ENGR 202 Evaluation of Experimental Data II: Winter, 2011-12 Laboratory 1: Creating a Tool to Model the Simply-Supported Beam

Overview: The objective of the lab is to build a tool to aid in the design of a simply supported beam that will be used to build a digital scale. This tool will be modified in later labs to help predict other values such as strain gauge resistance, measured voltage from the Wheatstone bridge, etc. so you should take your time and clearly document your code as well as the process you used to select your values. We will use Excel to build the design tool (lifelong learning experience). You should reference the Excel Proficiency Folder for additional constructs, Modeling Equations: A) Identify the equations you will need to calculate the following quantities (see Lecture 1) Write them into your lab notebook and identify units. Area moment of inertia (I) Deflection at center of beam () Stress at center of lower surface of beam () Strain at center of lower surface of beam ()

B) Look up the Youngs modulus and tensile strength of the ABSplus material used in our 3D printer. Record these in your notebook. Keep a hard copy of the data sheet in your notebook. C) Construct an interface where the user can enter these model parameters beam length (l) beam width (b) beam height (h) ABSplus Youngs modulus (E) - see note in Lecture 1 ABSplus tensile strength Weighing scale capacity

In Excel, the parameters can be entered into worksheet cells. Make sure the cells are clearly identified and that the units of the parameters are clearly stated. If you are not familiar with using names in Excel equations, read the help page or listen to your lab instructors introductory lecture. Names can improve the readability of your equations. When you are performing your calculations of deflection, stress, and strain make sure you are being consistent with your units. Avoid mixing millimeters and grams with meters and Newtons, etc.

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ENGR 202 Evaluation of Experimental Data II: Winter, 2011-12 Laboratory 1: Creating a Tool to Model the Simply-Supported Beam
Validation of the Tool and Modeling Equations Calculate the deflection at center of beam, and the stress and strain at center of lower surface of beam. Display the clearly labeled results. Check your model by using the inputs in Table 1, note the test case is not for ABSplus but for Nylon. An example of the output of Dr. Chmielewskis design tool is shown on page 4. Note the use of color code, named variables and conversion to units for computation as well as conditional outputs indicating the status of plastic or elastic deformation as well as the strain gauge limit. Note to get these same values as the table and page 4 convert g to N by N = g* (9.807 / 1000.0)

If you do not get the outputs for the given inputs you need to figure out why before proceeding.
Table 1. Test Case Data Inputs b = 7 mm h = 9 mm l = 120 mm E = 3000 MPa tensile strength = 45 MPa scale capacity = 500 g Outputs I = 4.25E-10 m4 = 0.138 mm = 1.556 MPa = 518.7 or 518.7E-6 4.9035 N

Generating Deflection vs. Mass Plot Find a way to generate the data needed to produce the plot of beam deflection versus mass or weight for the scale capacity chosen. The graph must automatically respond to changes in the input parameters. An example curve is shown on page 3. This is the most difficult section of the assignment. Plan your strategy in your lab notebook before implementing it in software. Will the design work? Compute the aspect ratio to verify that the equations for beam deflection are usable. Note it is important that you choose a reasonable range of deflection (>0.15 mm more is better but not too much max about 3) Compare the beam stress to the material tensile strength. Indicate whether the design is safe the deformation is elastic, not plastic. Compare the maximum strain to the maximum strain of the strain gauge. Try to use a good portion of the strain gauges range (few %).

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ENGR 202 Evaluation of Experimental Data II: Winter, 2011-12 Laboratory 1: Creating a Tool to Model the Simply-Supported Beam

Example Deflection Curve for parameters shown in Table 1

Theoretical Deflection Curve
0.16 0.14 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02

Deflection (mm)

Applied mass (g)

0.00

Design for your beam After you have generated and validated your tool, use the values for ABSplus and pick a set of values for l and b. Make sure that we are operating in elastic region, the gauge limit is not exceeded, you have a safety factor and the deflection is reasonable. Select two possible sets of values you will get to choose which set next week.

Deliverable for this lab Show your beam model to your TA before leaving the lab and ensure the data on last page (page 5) is filled in with proper units, signed and collected by the TA

100

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600

cal curve

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ENGR 202 Evaluation of Experimental Data II: Winter, 2011-12 Laboratory 1: Creating a Tool to Model the Simply-Supported Beam
Design Parameter length width (b) height (h) Young's modulus Tensile strength capacity grams capacity N (computed) Strain Limit of gauge Computed Values Name value units m^4 m Pa strain value 425.250 0.13837037 1.556666667 518.889 13.33 28.9 1.7 35.4 units mm^4 mm Mpa micro_strain normalized normalized epsilon/SL N/m symbol name In delta sig epsilon Spec values, units 120 7 9 3.00E+00 4.50E+01 5.00E+02 4.9035 3.00E-02 mm mm mm GPa Mpa g N strain Parameter (m, Pa, N) 0.12 0.007 0.009 3.00E+09 4.50E+07 5.00E+02 4.9035 3.00E-02 m m m pa pa g N strain Parameter Name l b h E TS cap P Strain_L

inertia 4.253E-10 max def 0.0001384 stress 1556666.7 strain 0.0005189 aspect ratio (long 2 short) Safety factor TS/Beam stress Percentage of strain gauge Apparent Stiffness Calibration Curve Table Mass (g) 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Force (N) 0.00 0.49 0.98 1.47 1.96 2.45 2.94 3.43 3.92 4.41 4.90

Deflection (mm) 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.14

Status:

safe -elastic deformation

FALSE

Strain Gauge Limit exceeded

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ENGR 202 Evaluation of Experimental Data II: Winter, 2011-12 Laboratory 1: Creating a Tool to Model the Simply-Supported Beam
Laboratory Section Number:_________________________________ Lab Group Names: 1)__________________________________________________________________ 2)__________________________________________________________________ 3)__________________________________________________________________

Item Verification of output using Table 1

Comment or values

TA Initial

Deflection curve adapts to change of parameters Selection of b and h case I Max load: _________________ b= _________________ h = _________________ Max deflection: _______________ Strain within limits yes/no Strain value_________ Elastic deformation not exceeded Selection of b and h case II Max load: _________________ b= _________________ h = _________________ Max deflection: _______________ Strain within limits yes/no Strain value_________ Elastic deformation not exceeded

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