Action Plan WB

National Horticulture Mission Action Plan for West Bengal
Darjeeling Jalpaiguri Coochbehar North Dinajpur
South Dinajpur
Malda
Mursidabad Birbhum
Nadia Burdwan Purulia Bankura Hooghly Howrah Midnapur West Midnapur East Kolkatta South 24 Parganas North 24 Parganas
Prepared by Rabo India Finance Pvt. Ltd
for Ministry of Agriculture Government of India September 2005
NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal
Table of Contents
1. Introduction3 2. Horticulture in West Bengal ..5 3. Demand Supply situation of horticultural in West Bengal . 14 4. Market Linkages...17 Food Parks AEZs Mandis Processing units Cold storages
5. Selection of Crops for intervention and rationale23 6. Prioritization of crop clusters 25 7. Recommended Action Plan for 2005-06..26 8. Annexure I: Summary plans for three years 45 9. Annexure II: Crop Clusters 49
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Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Background Rabo India was appointed by Ministry of Agriculture to review action plan submitted by the state. Ministry of Agriculture circulated operational guidelines to the States detailing Mission objectives, structure, procedures for approval and implementation, ongoing schemes, mission intervention and management and overall targets under NHM. Based on the guidelines, states have submitted their reports. The objective of the review is to develop a demand driven approach for horticultural products. The review included the following: Identification of Market linkages of production areas in each of the states with o o o o o Agri Export Zones Food Parks Existing processing facilities Terminal Markets Existing mandis
Mapping of production clusters of various horticultural crops with markets Prioritization of crops and clusters Identification of quality and varietal issues as per the market needs Identify missing links between farmers and processors, traders and retailers
1.2 Methodology Rabo Bank discussed the initial plan with state horticulture department. It was followed by collection of data for mapping market linkages (Food Parks, AEZs, Processing facilities, pack houses, cold storages, mandis). Rabo Bank held discussions with other stakeholders including processors with facilities in the state and traders in mandis. Rabo Bank used its existing databases and international network to have detailed discussion with the processors operating in the state to analyze problems related to Fruits and Vegetable processing, sourcing, infrastructure and regulation governing the state. Rabo Bank also interacted with researchers and scientists of renowned Agricultural Universities operating in the State, taking a cross reference on the cultivation technique, possibility and nature of the intervention sought. 1.3 1.3 Guiding Principals under NHM
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The horticulture sector has contributed significantly to GDP in agriculture. The objectives of the National Horticulture Mission is to double the horticulture production by 2011-12. The Mission will focus on select crops and few districts in the state, concentrating resources in select districts for overall Horticultural development. The objective is to bring select crops and districts in prominence in the state horticultural map. The Mission would adopt an end-to-end approach covering production, post harvest management, processing and marketing to assure appropriate returns to growers/producers; promote Research and Development (R&D) of technologies for production, post-harvest management and processing in potential belts/clusters; Enhance acreage, coverage, and productivity in potential belts/clusters; Adopt a coordinated approach and promote partnership, convergence and synergy among R&D, processing and marketing agencies in public as well as private sectors, at all levels; promote, where appropriate, National Dairy Development Board model of cooperatives to ensure support and adequate returns to farmers; Facilitate capacity-building and Human Resource Development. State and substate level structures will be evolved, keeping in view the need for getting adequate returns for the produce of the farmers and eliminating middlemen to the extent possible.
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Chapter Chapter 2 Horticulture in West Bengal

2.1 Background West Bengal is located between 21031 and 27014 N latitude and 85051 and 890 E longitudes. It is flanked by the Bay of Bengal in the south, Sikkim on the north, Assam on the east and Jharkhand and Orissa on the west. It covers an area of 8.85 million ha, representing only 2.7% of the total area of the country. The State is divided into 19 administrative districts, viz, Bankura, Birbhum, Burdwan, Kolkata, Coochbehar, Darjeeling, Hooghly, Howrah, Jalpaiguri, Malda, Midnapore-East, Midnapore-West, Murshidabad, Nadia, North 24 Parganas, North Dinajpur, Purulia, South 24 Parganas and South Dinajpur. The economy of West Bengal is well diversified and according to the economic survey 2003-04 West Bengal contributes 7.7% to National NDP. Agriculture in West Bengal contributes 24% of State GDP and employs 57% of total workforce. The State is situated in the heart of fertile Gangetic delta and thus comprise of high geographical diversity with six agro climatic zones. The Net sown area is 61% of total Geographic area against national average of 46%, the Gross cropped area exceeds 92 lakh hac with cropping intensity of 171%. Small and marginal farmers account for 92% of total farmer population and owns 70% of net cultivated land. Irrigation covers 45% of net cropped area, however there is a high reliance on monsoons. West Bengal is the highest producer of vegetables in the country and seventh in the production of fruits. Horticultural crop covers 21% of net cultivable area in the State. 2.2 Physiography Greater part of the State (two-third of its total geographical area) consists of a flat or gently undulating alluvial plain with an elevation below 30 meters. The western part of the State consists of uplands where part of the crystalline rocks from Chotanagpur plateau of Jharkhand extends. The extreme north of the State is comprised of steep hilly area and is a part of the Himalayan mountain ranges. The flat alluvial plains begin from the foothills of the Himalayas and extend up to the Bay of Bengal. It is divided by the River Ganges into north and south plain lands. Plain lands are found in Siliguri sub-division of Darjeeling district and in the districts of Jalpaiguri, Coochbehar, North Dinajpur, South Dinajpur, Malda, Murshidabad, Nadia, North 24 Parganas, South 24 Parganas, Howrah, Hooghly and in part of the districts of Burdwan, Midnapore, Birbhum and Bankura. 2.3 Soil Biodiversity
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The soil of West Bengal is classified into seven units, viz. (a) Brown Forest, (b) Terai & Teesta Alluvium, (c) Vindhya Alluvium, (d) Gangetic Alluvium, (e) Red & Laterite, (f) Gravelly and (g) Coastal and coastal saline. 2.4 2.4 Climatic Diversity According to the geographic locations, temperature and precipitation of different soil zones, the climate in those zones also shows a wide diversity from sub-humid, humid subtropics to temperate depending upon the temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, geographical location and altitude. Climatologically, there are three regions: Tropical humid, Tropical Moist humid, and Tropical sub-humid. Eastern Midnapore and 24Parganas-S comes under Tropical humid; 24-Parganas-N, Hooghly, Bardhaman, Nadia, Murshidabad and Malda comes under Tropical Moist humid and West Midnapore, Purulia, Bankura, West Burdwan and Birbhum comes under Tropical Dry sub-humid climatic regions. Temperature and moisture indices of these climatic zones are: 5.5-13 and <2050, 3.5-17 and 1-20, and 6.0-15.0 and < 1 respectively. There is scope for cultivation of diversified horticultural crops harvesting the wide climatic diversity in different geographical regimes. 2.5 2.5 Availability of Water Resources It is normally believed that West Bengal has immense natural underground water reserves, river systems and wetlands. But their distribution differs with different climatic zone. These differences are easily visualized in Western plateau, Sunderbans and the Northern Hills. Differences occur in net ground water balance as well as in surface water. It may be presumed that during the last two decades the recharging capacity did not increase but drafting has enormously increased due to growth of population and rapid expansion of agriculture and industrial activity. There is wide variation in the surface water distribution in different districts. To distribute surface water for irrigation and other purposes, Dams and barrages have been constructed over Barakar, Konar, Damodar, Mayrakshi and Kangshabati. Canal irrigation is the main source for most of the irrigated districts. 2.6 Crops & Cropping Seasons There is a wide diversity of horticultural crops grown in West Bengal. Major crops are fruits and nuts, vegetables, spices, plantation crops, medicinal and aromatic plants, flowers and ornamentals. Important fruits are: mango, pineapple, banana, papaya, mandarin orange, sweet orange, guava, jackfruit, lichi and sapota, watermelon, pear, avocado, cherry, peach, strawberry, passion fruit, plum, Jam/Black Plum/Java Plum, Parsimon, Jamrul/Rose Apple. Common vegetables (excluding potato) are: tomato, cabbage, cauliflower, radish, carrot, pea, brinjal, onion, garlic, ladies finger (okra, bhendi), palwal, cucurbits (gourd, cucumber, bitter gourd, bottle gourd, sponge gourd, pointed
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gourd, squash), French bean, leafy vegetables (spinach, amaranthus, Ipomoea), elephant foot yam, taro (arvi), turnip, beet, brussels sprout, tapioca, etc. Common spices are: turmeric, chilli, red & green pepper, ginger, large cardamom, coriander, black pepper, etc. Common plantation crops are: cashew nut, coconut, areca nut, palmera palm, betel vine, etc. Common flowers are: rose, chrysanthemum, tuberose, gladiolus, Chinese rose, jasmine, Arabian jasmine (bel, mallika), Italian or Royal jasmine (chamelli), Cape jasmine (gardenia), holihoc, lotus, anthurium, eucharis, garbera, caladium begonia, and gloriosa, freesia, of lilies, zepheranthes, haemanthus, different types orchids,
rhododendrons, camellia, etc. Although West Bengal has a wide diversity of medicinal plants but very little of them is under cultivation. Plants that are now being cultivated (excluding cinchona) include sarpagandha, ashwagandha, ghritakumari, ayapana, anantamul, antamul, chirata, etc. Hardly any aromatic plant is in cultivation except lemon grass and Citronella. Area and production of major horticultural crops in West Bengal are given in Exhibit 2.A. Exhibit 2.A. Area and Production of major horticultural crops in West Bengal (2003-2004) Crop Vegetables Fruit Coconut Betel vine Areca nut Cashew nut Flower (excluding hill area) Spices Area (000 ha) 859.866 160.989 30.562 19.148 10.236 9.711 17.328 96.405 Production (000 MT) 10918.851 2016.081 4007.392 Lakh nuts 139.486 lakh mote 19.116 9.569 Loose-43.575, Cut-87.666 crore spike 211.113
Exhibit 2.B Major Production area and anticipated production (2003-2004) of important fruits in West Bengal Fruit crop Period availability Mango Pineapple Banana Papaya May-June AprilNovember Year round Year round 25.733 8.481 502.111 245.67 of Area 000 ha. 67.763 11.852 in Annual Production (000 tons) 405.958 342.59 Malda, Murshidabad, Nadia, Hooghly, 24-Parganas (north) Siliguri, Jalpaiguri and Chopra area of N. Dinajpur Hooghly, 24Parganas (south), Nadia, Murshidabad Hooghly, 24-Parganas N&S, Nadia, Murshidabad Major Production Areas
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Mandarin orange Guava Jackfruit Litchi Coconut Sapota Cashewnut
DecemberFebruary JulySeptember June-August May/June Year round May-June
3.508 9.003 10.424 6.551 30.562 3.692 9.711
33.056 133.785 143.471 55.67 4007.392 lakh nut 43.263 9.569
Darjeeling Hills Murshidabad, 24 Parganas-S Jalpaiguri, Coochbehar Murshidabad, Malda, Nadia, 24 Parganas-S 24 Parganas-N, Medinipur 24 Parganas-S Medinipur-East Exhibit 2.D Area (000 Hac)
Exhibit 2.C Production (000 MT)

