Tom Furnival

Chemistry Unit 6: Synoptic Paper

May 4, 2009

Synoptic Paper
Time allowed: 2 hours
Q1.
Benzedrine is the name of a drug originally used as a nasal decongestant. shows a route by which the drug benzedrine may be prepared from benzene. The reaction scheme below

a) i)
Give the reagents and conditions for the conversion of benzene to 1-phenylpropane in

Step 1.
[2]

ii)

Write an equation for the reaction.

[1]

b)

Step 2 produces 1-phenyl prop-1-ene, which has two dierent isomers.

Draw and name them both.

[4]

Tom Furnival

Chemistry Unit 6: Synoptic Paper

May 4, 2009

c) i)
Name compound

X and draw its displayed formula.

[2]

ii)

State the reagents and conditions needed to convert compound

X to benzedrine.

[2]

d)

Benzedrine is a racemic mixture of amphetamine.

i)

What is the systematic name of benzedrine?

[1]

ii)

What is meant by the term racemic?

[2]

iii)

Draw two possible isomers of benzedrine.

[2]

e)

A sample of benzedrine was analysed using infrared spectroscopy. Using Table 3.3 in the determine which peaks will appear and which bonds are responsible for them.

Book of Data,

[3]

Total: 19 marks

Tom Furnival

Chemistry Unit 6: Synoptic Paper

May 4, 2009

Q2. a)
Using a Born-Haber cycle, calculate the lattice energy of potassium chloride, KCl. Give your answer to 3 signicant gures.

[5]

b) i)
From Table 5.9 in the chloride? [1]

Book of Data, what is the theoretical value for the lattice energy of potassium

ii)

How does the value from (bi) dier from the value you found in (a)? Use Fajan's rules to suggest why this is the case.

[3]

Tom Furnival

Chemistry Unit 6: Synoptic Paper

May 4, 2009

c)

Three unlabelled bottles are known to contain solutions of either potassium chloride, potassium bromide and potassium iodide. Describe an experiment you might carry out in order to identify the solutions, stating any results you would expect.

[4]

d) i)
Bromine is reacted with hot sodium hydroxide solution . Balance the reaction below

Br2(l) + NaOH(aq) NaBr(aq) + NaBrO3(aq) + H2 O(l)

[2]

ii)

Why is known as a disproportionation reaction?

[1]

iii)

Sodium bromate, NaBrO3 , is strong oxidising agent used industrial processes such as dyeing. Dene what is meant by the term oxidising agent.

[2]

Total: 18 marks

Tom Furnival

Chemistry Unit 6: Synoptic Paper

May 4, 2009

Q3.
The diagram below shows possible reactions involving an organic compound

A.

a)

Compound

contains only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

On complete combustion, 0.74g of

produced 1.76g of CO2 and 0.9g of H2 O. The mass spectrometer parent ion peak is at 73.0. What is the molecular formula of

A?

[3]

b)

Compound

is formed by heating

over an aluminium oxide catalyst. Given that

bromine water, draw a possible displayed formula for

C.

decolourises

[1]

Tom Furnival

Chemistry Unit 6: Synoptic Paper

May 4, 2009

c)

When compound

was reacted with a suitable reagent, compound

was formed. The pH of

was

found to be 4.8.

i)

Name a suitable reagent and conditions for this reaction. [2]

A and E are warmed gently in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid, compound D will be formed.
If compounds

ii)

What is this process called? [1]

iii)

Name compound

D.

[1]

d)

Converting compound

B to compound A also produces a salt, sodium bromide.

i)

State the type and mechanism of this reaction.

[2]

ii)

Draw the displayed formula for

B.

[1]

Total: 11 marks

Tom Furnival

Chemistry Unit 6: Synoptic Paper

May 4, 2009

Q4.
Iron is one of the most useful materials in the world, used in construction, ships, cars and railways to name but a few. However, it is prone to rusting, which is a redox process.

a)

Using items 23 and 53 from Table 6.1 in the

Book of Data,

write the cell diagram for the rst step of

the rusting process. Calculate Ecell for this reaction.

Ecell :...................................V [2]

b)

What does your value for Ecell tell you about the extent and rate of this reaction under standard conditions?

[2]

Iron (II) ions are readily oxidised to iron (III) ions, which in aqueous solution form a complex with water molecules:

[F e(H2 O)6 ]3+ .

This ion is shown below.

c)

What type of ligand is water in this complex ion?

[1]

d)

This ion displays acidic properties. Write an equation for the equilibrium set up when an ion donates a proton to a molecule of water, including state symbols.

[F e(H2 O)6 ]3+

[2]

Tom Furnival

Chemistry Unit 6: Synoptic Paper

May 4, 2009

e)

The preparation of sulphuric acid involves reacting sulphur dioxide with oxygen to produce sulphur trioxide.

SO2(g) + 1 O2(g) SO3(g) 2

What is the oxidation number of sulphur in sulphur trioxide, SO3 ? [1] This reaction requires the use of a catalyst, vanadium (V) oxide, V2 O5 . Vanadium (V) oxide acts as an oxidising agent, oxidising sulphur dioxide to sulphur trioxide. It is itself reduced to vanadium (IV) oxide, as shown by the reaction below.

SO2 + V2 O5 SO3 + V2 O4
The vanadium (IV) oxide is then re-oxidised by the oxygen to form vanadium (V) oxide.

1 V2 O5 + 2 O2 V2 O5

f) i)
Write the full electron conguration for vanadium, using s,p,d notation. [1]

ii)

Why is vanadium considered a transition metal? [1]

iii)

What is meant by the term heterogeneous catalyst? [1]

iv)

Suggest why transition metals such as vanadium make good catalysts. [1]

Total: 12 marks

Total for paper: 60 marks