Designed by Date
r @ h . m
: :
Sketch :
H HEAT EXCHANGER THERMAL CALCULAT EXCH ER T AL ULATION BY REY FIEDAC R EDACAN, MEP - ME
I.HEAT & MASS BALANCE 1.0 Temperature of outlet fluid - Cold fluid ( Predicted from energy and mass balance) msCps(Ts1-Ts2) = 295.3 K mtCpct 2.0 Log mean temperature difference across the heat exchanger (LMTD) Ts2 =
LMTD =
7.1
3.0 LMTD Calculation ( Corrected ) where : Tm = F(LMTD) = 6.655 K for Counter flow 4.0 HEAT DUTY OF HEAT EXCHANGER
based on the temperature difference between hot fluids inlet and outlet condition.
1,462.55 KW
Q =(mscps)(Ts1 -Ts2) =
5.0 NUMBER OF TUBES - based on the mass flowrate of cold fluid inside the tubes and recommended velocity on the specified number of passes. Nt = 4mtNp/ tvt di = II. TUBE SIDE CALCULATION: 1.0 TUBE SIDE HEAT TRANSFER ht = Nutkt di where: Nut Kt di = Nusselt number of fluid inside the tubes = Thermal conductivity of fluid inside the tubes = Inside diameter of tubes
2
2.0 NUSSELT NUMBER ( CORRELATION FROM Petukhov - Kirililov for Turbulent flows ) which predicts results in the range of 104< Ret < 5 x106 and 0.5 < Prt < 200 Nut = 2.1 2.2 2.3 Prandtl number Reynold number at tube side Friction factor at given Re (f/2)RetPrt 1.07+12.7(f/2)1/2(Prt2/3 -1) Prt Ret Ft = = 6.80236
tv tdi/t
= (1.58lnRet - 3.28)
0.005797
Nut =
225.72
2 8,526.66 W/m -K
ht =
III.SHELL SIDE CALCULATION 1.0 SHELL SIDE HEAT TRANSFER BY KERN CORRELATION which predicts results in the range of 2x103< Res = GsDe/< 1 x106 ht =
0.55 1/3 0.36ks Res Prs De
= = = = =
Nusselt number of fluid outsidethe tubes Thermal conductivity of fluid outside the tubes Equivalent diameter of shell Reynold number flow outside the tubes Prandtl number of flow outside the tunes
11,649.06 the flow is turbulent
2.1 2.2
Res De
= (ms/As)(De/s) =
= f(Square,Triangular layout)
do Flow PT
do /4) De
= 0.024 m s
Flow do
Square Pitch
De =
0.024234
2.4
As
2.5
Ds
0.996
2.6 2.7
PR
= PT/do = f(Clearance, Baffle spacing) for 90 and 45 for 30o and 60o one tube pass two tube pass three tube pass Use:
0.55 1/3 0.36ks Res Prs De o o
= 1
1.337
CL = =
ht =
IV. OVERALL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT 1.0 Outer surface area - Clean heat transfer coefficient -1 do do 1 do ln( di ) 1 Uc = kt ho + di hi + 2 = 1,869.27 W/m2-K
1.1
Surface area of heat exchanger for clean condition ( No fouling Effect ) Ac = = 97.11
2
2263.2
do -1 do 1 do ln( di ) 1 Uf = + Rft = kt ho + di hi + 2
1,406.54
W/m -K
2.1
Surface area of heat exchanger for clean condition ( with fouling Effect ) Af = Q Uf Tm Af Ac = 156.25 m2
2.2
2.3
Surface design area of heat exchanger at certain 30 % more allowance for fouling effect 2 A' = 126.24 m Effective length of tube for area in heat transfer A' L = N t do Use: L =
2.4
1.89 m
4.00 m
2.5
Ds'
= f(Clearance, Baffle spacing) = 0.637(CL/CTP)1/2(A'PR2do/L)1/2 0.68 m corrected shell diameter at the given length = however, the actual diameter shall be the nearest available size either seamless pipe or fabricated as rolled plate ' Use: Ds = 0.80 m
V. PRESSURE DROP - This is used to determined the pumping power required to handle the fluid in tubes and shell. 1.0 TUBE SIDE PRESSURE DROP 1.1 1.2 Tube side friction factor Tube side friction factor ft Pt = (1.5ln(Ret) - 3.28) ftLNp di 4Np
-2
= c2 2
0.005797
2.0 SHELL PRESSURE DROP The shell-side fluid experiences a pressure drop as it passes through the exchanger, over the tubes, and around the baffles. 2 fsG s(Nb+1)D's Ps = 2 sD e s 2.1 Shell side friction factor fs = exp(0.576 -0.19ln(Res)) = 0.300
2.2
As
DsCB PT
= 0.125 m , based on corrected shell clearance of tubes and baffle spacing. Ts1+Ts2 2 the tube length
1 2
2.3
Wall temperature
Tw
Tt1+Tt2 2
= 297.8 K , average temperature between cold and hot fluid across therefore: the absolute viscosity and wall temperature of = 0.0009001 kg/m - s 2.4 Correction Factor
s
24.8 oC
s w L B Ms As
0.14
0.989
2.5
Number of Baffles
Nb =
-1
2.6
Number of Baffles
Gs =
= 398.593 kg/m2-s
therefore:
Ps
= = =
fsG s(Nb+1)D's 2 sD e s 6.4 0.9 Kpa psi , head required to pump the fluid into the shell
TUBE SIDE : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Inlet temperature Mass flowrate Density Ther al Conductivity Dyna ic viscocity Specific Heat Prandtl number Velocity of fluid inside the tubes
W/m - K 0.0009832 N.s/m2 4181.6 J/kg - K 6.8023645 2 m/s 0.000176 m2 - K/W 32 25 28.5 50 996.4 0.6144
o o o
9 Total fouling factor SHELL SIDE: COLD SIDE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Inlet temperature Outlet temperature Average temperature Mass flowrate Density Thermal Conductivity Dynamic viscocity
C C C
3
kg/s kg/m
9 Specific Heat 5.6396127 10 Prandtl number CONSTRUCTIONAL DATA OF THE PROPOSED SHELL AND TUBE HX 0.800 1 Shell diameter m 1121.07 2 Number of tubes 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Length of tubes(Allowancefor tubesheet not included) Tube outside diameter Tube inside diameter Baffle spacing ( baffle cut at 25%) Tube pitch Number of passes Thermal Conductivity of tubes Tube side heat transfer coefficient Shell side heat transfer coefficient Clean overall heat transfer coefficient Fouled overall heat transfer coefficient Tube side pressure drop Shell side pressure drop 4.000 0.019 0.016 0.500 0.025 3.000 42.300 8526.66 2800.32 1869.27 1406.54 58.68 6.40 m m m m
0) %
'
$# %
PT