Mandarin Orange, 33.1 Other Citrus, 48.8 Sapota, 43.3 Temperate Fruits, 26.5 Others, 35.2 Papaya, 245.7 Banana, 502.1 Guava, 133.8 Mango, 406
Litchi, 55.7 Jackfruit, 143.5
Jackfruit, 10.4 Pineapple, 11.8 Banana, 25.7
Litchi, 6.5
Mandarin Orange, 3.5 Other Citrus, 6.1 Sapota, 3.7 Temperate Fruits, 2.3 Others, 5.6 Papaya, 8.5
Pineapple, 342.6
Guava, 9 Mango, 67.8
(2003Exhibit 2.E Major Production area and Production (2003-2004) of important vegetable crops in West Bengal (excluding potato) Crop Period of Area in availability 000 ha. Tomato Cabbage Cauliflower Radish Pea Brinjal February-April SeptemberMarch (in the Plains) Nov-March (in the Plains) OctoberFebruary (in the Plains) January-March (in th Plains) Year round 47.631 70.697 63.741 34.659 24.589 145.67 Annual Production (000 tons) 748.605 1830.45 1649.377 445.052 114.524 2661.604 Major Production areas Nadia, 24 Parganas N&S 24 Parganas, Nadia, Bardhaman, Murshidabad, Hooghly 24 Parganas, Nadia, Bardhaman, Murshidabad, Hooghly 24 Parganas, Nadia, Bardhaman, Murshidabad, Hooghly 24 Parganas-N, Nadia, Hooghly Hooghly, Bardhaman,
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Onion Ladys finger
March-April AprilNovember
16.025 62.46
173.144 652.798
Nadia Hooghly, Burdhaman 24 Parganas, Nadia Bardhaman, Hooghly, Murshidabad
Exhibit 2.F Production (000 MT)
Exhibit 2.G Area (000 Hac)

Tomato, 47.6
Watermelon, 187.8 Radish, 345 Ladyfinger, 652.8 Onion, 173.1 Cucurbits, 1693.2
Others, 591.2 Tomato, 748.6 Cabbage, 1839.4
Cabbage, 70.7 Others, 172.9 Watermelon, 18.1 Radish, 34.8 Ladyfinger, 62.5 Onion, 16 Cucurbits, 158.1 Cauliflower, 63.7 Peas, 24.6 Sweet Potato, 25.8 Beans, 18.5 Brinjal, 146.5
Cauliflower, 1649.4 Peas, 114.5 Sweet Potato, 190.5 Beans, 71.6
Brinjal, 2661.6
In Floriculture area Coverage West Bengal ranks 3rd in the Country. Present export of flowers from the State is valued at 74.8 Lakhs, with cut flower export of 6.4 lakh stems. The focus is on Rose, Gerbera and traditional flowers development and the target exporting destinations are Sharjah, London, Singapore, Netherlands, Thailand and New York. Exhibit 2.H Area and Production of Flowers in Key Districts in West Bengal Districts Area Darjeeling Nadia North 24Pgs South 24Pgs Howrah Paschim Midnapur 2002-2003 Production +0.162 tn. 3049 10.682 895 409 6.248 1.84 Crore 5100 Crore 965 Crore spike/Bud 340 Crore 1458 2224 Spike/Bud+8.166 tn. Spike/Bud+2.199 tn. +1.591 tn. 1547 5.087 2129 6.146Crore Spike/Bud+5.676 tn. Spike/Bud+3.562 tn. 2003-2004 Area Production 17.033 Crore Spikes/Bud spikes/buds spikes/buds +0.244 tn. loose flowers. 21.81Crore 7.134 1.612 crore +14.653 tn. loose flower. +2.068 tn. loose flower. crore-spikes/bud +1.292 tn. loose flower. 7.68 crore spike/buds +4.039 tn. loose flower. 6.608 crore spikes/buds +6.144 tn. loose flower.
1329 17.8 Crore Spike/Bud 1156
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Purba Midnapur 4302 22.397 Others Total 210 0.766 flowers 13870 103.949 tonne
Crore 5114 loose 971 Crore 17328
20.49 4.38 86.756
crore crore crore
spikes/buds spikes/buds spikes/buds
Spike/Bud+10.941 tn.
+12.32 tn. loose flower. +2.815 tn loose flower +43.575 tn. loose flower.
Spikes/Buds +33.06 tn. Exhibit 2.I Area Coverage
Analysis of Important horticultural crops are as follows; Mango Total area under cultivation is 67760 hac with a production of 406000 tonnes The key growing districts are Malda, Mursidabad, North 24 Parganas, Hoogly, Burdwan, East Midnapore Proposed new areas are Purulia and Bankura Key varieties are Langra, Fazli, Laxhman Bhog, Gopal Bhog, Himsagar, Amrapali, Aswina Key Issues: Local cultivars, varietal improvement requirement and marketability to be explored Potential Returns Rs. 40000 to Rs. 50000 per hac. Pineapple Total area under cultivation is 11852 hac with a production of 342590 tonnes The key growing districts are Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, North Dinajpur Proposed new areas are Siliguri and Darjeeling area Key varieties are Giant Kew and Queen Key Issues: Mostly rainfed, ratoon crop can lead to yield loss, black rot disease Potential Returns Rs 30000 to Rs 35000 per hac. Orange
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Total area under cultivation is 10000 hac with a production of 81890 tonnes The key growing districts are Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri Proposed new areas are Birbhum, Purulia and Bankura for sweet orange and Nagpur Mandarin Key varieties are Darjeeling Orange, Kinnow, Washington Navel, Malta Key Issues: Planting material of high yielding variety is of major constraint Potential Returns Rs. 40000 to Rs. 50000 per hac. Banana Total area under cultivation is 25700 hac with a production of 502100 tonnes The key growing districts are Jalpaiguri, Nadia, Mursidabad, North 24 Parganas, Hoogly Key varieties are Kanthali, Chatim, Champa, Giant Governor, Robusta, Martaman (Sabri), Singapuri Key Issues: Non availability of saplings, Lack of adequate tissue culture facilities, low yield, Disease panama wilt Potential Returns Rs. 45000 to Rs. 50000 per hac. Guava Total area under cultivation is 9000 hac with a production of 133700 tonnes The key growing districts are Jalpaiguri, West Midnapore, North 24 Parganas, Bankura, Purulia Key varieties are Allahabad Safed, Banarasi, Chittidar, Harija, Baruipur, KG Key Issues: Lack of volume for processing, taken as a secondary crop, Mostly rainfed, Disease fusarium wilt Potential Returns Rs 35000 per hac. Onion Total area under cultivation is 16000 hac with a production of 173000 tonnes The key growing districts are Hoogly, Malda, Nadia, North 24 Parganas, Murshidabad, West Midnapore (cultivated across the state) Key varieties are Nashik Red, Pusa Red, Red Globe Key Issues: Lack of post harvest infrastructure in case of preservation and irradiation Returns Rs. 35000 to Rs. 40000 per hac.* Tomato Total area under cultivation is 47600 hac with a production of 748600 tonnes The key growing districts are Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, North Dinajpur, Nadia, Purulia, Bankura, 24 Parganas, Malda, Murshidabad, Coochbehar Key varieties are Rupali, Rashmi, Rajni, Pusa Ruby, Pusa Early Dwarf, Pusa 120, Roma, Avinash Key Issues: Post harvest handling, transportation and marketing are important constraints Returns Rs. 40000 to Rs. 45000 per hac. Cole Crops (Cabbage, Cauliflower)
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Cabbage: Total area under cultivation is 70690 hac with a production of 1839000 tonnes Cauliflower: Total area under cultivation is 63700 hac with a production of 1649000 tonnes The key growing districts are Nadia, Murshidabad, Coochbehar, Dinajpur, 24 Parganas Key varieties cabbage are Golden acre, Pride of India, Pusa Drum head, Green Express Key varieties cauliflower are Pusa Dipali, Daina, Kalimpong, Pusa Snowball, Himani Key Issues: Lack of good seedling, availability of pesticide and IPM, post harvest infrastructure Returns Rs 30000 per hac. Coastal region comprise of 12779 Sq. Km. (14.5% of total area) The main districts covered are South 24 Parganas (Sundarban), North 24 Parganas (Basirhat), East Midnapore (Contai & Tamluk) & South Howrah Chili Total area under cultivation is 14400 hac (54700) with a production of 23600 tonnes (68900) in the coastal districts Key Varieties- Patnai, Sagarsundari, Pusa Jwala, G-1, NP-46 Key Issues: requirement of nursery and planting material Potential Returns Rs. 10000 per hac. Water Melon Total area under cultivation is 4800 hac (18000) with a production of 59400 tonnes (187700) in the coastal districts Key variety- Sugar Baby Key issues: Day neutral varieties required, assistance for seeds and transportation required Potential Returns Rs. 15000 per hac.* Cashew Total area under cultivation is 9700 hac with a production of 9500 tonnes The key growing districts are Jalpaiguri, 24 Parganas, Burdwan, Birbhum, Bankura Key variety Vengurla 4, Jhargram 1, DC 5, Ullal 3 Key Issues: Requirement for good cultivar and replacement of senile cultivation Potential Returns Rs. 15000 per hac. Betel Vine Total area under cultivation is 15700 hac with a production of 13000 tonnes Important cash crop for West Bengal, generates Rs. 100 crore in annual revenue Key varieties are Bangla, Satchi Mitha Potential returns Rs. 75000 / hac. Spice (Turmeric) Total area under cultivation is 13800 hac with a production of 25500 tonnes
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Key growing districts are Mursidabad, Nadia, Jalpaiguri, Burdwan and North 24 Parganas Key Varieties- Kasturi, C-11, C-324, CN-73 Key Issues: requirement of nursery and planting material Potential Returns Rs. 20000 per hac. Flowers Total area under flower production is 17300 hac in the state with a production of Production of loose flowers is about 43,575 MT and cut flowers about 8,766.6lakh in numbers The Key cultivation areas are Nadia, North 24 Parganas, Midnapore, Burdwan, Jalpaiguri, Hoogly and Siliguri Key crops taken are Rose, Gladiolus, Tuberose, Gerbera, Carnation, Anthurium, Chrysanthemum, Aster and Orchids Key issues: availability of planting material, post harvest facilities and market infrastructure Potential Returns cut flowers Rs. 70000 per hac. Loose flowers Rs. 40000 per hac. Summary of Key issues Associated with State Horticulture Low productivity and use of public bred varieties Explore introduction of superior varieties (e.g. alphonso in mango) Senile plantation in case of fruits Need for post harvest handling training, resulting in high shelf life Large number of intermediaries with low return to farmers Information dissemination in terms of lack of knowledge to plan production Uplands of Bankura, Purulia and Birbhum predominantly paddy monoculture High wastage due to lack of storage and transportation infrastructure Predominantly wet markets, vegetables are sold in local haats (2925 rural haats)
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Chapter 3 Demand Supply Situation of Horticulture in West Bengal

