1.1Introduction of the Project 1.2 Overview of the Project 1.3 Need Of the Study 1.4 Objectives of Research 1.5 Limitation of the Study 1.6 Research Methodology
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1.3Need of study Stock Brokers are the middleman between the company & retail investors in Primary Market Stock Brokers are the middleman between the traders in secondary market Stock brokers provide various financial services to their clients Due to all the above reasons, it is necessary to study about them. Hence, there is a need to study about them.
1.4Objectives of Research :
The objective of this Research is to: 1) 2) 3) 4) To Examine the Responsibilities of Stock Brokers. To analyze the regulations for Stock Brokers in India. To analyze number of Stock Brokers in India. To comparatively analyze different Stock Brokers in India.
1.5Limitation of Study This study is limited to time, effect and cost. The studying limited to Mumbai region in Maharashtra state. The study can only make for 2005-10
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1.6Research Methodology
The objective of this chapter is to present the research methodology of the present study. The chapter deals with various aspects of research methodology Stock Brokers in India with the help of Secondary data. For the present study as more emphasis was laid down on the discovery of ideas, it can be called descriptive research as an attempt have been made to get insight into the Stock Brokers in India. The Study deals with simple random sampling method. Simple random sampling was adopted to collect the information required for the study. Sample Size: The Sample size considered for the study is 5% .
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2.1 Defination 2.2 Registration of Stock Brokers 2.3 Registration procedure 2.4 Code of conduct for Stock Brokers 2.5 Role of Stock broker 2.6 Function of stockbrokers 2.7 Kinds of Brokers and their Assistants
2.8Different types of orders one may place with Stock Brokers while trading in shares
He must be an Indian citizen with 21 years of age. He should neither be bankrupt nor compounded with creditors. He should not have been convicted for any offence, fraud etc. He should not have engaged in any other business other that of a broker in Securities. He should not be defaulter of any stock exchange. He should have completed 12th standard examination.
A part from individuals, corporate and institutional members can also become brokers. Brokers will be selected by the selection committee of the stock exchange on the basis of their qualifications, experience, financial status, their performance in the written test, interview etc.
2.3Registration procedure :
(i)
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The prospective broker must apply to SEBI through the stock exchange of which he is a member.
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(xv) (xvi)
(xvii) Above all , he should not indulge in fraudulent or deceptive transactions or spread rumors with a view to creating a false market and making personal gains. (xviii)He must abide by all the rules and regulations of the regulating authorities including the stock exchanges, (xix) He must maintain proper books of account, records and documents as required by the various regulating authorities. (xx) He must produce the above books and records for inspection whenever an inspection is undertaken as per the provisions of the SEBI Act. 2.5Role of Stock broker A stock broker is a professional who buys and sells stocks and other securities in the stock market through the book makers from the stock investors. As per the law in United States one needs to pass the General Securities Representative
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2.6Function of stockbrokers
The following are the important functions generally performed by all the brokers. Client Registration (ii) First of all, a trading broker has to enter into an agreement in the specified format with his clients before accepting any orders on his clients behalf. The said agreement has to be executed on Non-judicial stamp paper, duly signed .by both parties on all pages. In addition to the agreement, the broker shall seek other information about the client in the client registration form. The information may relate to: (a) Investors financial profile. (b) Investors risk profile and risk taking ability. (c) Investors social profile. (d) Investors identification details. (e) Family, income age and employment details. (f) Details of investment in other assets. (g) Financial liabilities etc.
(i)
The broker has to obtain recent passport size (3 copies) in the case of individual clients and of all partners in the case of partnership firms. In the case of corporate customers, he has to obtain the photos of dominant promoters. The broker should not forget to take proof of identification of the client. It is mandatory to give an unique code for each client for easy identification. There is no limit on the maximum number of clients for a broker.
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Supply of Necessary Slips On execution of the trade, the broker, i.e. the trading member should inform his client the order number. He should also give copies of the trade confirmation slip, modification slip etc. To enable the client to take necessary follow up action. (v) Issue of Contract Note The broker should then issue a contract note to his clients for all trades, whether for purchase or sale of securities, executed with all relevant details. This contract note should be issued within 24 hours of the execution of order. It should be duly signed by the brokers or his authorised signatory or client attorney. Every broker is expected to maintain the duplicate copy of each contract note issued for five years. (vi) Statement of Particulars on Contract Note It is a mandatory to mention the following particulars in a contract note issued by a stock broker. (i) The name, address and SEBI registration member of the member broker.
