Part A

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American Academy Larnaca Year 5 Test

Science Biology Topic B1b.4 Use, misuse and abuse Tuesday 24 January 2012 Time: 20 minutes

Part A Cannabis

Doctors can prescribe cannabis as a medicine for patients who have Parkinsons disease. Cannabis is illegal to use as a social drug in Cyprus. 17. Cannabis can be smoked with tobacco when used as a social drug. This increases the dangers of using the drug because tobacco A B C D 18. contains tar which may damage your lungs has a sedative effect makes the cannabis less addictive increases the risk of viral infections

Cannabis may be given to terminally ill patients. This is because cannabis A B C D acts as a stimulant on the nervous system is addictive relieves pain increases life expectancy

Part A Use this information to answer questions 19 and 20 . The graph shows the percentages of 1516 year old teenagers and of adults in Europe who admitted to having used cannabis during 2004.

19.

What percentage of adults in Holland admitted to using cannabis in 2004? A B C D 7% 9% 31% 36%

20.

How many of these countries had a higher percentage of 1516 year olds using cannabis than adults? A B C D 0 3 6 10 Disease in Britain

There are many diseases in Britian caused by microorganisms. 21. A disease-causing organism is A B C D a drug an antigen a pathogen a vector

Part A 22. Overcrowding can make disease more likely because A B C D 23. all diseases are contagious disease is more easily transferred the immune system is weakened it leads to a poor diet

A disease which is increasing once again in Britain is tuberculosis (TB). What type of organism causes TB? A B C D bacterium fungus protozoan virus

24.

TB is spread through A B C D badly cooked food contaminated water an insect vector droplets in the air Binge drinking

Binge drinking means drinking large amounts of alcohol in a short period of time. 25. This behaviour is unhealthy because alcohol A B C D damages the lungs increases infection reduces pain damages the liver

Part A Drinking large amounts of alcohol increases the risk of death from a disease called cirrhosis. Use the graphs to answer questions 26 and 27. The graphs show the number of deaths per 100,000 men or women in different countries from the years 1950 to 2000.

26.

The data in the graphs suggests that the people most at risk of death from cirrhosis in the year 2000 were A B C D men from Scotland women from Scotland men from other European countries women from other European countries

27.

20 men died from cirrhosis in 1960 in a town containing 500,000 men. This town was most likely in A B C D England Wales Scotland other European countries

Part A 28. Morphine is a depressant and it can be used to relieve pain in terminally ill patients. Which of the following describes how morphine relieves pain? A B C D It binds to the membrane of the synapse which increases communication between neurones. It binds to the membrane of the synapse which decreases communication between neurones. It binds to motor neurones which prevents pain messages reaching the brain. It blocks pain receptors in the skin which prevents pain messages reaching the brain. Self defence The graph shows how our third line of defence reacts when it encounters an antigen.

29.

Z on the graph represents the concentration of A B C D red blood cells white blood cells involved in ingestion antibodies antigens

30.

On what day did a second exposure to the same antigen occur? A B C D 7 14 28 42

31.

Our third line of defence is also known as the specific immune response. This response is specific because each different A B C D antigen has its own matching antibody antigen has its own matching white blood cell white blood cell has its own matching antibody antibody has its own matching pathogen

Part A 32. Resistant forms of the bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB) have developed. The most likely reason for the increase in their numbers is because patients A B C D do not complete their course of treatment are not prescribed the correct drugs live in conditions where disease transmission is more likely do not always seek treatment Mosquitoes Mosquitoes are carriers of the protozoan Plasmodium. Plasmodium can pass into the bloodstream of a person and cause malaria. 33. What is this type of disease transmission? A B C D 34. direct contact indirect contact vertical infection vector borne

What is the bodys main physical barrier against malaria? A B C D the cilia the skin white blood cells vaccination

35.

When mosquitoes suck human blood it can cause an inflammatory response. The inflammatory response is part of the second line of defence against infection. Another second line of defence involves A B C D white blood cells ingesting bacteria red blood cells ingesting a virus white blood cells producing antibodies platelet formation under the skin

36.

Dogs are vectors of rabies, a disease caused by a virus. The virus is transmitted to humans in a similar way to Plasmodium. Rabies is passed to humans by A B C D dogs licking food for human consumption dog faeces being touched by humans dogs biting through human skin dog fleas biting through human skin

Part A Underage smoking Use the graph to answer questions 37 and 38. In the UK, someone dies from a smoking related disease every 8 seconds. The graph shows the percentage of male pupils and female pupils who smoked regularly. The data was collected between 1982 and 2008.

37.

The data shows that the percentage of A B C D female smokers is greater in all years than the percentage of male smokers smoking for both sexes combined peaked at an average of 13% in 1996 smoking for each sex decreased by the greatest amount between 1984 and 1988 male smokers increased every year between 1986 and 1996

38.

The UK government set a target to reduce levels of smoking in children to an average of 9% by 2010. What evidence does the graph show that the percentage of regular smoking in children is likely to fall below the government target by 2010? A B C D the combined percentage of regular smokers of both sexes has halved since 1996 the total number of male and female pupils smoking cigarettes since 1998 has decreased publicity about the dangers of smoking have caused an overall decrease in the percentage of regular smoking in 11 to 16 year olds the percentage of regular smokers has not increased since 2001

Part A 39. Cigarettes contain chemicals that act as stimulants. Which row of the table shows the effect that stimulants have on our body?

40.

How many of these statements about drugs are true? y nicotine does not affect the circulatory system y opiates act at the synapses which helps to relieve pain y alcohol and cannabinoids slow down nerve transmission A B C D none one two three TOTAL FOR PAPER: 24 MARKS END

Part A

Answers
17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. A C A D C B A D 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. D A D B C C A A D B A C B A A C