The State average of cultivable area is above 60%. Forest is the second large land use occupying 20% area. The agricultural land is fragmented and interspersed by homesteads, water bodies and other vegetation classes. Analysis shows that maximum possible area in the major districts is already under cultivation and very little scope is left for horizontal growth. Land holding pattern in West Bengal has its own advantages and limitations. Current land holding pattern is given in Exhibit 3.A. Small and marginal holding dominate the holding pattern. Here In such holdings there is a limitation for large-scale commercial production of horticultural crops where uniformity of products and desirable quantity is not achieved. Exhibit 3.A Operational Land Holding in West Bengal Size Class Marginal (0-1.0 ha) Small (1-2 ha) (i) Medium (2-4 ha) (ii) Medium (4-10 ha) Large (> 10 ha) Total Holding Nos. (Lakh) 50.03 11.01 3.82 0.60 0.01 65.47 Average holding size (ha) 0.48 1.48 2.74 5.25 175.83
West Bengal is a highly populated State with State average of slightly more than 1000 people/sq. Km. Analysis of the consumption pattern from the NSSO published data is supplied in the Exhibit 3.B. Exhibit 3.B Consumption estimation of West Bengal
1996-97 cereals gram cereal subst pulse & prod milk & prod edible oil vegetables fruits(fresh) fruits(dry) sugar 92213.8 195.2 24.3 8602.3 14900.3 15597.7 25676.5 3130.6 133.9 4919.8 1997-98 100805.0 224.5 22.2 9586.8 16602.6 14633.1 27250.5 24944.9 4420.0 212.5 5760.8 1998-99 107094.3 157.6 63.4 9148.4 18554.9 17607.5 30276.9 32122.9 4323.1 339.1 5894.8 1999-00 131709.9 121.4 21.4 12257.4 20516.5 19896.9 41200.4 41257.6 6421.6 406.0 7300.1 2000-01 121935.4 83.9 94.8 13033.8 20955.0 18809.6 41601.9 40427.5 7067.5 401.6 7798.0 2001-02 119019.9 153.3 51.2 12451.1 25617.1 20754.3 43696.1 48913.6 6925.2 590.2 8001.4 2002-03 CAGR 116875.0 4.0% 156.9 45.8 -3.6% 11.1%
12606.1 6.6% 24172.8 8.4% 23340.0 6.9% 46580.9 13.6% 51087.9 12.1% 7250.5 721.0 7239.6 15.0% 32.4% 6.7%
meat,egg,fish 21730.5
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salt spices beverage etc. food total
906.4 5672.3 14475.5 208179
930.9 5993.7 16688.0 228076
989.8 6487.6 16568.0 249629
1341.2 10784.2 27762.3 320997
1207.7 10517.5 28977.0 312911
1213.6 11016.2 30684.4 329087
1270.8
5.8%
10868.6 11.4% 41240.4 19.1% 343456 8.7%
This shows a CAGR of 12.1 % consumption year on year from a period of 1997 to 2003, if we adjust for the population growth rate of 1.5% the growth in consumption for vegetables is estimated at 10.6%. Similarly the growth in fresh fruit consumption during this period is 15%, adjusted for population growth is 13.5% year on year growth in consumption. To analyse the consumption pattern and link it to the production surplus or deficit regions, we have taken a per capita consumption of vegetables per day for West Bengal at 175 gms and per capita consumption of fruits per day at 45 gms. Exhibit 3. C gives the production and consumption surpluses in the key districts of the state. Exhibit 3.C Production surplus in Fruits and Vegetables in West Bengal Vegetable Present Vegetable Populatio t n Darjeeling 1609172 102786 Jalpaiguri 3401173 217250 Coochbehar 2479155 158356 Uttar Dinajpur Dakhin Dinajpur Malda Murshidaba d Nadia North South 248924286 570039 771765 740130 201726 298965 146581.4 113442.4 244894 120090 98312.6 6647.6 24- 6906689 441165 parganas 5866569 374727 4604827 294133 1042529 1017613 667802 723480 96358.4 75634.3 220576 159662 1503178 96015 3290468 210179 518238 612078 422223 401899 24689.7 54045.9 38086 128551 13396.3 74505.1 124217. 6 84027.7 2441394 155944 296419 140475 40099.9 107927 67827.1 698349 883459 481099 725103 55864.3 40720.1 176062 65116 223555 120769 26430.7 171650 Vegetable s Excess/ Shortfall Fruits t Fruits Fruits Excess/ Productio Shortfall per annum) 145219. 3 120197. 7 24395.9
Requiremen Production (tonnes (tonnes (tonnes per per annum) per annum) annum)
Requiremen n (tonnes (tonnes (tonnes per per annum) annum)
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parganas Howrah 4273099 272944 Hooghly Burdwan 6895514 440451 Birbhum 3015422 192610 Bankura 3192695 203933 Midnapore 9610788 613889 Purulia Total 2536516 162020 7559292 1 4828497 762930 1087097 442337 10968852. 0 6140355 1241614 558997 473208 280317 52440.0 157857.2 41662.3 34253 199733 33595 2003099. 0 761485 534037 341427 49528.3 37732 563234 122783 113258.8 69730 5041976 322056 176945 598137 (95999) 276081 70185.7 82814.5 46512 148930 (23673.7 ) 66115.5 (43528.8 ) (11796.3 ) (18187.0 ) 41875.8 (8067.3)
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Chapter 4 Market Linkages in West Bengal

4.1 Introduction Horticultural crops being perishable in nature, losses in quantity and quality which affects these products between harvest and consumption. Factors like respiration, ethylene production, evaporation, temperature and relative humidity affects the keeping quality of these products. Post harvest facilities from production linking to the market and consumption points helps in the reduction of losses due to wastage. The existing market infrastructure in post harvest facilities like cold storage and the avenues for sale in terms of market and mandi linkages are discussed in detail in the following chapter. Agri export zones are promoted with the objective of promoting exports of agricultural produce from selected areas of productivity prominence, food parks provide an opportunity of increasing processing capabilities in the state, these are two important linkage points which helps in absorption of Fruits and Vegetables for further value addition. 4.2 Food Parks Food Parks were established in the State under the Ministry of Food Processing Industries guidelines during 2000- 2001. There are six Food Parks established in the State, with four of the parks being functional. The Exhibit 4.A maps the food parks and region of sourcing of products for processing. The main commodity of production in the catchment region of the park is highlighted with a comparison of the percentage of production of the commodity to the state production. Exhibit 4.A
Pineapple 231900 tn. (72%) Orange 33000 tn. (100%)
Mango 99400 tn. (24%) Litchi 10000 tn. (18%)

Malda
South Dinajpur
Mango 168200 tn. (41%) Litchi 23700 tn. (42%)
Mursidabad Birbhum
Potato 193400 (3%) Vegetables 1141800 tn. (10.4%)

Nadia
Burdwan Purulia Bankura Hooghly Howrah Midnapur West Midnapur East Kolkatta South 24 Parganas North 24 Parganas
Potato 1227680 tn. (17.7%) Vegetables 2378600 tn. (21%)
Potato 413700 tn. (5.9%) Vegetables 1043600 tn. (9.5%)
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Exhibit 4.B. Status of implementation of the Food Parks

