequence
IS2_R=(ISa_R-(1/2)*ISb_R+(sqrt(3)/2)*ISb_I-(1/2)*ISc_R-(sqrt(3)/2)*ISc_I)/3;
IS2_I=(ISa_I-(1/2)*ISb_I-(sqrt(3)/2)*ISb_R-(1/2)*ISc_I+(sqrt(3)/2)*ISc_R)/3;
IS2=IS2_R+IS2_I*i;
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------% angles used for phase selection
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------RATIO_21=IS2(61:120)./(IS1(61:120)-IS1(1:60));
% ratio of negative- and incremental positive-sequence currents
ALFA=angle(RATIO_21)*180/pi;

RATIO_20=IS2(61:120)./IS0(61:120);

Presented by: INDRAJEET PRASAD, SHIVANANDA PUKHREM, JOAN JIMIENEZ ANGELE

POWER SYSTEM FAULT

PROJECT NO-4

% ratio of negative- and zero-sequence currents

BETA=angle(RATIO_20)*180/pi;
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------% PLOTS:
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------subplot(1,3,1)
plot(y(1,:),y(2,:),'r', y(1,:),y(3,:),'g',y(1,:),y(4,:),'b');
grid on;
title('Three phases current');
xlabel('Time [s]'); ylabel('I [A]'); Legend('Phase A','Phase B','Phase C ');
subplot(1,3,2)
plot(y(1,:), abs(IS1),'r', y(1,:), abs(IS2),'g', y(1,:), abs(IS0),'b');
grid on;
title('Magnitude of symmetrical components of currents');
xlabel('Time [s]'); ylabel('I [A]'); Legend('abs(IS1)','abs(IS2)','abs(IS0)');
subplot(1,3,3)
plot(y(1,61:120), ALFA,'r', y(1,61:120), BETA,'g');
grid on;
title('ANGLES: ALFA, BETA');
xlabel('Time [s]'); ylabel('Angle [deg]'); Legend('ALFA','BETA');
end.

Presented by: INDRAJEET PRASAD, SHIVANANDA PUKHREM, JOAN JIMIENEZ ANGELE

POWER SYSTEM FAULT

PROJECT NO-4

4. GRAPHICS RESULTS:
Graphics result from IIIA :

Description:
This graphics shows the results from the file named as IIIA.pl4. It depicts
that in the first graphics a fault it is detected in one of the phases.
Because the red color we know that is the phase A. So that is the only
information that we can get in the first one. The next step as we had in
the theory we analyze the symmetrical components. The blue one its the
zero sequence is different than 0, moreover we know that the ground is
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Presented by: INDRAJEET PRASAD, SHIVANANDA PUKHREM, JOAN JIMIENEZ ANGELE

POWER SYSTEM FAULT

PROJECT NO-4

involved in the fault. So the last step to recognize the kind of fault so we
must analyze the alpha and beta parameters, they are 0 it means that
the fault is:

Hence, there is fault between phase A ground.

Presented by: INDRAJEET PRASAD, SHIVANANDA PUKHREM, JOAN JIMIENEZ ANGELE

POWER SYSTEM FAULT

PROJECT NO-4

Graphics result from IIIB.pl4 :

Description:
Following the same criteria as before we can say that this time in the fault are
involved only two phases, being C and B phases involved. From the second
graphic we get that we have 0 for the zero sequence so the ground in not
involved. The last step is to identify beta and alpha parameter so alpha is 180 so:

Hence, there is fault in between phase B and C.

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Presented by: INDRAJEET PRASAD, SHIVANANDA PUKHREM, JOAN JIMIENEZ ANGELE

POWER SYSTEM FAULT

PROJECT NO-4

5.CONCLUSION:
A fault in an electric power system is studied in this project through MATLAB
programming.
Any abnormal flow of electric current in an electric power system is considered as
a fault.
In this particular project the fault is occurred between two phases B and c and
phase A to Ground also.

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Presented by: INDRAJEET PRASAD, SHIVANANDA PUKHREM, JOAN JIMIENEZ ANGELE