S. No. Implementi ng Agency DFPI&H through WBSFPHD CL Project Cost (Rs. in Crore) Grant Loan sanctioned (Rs. in Crore) Amount Released No. of Units setup Main Item of Production
Location
Status I- WIN has been appointed as the project management consultant. Work in progress 17 companies have already been alloted plots. Fritolay has setup a unit
Malda
16.084
MFPI, GOI 3.87 (grant); RIDF 5.72 Loan
25
Processed Mango, Litchi Processed Potato and other food products Processed fish and other food Products Processed pineapple, orange and other food products Processed Mango, Litchi and vegetables Processed Food Products
Sankrail, Howrah
WBIDC
18.93
MFPI, GOI 4.0 (grant)
11.9
27
Haldia
HAD
28.8
MFPI, GOI 4.0 (grant) Recommended to MFPI; RIDF loan assistance of 7.13
40
HAD has spent 2.03 crore on the project
Siliguri
SIDA Pataka Food Industries Modular Industries Infrastruct ure Ltd.
11.25
Nil
20
Land acquisition in progress
Murshida bad
15.19
Recommended to MFPI;
Nil
60
54 acres of land procured Inability of promoter to mobilize funds, evival initiated
Dankuni, Hoogly
23.86
MFPI, GOI 4.0 (grant)
0.75
4.2 Agri Export Zones There are six Agri Exports Zones in West Bengal, details are shown in Exhibit 4.C. Exhibit 4.C Food Parks in West Bengal Crop Pineapple: Mango: Lychee: Vegetables: Potato: Flowers: Districts Jalpaiguri, Siliguri, Coochbehar, North Dinajpur Malda, Murshidabad Malda, Murshidabad, Nadia, North 25- Parganas North 24 Parganas, Nadia, South 24 parganas, Howrah Hooghly, Burdwan, Howrah, East Midnapore East Midnapore, Siliguri, Jalpaiguri, Nadia
Kolkata is the major center for fruits and vegetable trade, estimated 33% of total arrivals of fruits and vegetables is sent to Bangladesh from the Kolkata market. Goods also move to the neighbouring states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa and Assam and to neighbouring districts from the Kolkata market. There is lot of scope for fresh vegetable exports to the Far East markets especially for products like beans, asparagus, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Leafy vegetables such as Lettuce and spinach, tomatoes and gourds. Similar opportunities exist for exporting a large number of fruits like Pine-apples and Bananas. The main export markets are Russia and other Republic of Common wealth of Independent States, UK, USA, the Middle East & Germany. The position of exports from the Agri Export Zones for the AEZ identified crops is shown in Exhibit 4.D
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Exhibit 4.D Export of produce from AEZ Crop Pineapple Mango Lychee Potato Vegetables Flowers Production 238900 tn. 123700 tn. 33730 tn. 2590480 tn. 2706400 tn. 59.4 crore spikes, 27.4 loose Exports (Rs. in crore) Rs. 2.3 lakh Fresh, processed Rs. 10.9 lakh Rs. 23 crore, processed Rs. 17 crore Rs. 64.5 Lakh Rs. 2.61 Cr. Fresh, 50.2 Lakh Processed Rs. 4.74 Crore Rs. 74.0 Lakh
The AEZ though established and operational are in a nascent stage with scope to increase export from the region. 4.3 Markets and Rural Mandis There is a three-tire marketing system in West Bengal. It includes 2925 rural hats and bazaars, 159 wholesale markets and 40 marginal (terminal) markets. Most of the markets are privately owned. Besides these, there are also hats and bazaars supervised by Panchayat Samities and Regulated Market Committees. There are hardly any infrastructural facilities in the privately owned markets. There are 46 Regulated Market Committees in West Bengal as per West Bengal Agricultural Produce Marketing (Regulation) Act, 1972. Of these, 25 Market Committees have constructed Market Yards of their own. Besides, the responsibility of developing and organizing the infrastructure of 159 Rural Hats and Bazaars is also lying with the Regulated Market Committees. Trading centers are located in District Head Quarters and Sub-Divisional Head Quarters. There are 54 Sub Divisional markets and around 330 markets at the Block level. Fresh Fruits and vegetables are mostly sold through the wet markets in the retail format. Exhibit 4.E shows the main markets for Fruits and vegetables trade in West Bengal.
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Exhibit 4.E
Siliguri Regulated market (Pineapple, Oranges)
English Bazaar Malda (Mango, Litchi)

Malda
South Dinajpur
Mursidabad Birbhum
Munshi Bazaar Asansol (Mango, Vegetables)

Purulia Bankura
Burdwan
Nadia
Mechhua Bazaar: Fruits New Market: Fruits and Vegetables Lake Market: Fruits and Vegetables Jagubabu Bazaar: Fruits and Vegetables Kole Market: Vegetables Posta Bazaar: Vegetables
North 24 Parganas
Hooghly Howrah Midnapur West Midnapur East Kolkatta
South 24 Parganas
4.4 Processing Units The main processed products in the Fruits and vegetables category are Jams, Jellies, Pickles, Sauce, canned sliced fruits and squash, which enjoy domestic preference and exported to the other countries. An export of about Rs. 34 crore 30 lakh of fresh fruits and vegetables, and Rs. 5 crore 67 lakhs of processed fruits was made till Sep.2004 in the year 2004-05. All the three categories of processing industries comprising small, medium and large are required for the sector. Less than 2% of the total produce are processed in the State and there is immense potential to establish food processing industries. The current estimation capacity of these categories of industries are mentioned in Exhibit 4.F. Exhibit 4.F. Distribution of Food Processing Industries
Large Scale units Districts Darjeeling Jalpaiguri Coochbehar Malda Murshidabad Nadia North 24-parganas South 24-parganas Howrah Hooghly Burdwan Birbhum Medinipur Purulia Kolkatta Total
Number Capacity (MT) 0 0 1 1 500 500 0 0 1
Small Scale B
Number 2 Capacity (MT) 500 0 0 250 0 0
Small Scale A
Number Capacity (MT) 0 1 8 100 0 800 0 0
Cottage Scale
Number Capacity (MT) 3 1 8 2 90 30 0 240 60 30 300 750 120 0 30 30 30 30 510
Home Scale B
Number Capacity (MT)
Relabelled
Number 1 Number
Total
Capacity (MT)
7
3 1
5 1 3 2
2500 500 1500 1000 0 0 0 0
1 1
250 0 250 0 0 0 0 0
4 2 1
400 200 100 0 0
1 10 25 4 1 1 1 1 17 75
2 2 2 14 17 6 3 6 2 6 4 37 112
35 15 5 10 10 10 70 85 30 15 30 10 30 20 185 560
5 2 1
13 5 2 20 4 3 39 47 15 6 7 4 7 5 112 289
625 145 505 1800 70 40 3520 1535 2000 1015 60 140 60 50 7195 18760
100 0 0
7 20
3500
10000
10 15
2500
3750
5 22
500
2200
2250
36 45
The capacity utilization varies between 50 to 80 percent depending on the production and availability of raw materials and demand of raw materials outside the State at the peak
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harvesting season. The main constraints in the development of the processing sector are as follows; 1) Institutional finance 2) Marketing of processed products. 3) Availability of required raw materials. Exhibit 4.G Location of processing facilities
No. of Units: 13 Total Capacity: 720 Tn.
South Dinajpur
Malda
Mursidabad Birbhum
No. of Units: 112 Total Capacity: 7720 Tn. No. of Units: 40 Total Capacity: 3790 Tn.
North 24 Parganas
Nadia Burdwan Purulia Bankura Hooghly Howrah Kolkatta South 24 Parganas
Midnapur West Midnapur East
4.5. Cold Storage Units Multipurpose Cold Stores and pack houses have been established near Regulatory market at Malda, here a modified cold store or controlled atmosphere cold store and provision of a refrigerated van transport of flowers and fruits from the field have been provided. The State Government is establishing a cargo complex at Bagdogra (in Siliguri) Airport and at Kolkata International Airport. A cargo complex is also contemplated for the Haldia Port. Cold Storage facilities in the state is mostly utilized for potato storage. Potato production ranges between 70 to 80 lakh metric tonnes. There are 405 cold storages in West Bengal with an estimated capacity of 49.5 Lakh Mt. There are 53 multipurpose storage with estimated capacity of 1.81 Lakh Mt. The capacity utilization is estimated at 65% to 70%. Location and capacity of cold storage in the state is given in Exhibit 4. H.
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Exhibit 4.H Location and capacity of cold storage facilities

No. of Units: 25 Total Capacity: 2,86,524.4 Tn.
South Dinajpur Malda

Birbhum

Mursidabad
Exhibit 4. I. Market linkage for key crops. Domestic market Export Products Market Linkages Food AEZ Mandis* Processing Cold Parks Mango Pineapple Orange Banana Guava Onion Tomato Cauliflower Cabbage Chili Cashew Betel-vine Turmeric Flowers X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Watermelon X X X X X X X X X Units Storages High High High High High High High High High High High High High High High High High Medium Medium Medium High medium medium medium High Low Medium Low Medium High potential Potential Return Farmer (Rs. Hectare) 40000 35000 40000 45000 35000 35000 40000 35000 30000 10000 15000 15000 75000 20000 70000 / to
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Chapter 5 Selection of Crops for Intervention in West Bengal

Basis for the selection of crops for intervention Exhibit 5.A Focus Crop Mango Share of All India Production 6% Increase production to cater to the domestic and export demand Increase exports (fresh and processed) link to AEZs present in the state Improve productivity through replacement /rejuvenation Local traditional varieties have a high demand Guava 8% Consolidate presence in domestic market - improved post harvest practices Increase processing (during off season for better capacity utilisation) and exports Local high consumption and demand Banana 3% Strong local demand, to explore markets in the neighbouring states Can target to be the production hub for the eastern States, preference for the Singapuri and Martaman varieties Pineapple 28% Strong domestic and regional market for sweet oranges from AP. Thrust on exports through improvement in pre and post harvest practices. Consolidate presence in domestic market and increase focus on exports Orange 3% Siliguri and Jalpaiguri known for its orange varieties Caters to State and North East demands Can be propagated to establish a regional brand name Flower 3rd in Production High amount of production in the existing regions Training in cultivation and post harvest required Market development activities have already been taken up to tap the export potential Cashew 9% Rejuvenation assistance for the senile plantation Assistance required for new orchards in the coastal districts Rationale
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Betel Vine
3rd largest producer
High domestic demand High remunerative crop for the farmers, W Bengal can command a leadership position in the category Improve agronomic practices (cultural, post harvest practices) Increase focus on processing and exports
Turmeric (Spice)
5%
Distribution of the selected crops in different districts for area expansion and post harvest intervention is shown in Exhibit 5.B Exhibit 5.B
Name of District Darjeeling Jalpaiguri Coochbehar Uttar Dinajpur Dakhin Dinajpur Malda Murshidabad Nadia North 24-parganas South 24-parganas Hooghly Howrah Burdwan Birbhum Purulia Bankura Purba Midnapore Paschim Midnapore Mango Guava Banana Pineapple Orange Flowers Cashew Betelvine Spice Total
The West Bengal Government has sought intervention assistance for 9 crops covering 10 districts in the State.
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Chapter 6 Prioritization of Crop Clusters in West Bengal

Some of the selected crop clusters with in the selected range of crops are identified as follows 1. Mango Cluster: Mango is an important fruit crop of West Bengal, the State has an existing AEZ in the production zone and has production advantages in regional varieties which can be taken up in the export basket. The existing identified regions are Malda and Mursidabad districts. New areas of red lateritic zones of Purulia and Bankura are identified suitable for production of Himsagar, Langra and Alphonso varieties. 2. Pineapple and Orange Cluster: West Bengal is the largest producer of pineapple in the country, there is an existing AEZ declared for pineapples. The identified districts are Jalpaiguri, and Siliguri sub-division of Darjeeling. The climatic condition is also suited for the production of oranges in these districts. In the proposed intervention assistance is sought for area expansion of these fruits, post harvest facility development and development of market infrastructure. 3. Floriculture Cluster: West Bengal is the third largest producer of flowers in the country. The emphasis is on cut flowers, bulbous flowers, traditional flowers and high end exotic flowers like orchids. The main flowers cultivated are rose, carnation, gerbera, tuberose, jasmine, marigold and hibiscus. Introduction of improved cultivation techniques through area expansion in these crops, intervention for green house, protected cultivation, post harvest assistance and assistance for development of planting material is sought. The identified districts are Nadia, North 24 Parganas, Midnapore West, Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri. 4. Plantation Cluster: Plantation crops like Cashew and Betel vine have a high market potential. West Bengal is the 2nd largest producer of Betel leaves and the trade is estimated at Rs. 100 crore. Development of cashew nuts and cashew nut based multiple cropping systems including Processing and waste utilization is proposed in the in Coastal Zone. The identified districts for this cluster are Purulia, Bankura and West Midnapore. In this cluster assistance for area expansion for the two crops and rejuvenation for old plantation in case of cashew is sought by the State Government. Details of the clusters and requisite facilities under NHM program is furnished in Annexure II.
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Chapter 7 2005NHM Action Plan for 2005-06 for West Bengal

7.1 Production of Planting Materials There is high requirement of quality planting materials for fruits, floriculture plants, ornamental plants, vegetable seedlings and medicinal plants. The establishment of Model Nursery will encourage more nurserymen to come forward for supply of adequate quantity of planting materials of superior quality. 7.1.A Public Sector: The existing nurseries in Govt. farms are under-equipped to generate sufficient planting materials owing to dearth of fund and proper infrastructure. Hence, establishments of Model Nurseries will enable:1 2 3 Revamping the existing backdated nursery units. Accelerate production of planting materials both qualitative and quantitative. Self-sufficiency in availability of planting material for the state. These Model Nurseries will act as demonstration units for nursery growers and encourage them in producing quality planting materials following modern propagation techniques. 4 Restrict use of dubious planting material coming from spurious nurseries to a great extent. Accordingly, under the Public Sector, to fulfill the requirement of growers, as well as, for demonstration purpose of the localities, one Model Nursery of 4 ha. each in each of the following farms are proposed which are currently being utilized for different activities. Exhibit 7.A Name of the Farm State Horticulture Research Station, Krishnagar, Nadia. Horticulture Research & Development Farm, Mohitnagar, Jalpaiguri Horticulture Research & Development Farm, Chinsurah, Hooghly. Horticulture Research & Development Farm,Taldangra, Bankura. Total : 4 72 1 18 1 18 1 18 No. 1 (Rs. in lakhs) Assistance per nursery 18
7.1.B Private Sector: Under the Private Sector 161 Model Nurseries are proposed to meet the demands of planting materials as per following break up, where 50% cost will be borne by the Govt. (limited to Rs. 9 lakhs/nursery). Exhibit 7.B. Sl. No. District Nursery to be established (1 ha) No. of Model Nursery Assistance in Rs. lakhs
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Jalpaiguri Malda Nadia Hooghly Bankura North 24
Fruits, Medicinal plant, Fruits Fruits & Medicinal plants, Flowers. Fruits, Ornamental Semi Arid Fruits, Medicinal plants. Fruits, Flowers, Medicinal. Semi Arid Fruits, Medicinal plants, Flower Fruits, Medicinal Semi Arid Fruits, Flower, Fruits, Ornamental Semi Arid Fruits
10 20 15 18 10 18 10 20 20 20 161
15.0 30.0 22.5 27.0 15.0 27.0 15.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 241.5
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
parganas Birbhum Murshidabad Paschim Medinipur Purulia TOTAL
Rehabilitation 7.2 Rehabilitation of existing Tissue Culture Laboratories In order to produce large scale tissue culture plants, the State Government has invested in the following tissue culture laboratories, these may be further strenghtened; 1. The tissue culture lab. at Krishnanagar state Horticulture Research and Development Station in the district of Nadia, has started production of tissue culture banana plants of improved varieties, viz. Giant governor and robust a. Subsequently it may undertake propagation of potato micro tubers to meet the growing demand of the adjoining potato growing region. An amount of Rs. 17 Lakhs has been invested for establishment of the laboratory which has a capacity of 80,000 plants per year but only 20,000 has so far been realized and with the strengthening the full capacity may be achieved. 2. Tissue culture lab. at Uttar Banga Krishi Viswa-Vidyalaya, in the district of Coochbehar is dedicated to the development of banana, ginger and betelvine, in the region, and needs to be activated further for intensified commercial production of potato, pineapple and gladiolous. Rs. 12 Lakhs has been invested for establishment of the laboratory and has a potential of growing 20,000-25,000 plants per year which may be doubled with proposed financial support. 3. Tissue culture lab. at the North Bengal university situated at Siliguri, (near Bagdogra Airport), has been working mainly on tea and floriculture development. In appreciation of the need to further strengthen floricultural development of Gerbera, Anthurium, Carnation, Gladiolous and orchids, the university has agreed to make available 20 acres of land for development of floriculture units and start training center for entrepreneurship development.
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Availability of infrastructural facilities in the laboratories: The lab. At Krishnanagar has facilities like laminar air flow (2 nos.) for inoculation room, media room, growth room, small size autoclave sterilization and wash rooms, water distillation plant, post-harvest room, a poly green house, modern machineries, tools etc. The lab. At Uttar Banga Krishi Viswa Vidyalaya has facilities like inoculation, media, sterilization rooms, poly green house and modern machineries. The lab. At North Bengal University also has similar facilities as including inoculation, media preparation unit, sterilization rooms, poly green house, hardening chamber, and modern machineries. 7.C. Exhibit 7.C. Rehabilitation of existing Tissue Culture Labs. Sl. No 01. 02. 03. Unit State Horticulture Research & Development Station, Nadia Uttar Banga Krishi Viswa Vidyalalya, Coochbehar North Bengal University, Siliguri, Darjeeling Total 3 24.00 1 8.00 1 8.00 No 1 Fund requirement (Rs. In lakh) 8.00
Private Sector: Among the existing tissue culture Labs. Under the private sector, which are actively participating in tissue culture plantlets production, 4 nos. Labs. have been identified for further strengthening and rehabilitation in the coming year. Details are furnished below. Exhibit 7.D Sl. No Unit Rate (Rs. In Lakh) 50% subsidy (rs in Lakh) 01. Arusha biotech &res. Pvt.ltd. Bc 252 saltlake. 02. Elegant Flower Co. Pvt. Ltd., H.P. Biswas Sarani, Michael Nagar, 8.00 4.00 30 12.0 3.6 25% 8.00 4.00 initial invest ment(L akh) 13 capacity of product ion/yr(L akh) 0.6 presen t produ ction/ yr 0.2 possibl e enhanc ement (%) 30%
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Kolkata-132. 03. Vivekananda Institute of BioTechnology, Nimpith Ashram, South 24Parganas 04. Ashimananda biotech 527 vip nagar tiljala KOLKATA 100 Total Exhibit 7.E. Tissue Culture Labs. Public Sector Private sector Total investment tissue culture Rs. in lakhs 24 16 40 32.00 16.00 8.00 4.00 3.0 0.30 0.15 50% 8.00 4.00 7.5 0.40 0.24 50%
7.3. Establishment of New Garden

7.3.A. FRUITS (Area Expansion) Area expansion is proposed for mango, guava and orange as perennial fruits and banana and pineapple as non perennial fruits. Exhibit 7.F Area expansion for Fruits.
S No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Name of District Darjeeling Jalpaiguri Coochbehar Uttar Dinajpur Dakhin Dinajpur Malda Murshidabad Nadia North 24-parganas South 24-parganas Hooghly Howrah Burdwan Birbhum Purulia Bankura Purba Midnapore Paschim Midnapore Total
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Mango
Guava
Banana
Pineapple 450 450
Orange 400 400
400 400 300 400 400 400 200 200 200 200 500
500 500
200
2500
1200
29
1100
900
800
There is huge scope to increase production and productivity per unit area for the selected fruits to ensure sustainable supply to feed the processing units and market requirements. The varieties to be cultivated MangoGuavaBananaPineappleOrange Papaya Sweet Orange Himsagar, Langra, Amrapali, Mallica, Lakhanbhog, Alphanso, Gopalbhog. L-49, Baruipur, Harija, Allahabad Sofed, Khaja Martaman, Giant governor, Robusta Giant kew, Queen Darjeeling Orange Koorg Honey Dew, Sun Rise -16, CO-1 Mosambi
Flowers 7.3.B Flowers (Area Expansion) West Bengal has the unique advantage for floriculture Industry, and is probably the only state where all types of Agro- Climatic conditions are available. Here all types of horticultural crops can be grown very successfully. Presently, flower crops are cultivated in 17,328 ha. in West Bengal as against 1,06,477 ha on the national level. In terms of coverage, this State ranks 3rd in the country. Production of loose flowers is about 43,575 MT and cut flowers about 8,766.6-lakh in numbers, in West Bengal. On the national level, loose flower production is about 5,34,576 MT and cut flower production is about 25,647lakh numbers. In West Bengal cut flowers are mainly Rose, Gladiolus, Tuberose, Gerbera, Carnation, Anthurium, Chrysanthemum, Aster and Orchids. Rose is an important commercial cut flower. Production and trading of Rose has become a big industry now. In West Bengal, the area covered under Rose is about 1380 ha. and production is about 1793.40 lakh buds. The main growing areas are Purba Midnapur, Paschim Midnapur, Howrah, Nadia, North 24 Pgs. and Siliguri. But there are other potential areas like Burdwan (Durgapur- Asansol belt), Birbhum etc., which are also to be considered. At present, rose has a great demand in the domestic market as well as abroad. The West Bengal State Food Processing & Horticulture Development Corporation Ltd. has been exporting different flowers like Tube rose, Gladiolus, Rose, Gerbera, Anthurium, Cocks comb, Aster, Golden-rod, Marigold etc. to countries like Sharjah, London, Singapore, Netherlands, Thailand, New-York etc. Similarly cultivation of Gerbera and anthurium under protected cultivation is also being practiced by Bandhunagar farm in Siliguri and by various other growers in North & South 24 Parganas and other districts along with Anthurium. The main objective of the FPI&H department is therefore to enhance the development of the flower markets and promote
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area expansion under flower cultivation in different districts. A very modest target has been fixed to bring more area under flower cultivation involving farmers belonging to different economic groups in various districts with a programme to separate for cut flowers, bulbous flowers and loose flowers. Exhibit 7.G. District wise break up of area proposed for flower cultivation and amount required. Name of district Area in ha Small & marginal Cut flower Siliguri Jalpaiguri North 24parganas Nadia Purba Medinipur Total Bulbous flowers Siliguri Jalpaiguri North 24parganas Nadia Paschim Medinipur Total Loose Flower Siliguri Jalpaiguri North 24parganas Nadia Paschim Medinipur Total 250 100 30.0 7.9 37.9 70 30 30 30 8.4 3.5 2.4 2.6 10.8 6.0 50 80 20 10 10 20 6.0 9.6 2.4 0.5 0.8 1.6 6.8 10.4 4.0 250 100 112.5 29.7 142.2 60 30 20 30 27.0 13.5 5.9 8.9 32.9 22.4 50 40 70 10 20 20 22.5 18.0 31.5 3.0 5.9 5.9 25.5 23.9 37.4 40 30 150 20 20 100 14.0 10.5 52.5 4.6 4.6 23.1 23.1 18.6 15.1 75.6 30 20 30 20 20 20 10.5 7.0 10.5 4.6 4.6 4.6 15.1 11.6 15.1 Other Amount required Rs. In lakh Small & marginal Other
Exhibit 7.H. Summary of assistance Floriculture Area Expansion Flowers Small & Marginal Others Total (Rs. in
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lakhs) Cut flowers Bulbous flowers Loose flowers Total: 52.5 112.5 30.0 195.0 23.1 29.7 7.8 60.7 75.6 142.2 37.9 255.7
7.3.C. SPICES AND AROMATIC PLANTS (Area Expansion) Spices in West Bengal offers good scope for area expansion in different season covering the district of Murshidabad, Nadia, 24-Parganas (N), Jalpaiguri and Burdwan. Turmeric is selected by the state Government for area expansion. Exhibit 7. I Turmeric Area & Production in West Bengal West Bengal Turmeric 2001-02 Area in 000 ha. 12.765 Production 000 t. 24.543 2002-03 Area in 000 ha. 13.578 Productio n 000 t. 25.656 2003-04 Area in 000 ha. 13.881 25.531 Production
With the promising local variety Kasturi, C-11, C-324, CN-73 to the spices like Termeric growing districts out here, there is immense scope to propagate this variety. Exhibit 7.J. Districtwise Allocation and Requirement of Fund Sl No Other Spices (Turmeric ) 1 2 3 4 North 24-Pgs Murshidabad Jalpaiguri Nadia Total 100 50 50 30 230 Area expansion assistance ( in lakh) 11.3 5.6 5.6 3.4 25.9 Name of district/ Farm Spices (area in ha.)
7.3.D. Plantation Crops (Area Expansion) 7.3.D.1.Cashew Cashew nut also an important crop in West Bengal. The production is low than other state and the productivity is also low. Cashew nut has got very good market potential and there is huge demand in the market due to high price. It has also very good market potential. The varieties proposed for cultivation are Jhargram-1 and Jhargaram-2.
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7.K. Exhibit 7.K Cashew nut area expansion Name of District Cashew nut Area in ha. Paschim Midnapore Bankura Purulia Total: 7.3.D.2 Betel Vine Betelvine is very important cash crop of West Bengal from which about 5 lakh farming families get their livelihood. About 100 crores is being earned in cash year. It has high medicinal value and possibilities of exportation. Large nos of small and marginal farmers even having small holding are benefited with this crop cultivation and it can be grown in almost all types of soil and coastal climatic environment. Bargla, Satchi Mitha. betelExhibit 7.L. District wise breakup for area expansion of betel-vine Name of Districts Betelvine Area in ha. Paschim Midnapore Bankura Purulia Total 40 20 100 2.3 1.1 5.6 40 requirement of fund in lakhs 2.3 The varieties cultivated are 200 200 700.0 11.3 11.3 39.4 300 Requirement of fund ( Lakhs) 16.9
7.4. Rejuvenation of old orchard In west Bengal most of the Fruit orchards are senile and unproductive for want of appropriate management. The age of the plants is more than 50 years. Rejuvenation work is necessary to protect the crop as well as increase production. The proposed areas for rejuvenation and crops are given in Exhibit 7. M. CashewExhibit 7.M. Area of old orchard Mango & Cashew-nut in different districts Sl No Mango 1 2 Name of District ha Malda Murshidabad 1200 1200 Area in
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3 4
Nadia North 24-parganas Total -
600 400 3400 500 500
Cashewnut
Paschim Midnapore Total-
7.5. Water Resources West Bengal is located centrally in the eastern region of india. It covers a landmass of 88,752 lakh ha. (2.7% of area india) having six-agro climatic zones, yearly average rainfall of 1750 m.m., total cultivable / net cropped area about 54.40 lakh ha. Forty five per cent of the net cropped area is under irrigated, and 50-55% rain fed while and the irrigation potential is very low. The gross cropped area has exceeded 92.80 lakh ha. With a cropping intensity of 171 per cent. The demand for irrigation water in future is destined to multiply with increased crop intensity of improved planting materials, but the escalating and fierce competition from industrial and urbanized domestic use will drastically reduce the very availability of irrigation water for agriculture and horticulture. Comprehensive control and management of rain water, surface water, ground water & soil (water) moisture would be needed for increasing water availability and consequently agricultural & horticulture production. Out of the total rainfall, about 41.25% gets stored as soil moisture, surface flow is about 46.75% and ground water is estimated as 10.75% and rest 1.25% is evaporated. Proposed Project Fund Is Required For Creation Of Water Resources Sources Proposed Project : Community tanks on farm ponds, on farm water reservoir - 30 nos. With use of plastics - 100% assistance @ Rs.10 lakh / unit (10 ha.) X 10 nos. Location: In the undulating red lateritic zone (Purulia, Bankura, Western parts of Birbhum, Burdwan & Paschim Medinipur), two in each district. 7.6. Protected Cultivation Green house cultivation technology has direct relevance to horticultural production in the State. Production of seedling, vegetables, flowers and fruits for both domestic as well as export markets is an essential attribute of a green house hi-technology. It has four important attributes: 1 2 3 4 It is a framed or inflated structure. It is covered by a transparent or translucent material to maintain optimum light levels. Crop micro-climate can be at least partially controlled. It is large enough to permit a person to work inside.
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Green house (High tech and normal) construction have been proposed for the purpose of introduction of year round cultivation with the improvement in quality to permit production of exportable standard of Horticultural Crops.
Exhibit 7.N. Green house Normal Green house District Siliguri Jalpaiguri Nadia Paschim Medinipore Total 8 8 13 5 Hi- tech 1 1 2 4 Area Rate Normal 1 1 2 4 500 125 Fund Hi-Tech 1.625 1.625 3.25 6.50 Hitech 500 sq. mt 325 Rs. per Sq. met Requirement Normal 0.625 0.625 1.25 2.50
Exhibit 7.O. Mulching (7000 per hac) Districts Bankura Purulia Paschim Medinipore Total: Area (Hac) 75 75 25 175 Assistance Required 5.25 5.25 1.75 12.25
Shade (3500 mt.) Exhibit 7.P. Shade Net (3500 per 500 Sq. mt.) Districts Jalpaiguri Nadia North 24-Pgs. Hooghly Paschim Medinipur Total: Area (Hac) 10 50 20 30 20 130 Assistance Required 0.35 1.75 0.7 1.05 0.7 4.55
mt.) Exhibit 7.Q. Plastic Tunnel (5000 per 1000 Sq. mt.) Districts Bankura Purulia Area (Hac) 30 40 Assistance Required 1.5 2
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Paschim Medinipur Total:
30 100
1.5 5
Exhibit 7.R. Fund requirement Protected Cultivation Green house Mulching Shade Net Plastic tunnel Total: 18 12.25 4.55 5 39.8
Rs.in lakhs
7.7. Integrated Pest Management In order to minimize the indiscriminate and injudicious use of chemical pesticides, integrated pest management (ipm) has been enshrined as cardinal principal of plant protection in the overall crop protection programme. Integrated pest management is an eco-friendly approach for managing pest and disease problems encompassing available methods and techniques of pest control such as cultural, physical-mechanical, biological, chemical, host plant resistance / tolerance, regulatory control methods in a compatible and scientific manner. Greater emphasis is now being given on biological control including use of bio-pesticides for quality agriculture and horticultural produces. Annual crop losses due to insect & pests is about 20%, due to diseases 26% and weeds 33% which have been estimated to be about Rs.12.00 crore in the State. It is possible to reduce this level to a great extent by adopting Integrated Pest Management. Most of the major insect pests, diseases and weeds that prevail in epidemic or endemic form in nature, have varies population dynamics in different zones depending on the location, crop sequence and agricultural practices adopted in cultivation. A lot of emphasis is being laid on Bio-intensive Integrated Pest Management (BIPM), which lays major emphasis on conservation and enhancement of natural enemies, and utilization of all compatible methods for achieving effective, economical and safe pest suppression. The most common method for the management of horticultural insect pests is the use of pesticides. Other methods used from time to time are selection of resistant genotype, clean cultivation and sanitation practices, tillage operation including summer ploughing, crop rotation, fertility management (INM) and judicious use of organic manure, adjustment of planting dates selection of variety depending on duration, trap-cropping, inter / mixed cropping with resistance imparting crop, destruction of alternate hosts,
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removal of off types, general weeds and volunteer plants, pruning, defoliation and water management. In the new millennium, concerted efforts should be made to adopt biological suppression based pest management methods including conservation techniques for which research capabilities should be enhanced and transfer of technology strengthened. For export oriented crops, exclusive use of biological suppressants would be encouraged to achieve the production of pesticide residue-free horticultural crops. Proposed Exhibit 7.S. Proposed Fund Requirement
Sl. No. 01.
Proposed Project Promotion of IPM @ 0.01 lakh X 10000 ha
Location All Agri-Export Zone covering thirteen Districts
Purpose Improving horticultural produce both fresh & processed products
Amount Rs. in Lakh 100.00
02.
Establishment of Biocontrol Laboratory @ Rs.80/-lakh / unit x 1 nos.
One in North Bengal AT MOHITNAGAR PINEAPPLE RESEARCH STATION Jalpaiguri, Malda Nadia, Hooghly Purba Medinipore
Mass rearing of natural enemies / bio-agents. Plant diagnostic center will promote adoption of integrated pest Management -do-
80.00
03.
Establishment of Plant health clinics, @ Rs.20/lakh / unit x 5 nos. Establishment of disease forecasting unit @ 4.00 lakh X3 unit
100.00 12.00
04.
Leaf/ tissue analysis @ 20.00 lakh X1
BCKV. Nadia
To analyse leaf tissue for assessment of nutrient uptake
20.00
TOTAL:
312.00
7.8. Organic Farming 7.8.a. Awareness on organic farming: Promotion of organic farming involves educating the farmers about its benefits. The State Governments should take up awareness campaigns and use media. It would first be necessary to familiarize its own officers/ staff with the concept and practices of organic farming. Many NGOs and other agencies have become
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involved in promotion of organic farming. Their assistance/cooperating can be sought to make organic farming popular. The State Governments may take assistance of SAUs/KVKs in developing soil and area specific package of practices, strictly in conformity with the principles of organic farming / or adoption by the farmers in the area. This information could be publicized through all possible means. 7.8.b. Formation of organic farmers group: The farmers with similar farming and
production system should be persuaded to form a farmers group, preferably in the same village with contiguous area. Number of farmers in a group may very depending upon local conditions. Formations of such group will facilitate inspection and certification, monitoring and supervision, etc. 7.8.c. Registration of farmers group with district authorities: The State Govt may do the registration of farmers groups taking up organic cultivation designated district level authority. This authority could be constituted under Department of Agriculture or Horticulture. For registration, only intimation may be prescribed, receipt of which may be acknowledged. This may constitute registration. This State Government should prescribe a proforma for giving intimation. This should include information about individual members, plot number, area & crops to be covered etc. Exhibit 7.T. Requirement of fund for Organic Sl. No. 01. Adoption of Organic Farming @ Rs.0.10 lakh / ha. 02. Vermi-Compost unit @ Rs.0.30 lakh / unit Total: 7.9. HRD Institute Setting up of new Training Institute at South Bengal & North Bengal Training is a major component in transfer of scientific technology to the farmers through well-informed trainees. Large number of trained personnel are required to meet technohorticultural demands in production of propagation materials, scientific cultivation through precision farming and for human resources development in the field of horticultural crops like fruits vegetables, flowers, medicinal and aromatic plants, spices etc. including post harvest technology and processing, There is imperative need to impart composite training to the selected farm people and grass root level field workers about Covering 10 districts 490.00 800 units 240.00 Covering 10 districts Activities Location Physical target 2500 ha. Financial requirement (lakh) 250.00
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improved methods and principle for cultivation of horticultural crops with propagation technique, imparting current information on scope and methods for utilization of local horticulture products, medicinal & aromatic plants, spices and mushroom cultivation which were long felt. There is need to impart practical training to the unemployed farm people for engagement in self employment scheme and mass education. Three training institutes are proposed to be established at Krishnanagar, Siliguri and Bankura. Four categories of trainings will be conducted in those training centers. 7.9.A. 7.9.A. In Service training programme:- These will be conducted for the service personnel of State Development Departments, commercial banks, Commodity Boards when the training may be termed as Trainers Training. The actual training of cost will be levied as course fee + 20% over head charges from sponsoring department /agency. 7.9.B. 7.9.B. Vocational Training Programme:- These trainings are intended for unemployed youths of farmers, and for entrepreneurs to provide knowledge and skill in selected vocations. The course fee will be collected from individual candidates. The anticipated training expenditure will be equally divided among the candidates so that no loss is incurred on account of the training. programme in this category. 7.9.C. 7.9.C. Sponsored Training Programme:- These will include unemployed youths, farmers, women or entrepreneurs sponsored by Govt. or Non-Govt. Organization / agency for training on the intended subjects demanded by the agency or clients. The actual training cost plus 20% overhead charges will be levied from the agency. 7.9.D. 7.9.D. Stipendiary Training:- In cases where the institute stands to benefit from the services of the trainers a monthly stipend sanctioned by the Govt. is paid to the trainers. Exhibit 7.U. Location of training Institutes Sl. No. 1. 2. 3. Location Krishnanagar (Existing one) North Bengal University Campus Siliguri for hill and terai Taldangra, Bankura for Lateritic zone The overhead charge is exempted for training
Exhibit 7.V. Cost Estimation of training Institutes Sl. No. 1 2 Class rooms and laboratories supported by audio-visual aids, study models and educational equipments Library with National & International Books, journals, magazines, periodicals, Publications, CAS and Internet facilities. 3 Hostels. Well furnished hostel accommodation 5.00 5.00 5.00 Cost Heads Rs. in Lakhs
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4 5 6 7
Computer Center Staff salary, vehicle hiring charges Honorarium, T.A. & Stipends Contingency Total : Rs. 99 lakhs
0.50 15.00 0.50 2.00 33.00
Total HRD Institutes Cost Rs. 33 x 3 7.10. Post Harvest Management
Fruits and vegetables are highly perishable due to high water content. Moreover, even after harvest the process of transpiration and respiration is maintained. Due to this the post harvest losses range from 25-30% of the total production, these losses can be attributed to lack of adequate post harvest handling facilities. Proper cold storage facility would provide the preservation of surplus fruits and vegetables and edible items to make them uniformly available during the off-season. Such storage would: 1 2 Stabilize the price of perishable produce. Help the growers to earn more remunerative price for their produce, which would otherwise be not possible during the harvest time. 3 Make the produce available to the consumers throughout the year. In spite of the rapid development of the storage industry over the years, the cold storage capacity availability today is low. The available capacity is insufficient from the viewpoint of both minimizing the wastage and providing a timely supply of perishable items. In case of onions there is a heavy post harvest loss. Two functional infrastructures are therefore proposed at two major onion producing areas of West Bengal:(1) (2) Balagar in Hooghly district (coverage - Hooghly, Burdwan, South 24-Parganas) Krishnanagaqr in Nadia district (coverage - Nadia, Murshidabad, North 24Parganas). The distribution of the proposed post harvest facilities is given in Exhibit 7.w. Exhibit 7.W. New proposed Post Harvest Facilities for 2005-06 Pack house Darjeeling Jalpaiguri Coochbehar Uttar Dinajpur 1 1 2 1 Collection centre 1 1 1 1 Refeer vans 2 1 1 2 Mobile precooling 1 1 1 1 Multipurpose cold storage 1 1 1 1 1 C A
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Malda Murshidabad Nadia North 24Parganas
1 2 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
2 1 1 2 2
1 1 1 1 1
2 2 3 2 1 1
South 24Parganas Howrah Hooghly Burdwan Birbhum Bankura East Medinipur West Medinipur Purulia Kolkata 1 1 1 1 3 21 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 18 1 3 26 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 18 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 26 2
Exhibit 7.X. Distribution of low cost storage units for onion Sl. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Hooghly Burdwan Nadia North 24-Parganas South 24-Prgs. Total Name of District No. of low cost bulb storage 35 25 24 15 15 110 1.05 0.75 0.72 0.45 0.45 3.42 Requirement of fund (Rs. )
Exhibit 7.Y. Summary of post harvest assistance No. Facilities Pack-house: Multipurpose Cold Storage Controlled Atmosphere Cold Storage Refrigerated Vans/Container Mobile Pre-cooling units Collection/Grading/Sorting Centers Two functional infrastructures for collection grading etc. of onion @ Rs.3.75 lakhs each. 2 7.5 Units 21 26 2 26 18 18 of Assistance Required (Rs. in lakhs) 13.13 1300 300 156 108 67.5
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Construction of low cost storage for onion bulbs @ Rs. 3000 per units. Total 7.11. Marketing Assistance 7.11.A. 7.11.A. Establishment of wholesale Markets: The West Bengal Government proposes to move the fruits and Vegetable wholesale markets to outskirts of Kolkata city. A regulation on movement of 10 ton trucks is being contemplated in Kolkata city. The State Government proposes to setup a mass wholesale auction market for which 2 sites have already been identified near Kolkata. The traders will also be benefited due to the relief from payment of the exorbitant truck charges for movement inside Kolkata. Projects proposals for extension, quality awareness and market led extension activities for fresh processed products will be submitted shortly. For the development of one wholesale market at either of two markets a fund placement of Rs.25 crores is requested which would offer a complete package of all the facilities. 114 3.42 1955.55
7.11.B. 7.11.B. Establishment of Rural markets /apna mandis / direct markets: In West Bengal a three tier marketing system has been established, consisting of rural hats & bazaars, wholesale markets & marginal (terminal) markets. These markets are more or less market shades with minimum amenities for buyers & salers. A distribution of these markets in different categories are presented below: Rural Hats & Bayers Wholesale markets 2925 159 40
Marginal (Terminal) markets -
The markets are established near negotiable roads and the distribution is based on the availability of market produce where the crop is grown. With the implementation of NHM program the production & productivity of horticultural produce is likely to increase considerable. This necessitates strengthening of market infrastructure in all the 50 subdivisional in the State with functional infrastructure to facilitate value addition to the marketable products. Fund requirement : A. Establishment of wholesale market -1 no x 25 crores = 25 crore
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B. Establishment of Rural markets /l apna mandis / direct markets: C. Establishment of infrastructure of Rural markets /apna mandis / direct markets-30 nos. x 3.75 lakhs = 1.12 crore -----------------------------Grand Total: 27.62 crore 7.12. Mission Management The West Bengal Horticulture Development Society has been registered under the West Bengal Societies Registration Act, 1961 on 12th AUGUST 2005 As per No- S/1L/31198 of 2005-06 of Registrar of Firms, Societies & Non- Trading Corporation. The various programme under the National Horticultural Mission for West Bengal State have been proposed depending upon the suitability and adaptation of specific horticultural crops depending on the agro-ecological situation and a cluster approach in the geographical regions, which has been meticulously followed. There is imperative need to strengthen the district offices which have been established. Fresh appointment have also been made so that the district level posts of horticulture offices are functional and the office are adequately geared up for management of the proposed programs thorough on field participation with the farmers. Requirement of fund for the 16 districts are mentioned below : Exhibit 7.Z. Proposed Mission Management Assistance Program State & District Mission Structure & 5% of total annual expenditure on the basis of appraised needs 100 for one cooperative support hire/ hardware/ Purchase of Diesel Vehicle (16) Assistance for petrol/ Diesel (@ Rs. 6000 per month) Driver Salary (@ Rs. 3000 per month) Computer hardware/ software Printing and stationery Village supervision 5.76 12.8 1.6 19.2 11.52 80 240 including Support Institutional Purchase Software of additional to manpower Proposed Assistance Rs. in Lakhs -40 nos. x 3.75 lakhs = 1.5 crore
project preparation cost cooperative strengthening vehicles, Infrastructural requirement
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Technical Support Group (TSG) Total
100 570.88
Institutional strengthening will include inspection, monitoring by state level national level experts, technical intervention and advice and preparation of various reports etc. The Technical Support Group (TSG) Under Mission Management will comprise of personnel at different level, who will provide the technical services and their honorarium will be fixed on the basis of qualification, experience, last p[ay drawn, if retired from Government . Fresh Graduates having knowledge in horticulture, computer professionals, MBA graduates, young professionals could also be a part of the TSG.
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Annexure I Summary of Three year NHM Program for West Bengal

S. No Crop Unit 1 I A 1 2 2 Plantation Infrastructure and Development Production of planting materialPublic Sector Model Nurseries Public sector (More than 4 Ha.) Model Nurseries Private sector Total Nursery Tissue Culture Lab Public sector Private Sector No.s No.s 3 4 7 1 1 2 1 1 2 24.00 16.00 40.00 8.00 4.00 12.00 8.00 4.00 12.00 No.s No.s 4 161 8 222 6 247 72.00 241.50 313.50 144.00 333.00 477.00 108.00 370.50 478.50 3 Physical Target 200506 4 200607 5 200708 6 Financial assistance 2005-06 7 2006-07 8 2007-08 9
II 1
Total Tissue Culture assistance Establishment of new gardens / Area Expansion Perennial Fruits Area (Hac. ) Area (Hac. )
4500
5800
5900
506.25
855.00
1228.50
Non Perennial Fruits
2000
2700
2800
150.00
262.50
381.00
Total Fruits 1 Cut Flowers
6500
8500
8700
656.3
1117.5
1609.5
Small & Marginal
Others
Area (Hac. ) Area (Hac. )
150
200
250
52.50
70
87.5
100
100
100
23.10
23.1
23.1
Bulbous
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Small & Marginal
Others
250
300
300
112.50
135
135
100
100
100
29.70
29.7
29.7
Loose Flower
Small & Marginal
Others
250
300
300
30.00
36
36
100
100
100
7.92
7.92
7.92
Total Flowers Spice Area (Hac. ) Area (Hac. ) Area (Hac. ) Nos
950.00 230
1100.00 400
1150.0 0 400
255.72 25.875
301.72 45
319.22 45
Plantation Crops
800
900
1000
45
68.625
103.5
III
IV V 1
Rejuvenation and Replacement of Senile Plantation Creation of Water Resources Protected Cultivation Green House Hitech Green House Normal
3900
3300
3000
585
495
450
30
24
30
300
240
300
Nos. Nos. Area (Hac. ) Area (Hac. ) Area (Hac. )
8 8 175
8 8 180
8 8 180
13.0 5.0 12.25
13 5 12.6
13 5 12.6
Mulching
Shade Net
130
130
130
4.55
4.55
4.55
Plastic Tunnel
100
100
100
5.00
Total VII 1 Promotion of IPM Promotion of IPM Area (Hac. ) 10000 11000 12000
39.8
40.2
40.2
100
110
120
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2 3 4 5 VII I 1
BioControl Labs Plant Health Clinics Disease Forecasting units Leaf tissue analysis Total Organic Farming Adoption of Organic Farming
Nos. Nos. Nos. Nos.
1 5 3 1
2 7 8 3
2 7 12 2
80 100 12 20 312.00
160 140 32 60 502.00
160 140 48 40 508.00
Vermi-Compost unit Total
Area (Hac. ) Nos.
2500
4000
5000 250.00
400.00
500
800
900
1000 240.00 490.00
270 670.00 198.00 11.250 1000 150.00 54.00 30.00 75 0
300 800.00 198.00 11.250 1000 150.00 54.00 30.00 75 0
IX X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
HRD Institute Post Harvest Management Pack-house: Multipurpose Cold Storage Controlled Atmosphere Cold Storage Refrigerated Vans/Container Mobile Pre-cooling units Collection/Grading/Sorting Centres Two functional infrastructures for collection grading etc. of onion @ Rs.3.75 lakhs each. Construction of low cost storage for onion bulbs @ Rs. 3000 per units. Total Marketing Assistance Establishment of Whole Sale Auction Market Establishment of rural mandis Establishment of infrastructure of rural markets Total
Nos Nos Nos Nos Nos Nos Nos Nos
3 21 26 2 26 18 18 2
6 18 20 1 9 5 20
6 18 20 1 9 5 20
99.00 13.13 1300.00 300.00 156.00 108.00 67.5 7.5
Nos
114
50
50
3.42
1.5
1.5
1955.55
1321.75
1321.75
XI
Nos Nos Nos
1 40 30
1 20 24
1 20 24
2500.00 150.00 112.50 2762.50
2400.00 75.00 90.00 2565.00
2400.00 75.00 90 2565.00
XII
Mission Management
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State & District Mission Structure including additional manpower & project preparation cost Support to cooperative for Infrastructural requirement Nos 1 2 2
100.00
200.00
200.00
240.0
480.0
480.0
Institutional strengthening hire/ Purchase of vehicles, hardware/ Software Technical Support Group (TSG) Total Grand Total
130.9
157.1
188.5
100.0 570.88 8451.07
150.0 987.06 9040.80
150.0 1018.47 9769.09
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Annexure II Cluster Details NHM program West Bengal

Mango Cluster
Darjeeling Jalpaiguri Coochbehar
Area expansion of 500 hac each at Malda and Murshidabad New area to be included at Hoogly, Bankura and Purulia of 700 Hac each New cluster to focus on Himsagar, Amrapali, Langra and Alphonso varieties Nurseries proposed: Public sector 1 sector Private sector 88 Rejuvenation; Malda 1200 hac and Murshidabad 1200 hac. Community ponds Purulia 4, Burdhwan 2 and Bankura 4 Plastic tunnel 70 hac, Mulching 150 hac Packhouses 5, Multipurpose storages 5, Collection grading centers 5
Existing Cluster
North Dinajpur
New Cluster
Birbhum
Mursidabad
Pineapple and Oranges Cluster


South Dinajpur
hac), Pineapple Area expansion of Darjeeling (450 hac), Jalpaiguri (500 Hac) Orange area expansion: Jalpaiguri 500 hac and Darjeeling 400 hac Varieties of pineapple are Giant Kew and Queen, orange: Darjeeling orange Nurseries proposed: Public sector 1 Private sector 10 markets Green house 2 each at Siliguri markets and Jalpaiguri Shade net cultivation of 10 hac in Jalpaiguri Market development for North Dinajpur and Coochbehar preReefer Vehicles 2, mobile pre-cooling units 2 CA 1, multipurpose cold storage 2 and collection center 2
Malda
Mursidabad Birbhum
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Floriculture cluster for North and South Bengal

Area expansion o o Cut Flowers 250 hac Flowers Bulbous Flowers 350 hac Loose Flowers 350 hac Public sector 2 Private sector 63
Nurseries proposed: o o
Mursidabad Birbhum
Tissue culture labs Public (2) Private (1) Green house Siliguri (2) Jalpaiguri (2) Nadia (4) West Midnapore (8) Shade net cultivation of 100 hac Market development at North 24 Parganas, Panskura, Bolpur, Nadia, Siliguri preReefer Vehicles 5, mobile pre-cooling units 5 Packhouses 5, collection centers 5
Burdwan Purulia Bankura Hooghly Howrah Midnapur West Midnapur East
Nadia
North 24 Parganas Kolkatta South 24 Parganas
Plantation Cluster
Area expansion Plantation crop Cashew nut West Midnapore 500 hac, Bankura 500 hac Betel vine West Midnapore 40 hac, Bankura 40 Purulia hac, Purulia 20 hac Nurseries proposed: Private sector 50 Shade net cultivation of 20 hac, Green House 8 (West Midnapore) Reefer Vehicles 3, Packhouses 3, CA 1, Collection grading centers 3 Market intervention at West Midnapore

North 24 Parganas Kolkatta South 24 Parganas
Mursidabad Birbhum
Nadia Burdwan Purulia Bankura Hooghly Howrah Midnapur West Midnapur East
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National Horticulture Mission Action Plan for West Bengal

Darjeeling Jalpaiguri Coochbehar North Dinajpur

Prepared by Rabo India Finance Pvt. Ltd

for Ministry of Agriculture Government of India September 2005

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

Chapter Chapter 2 Horticulture in West Bengal

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

Mandarin orange Guava Jackfruit Litchi Coconut Sapota Cashewnut

DecemberFebruary JulySeptember June-August May/June Year round May-June

3.508 9.003 10.424 6.551 30.562 3.692 9.711

33.056 133.785 143.471 55.67 4007.392 lakh nut 43.263 9.569

Exhibit 2.C Production (000 MT)

Litchi, 55.7 Jackfruit, 143.5

Jackfruit, 10.4 Pineapple, 11.8 Banana, 25.7

Guava, 9 Mango, 67.8

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

Onion Ladys finger

Nadia Hooghly, Burdhaman 24 Parganas, Nadia Bardhaman, Hooghly, Murshidabad

Exhibit 2.F Production (000 MT)

Exhibit 2.G Area (000 Hac)

Others, 591.2 Tomato, 748.6 Cabbage, 1839.4

Cauliflower, 1649.4 Peas, 114.5 Sweet Potato, 190.5 Beans, 71.6

1329 17.8 Crore Spike/Bud 1156

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

Crore 5114 loose 971 Crore 17328

20.49 4.38 86.756

crore crore crore

spikes/buds spikes/buds spikes/buds

Spikes/Buds +33.06 tn. Exhibit 2.I Area Coverage

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

Chapter 3 Demand Supply Situation of Horticulture in West Bengal

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

salt spices beverage etc. food total

906.4 5672.3 14475.5 208179

930.9 5993.7 16688.0 228076

989.8 6487.6 16568.0 249629

1341.2 10784.2 27762.3 320997

1207.7 10517.5 28977.0 312911

1213.6 11016.2 30684.4 329087

10868.6 11.4% 41240.4 19.1% 343456 8.7%

Requiremen n (tonnes (tonnes (tonnes per per annum) annum)

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

Chapter 4 Market Linkages in West Bengal

Darjeeling Jalpaiguri Coochbehar North Dinajpur

Mango 99400 tn. (24%) Litchi 10000 tn. (18%)

Mango 168200 tn. (41%) Litchi 23700 tn. (42%)

Potato 193400 (3%) Vegetables 1141800 tn. (10.4%)

Potato 1227680 tn. (17.7%) Vegetables 2378600 tn. (21%)

Potato 413700 tn. (5.9%) Vegetables 1043600 tn. (9.5%)

NHM - Action Plan for West Bengal

Exhibit 4.B. Status of implementation of the Food Parks

MFPI, GOI 3.87 (grant); RIDF 5.72 Loan

MFPI, GOI 4.0 (grant)

HAD has spent 2.03 crore on the project