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(iv)
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(iii)
2.7Kinds of Brokers and their Assistants 1) Jobber: A jobber is a proffesional speculator.he works for a profit called turn. 2) Taraniwalas: The taraniwalla is also called a jobber. He makes an oderly and continious auction in the market in the stock in which he specialises. He is localised dealer and often handles transactions on a commission basis for other brokers who are acting for their customers. he trades in te market even for the small differences in prices and helps to maintain liquidity in the stock exchange. 3) Commission brokers: A commission broker is nothing but a broer.he buys and sells securities on behalf of his clients for a commission. He is permitted o deal with non members directly. He does not purchase or sell In his own name.Generally, a broker acts for alarge number of clients, and therefore, he deals in large variety of securities. He gets the orders from his clients and executes from hem through jobbers. 4) Sub-brokers/remisiers: As stated earlier, a sub broker is an agent of a stock broker. He helps the clients to buy and sell securities only through sock broker.since he is not a memberof stock exchange, he cannot directly deal in
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5)
6)
Odd lot dealer: The standard tradong unit for listed stocks is desgnated as a round lot which is usually a hundred shares. Anything less than the round a lot is an odd lots appear in odd quantities -8 shares, 10 or 15,20,25,27,33 and it is impossible to match buying and selling order in them. The specialists handle odd lots. They buy odd lots which other members wish to sell for their cutomers and sell odd lots which others wisht to buy. If dealers buy more than they sell or sell more than they buy, they can clear their position
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Budliwalla: The financer in the stock exchange is also called the Budliwalla. For giving credit facilities to the market, he charges a fee called contango or backwardation charge. The budliwalla gives a fully secured loan for short period of two or three weeks. This loan is governed according to the prevailing rate of interest in the market. The budliwalla s technique of lending is to take up delivery on the due date at the end of clearing to those who wish to carry over their sales. These transactions help him to make a profit on the prevailing rates of interest, subject to regulations of the stock exchange. Arbitrageur: An arbitrageur is a specialist in dealing with different stock exchange centers at the same time. He makes a profit by the difference in prices prevailing in different centers of market activity. He maintains an office with a good communication system and telephonic and tele- printer facility. His profit depends on ability to get the prices from different centers before others trading in the stock exchange. Security dealers: The purchase and sale of government securities is carried on the stock exchange by Security Dealers. Each transaction of purchase or sale has to separately negotiated. The dealer takes risk in ready purchase and sale of securities for current requirements. The dealer has information about several kinds of government securities as well as statutory public bodies, but the presence of large investors like the Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) and commercial banks makes his role rather restricted.
8)
9)
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2.8Different types of orders one may place with Stock Brokers while trading in shares
Brokers receive a number of different types of buying and selling orders from their customers. Brokerage orders vary as to the price as to the price at which the order may be filled, the time for which the order is valid, and contingencies which affect the order. The customers specifications are strictly followed. The broker is responsible for getting best price for his customer at the time of order is placed. The price is established independently by brokers on an auction basis and not by officials of the exchange. The following transactions take place on orders in the stock exchange. Exercising choice of orders
(a) Long, Short, Spot delivery, Hand Delivery, Special Delivery: When an investors buys
securities, he is said to be long in the issue, if he sells securities, he eliminates his long position, and when strongly believes that an issue is overpriced and will in most likelihood fall short within the foreseeable future, he may ask his broker to sell short. The account, or does posses but does not wish to deliver. Financial institutions are not allowed to sell short. In short sales, the broker buys securities for his customer to make delivery but expects the seller to buy back at later date in order to repay borrowed share certificate. Short selling is legal and the most obvious reasons for buying short is to cover stock in declining pricing. (b) Spot Delivery: Spot delivery means delivery and payment on same day as the day of contract or on the next day. (c) Hand Delivery: Hand delivery is the transaction involving delivery and payment within the time of the contract or on the date stipulated when entering into the bargain, which time or date is usually not more than 14 days following the date of contract.
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following the date of the contract as specified hen entering into a bargain , with the specific permission of the president or governing board. These transactions are conducted at the time of executing an order. The types of orders that can be made by the broker for his customer are described below: (i ) Market Orders : Market orders are instruction to a broker to buy or sell at the best price immediately available. Market orders are commonly used when trading in active stocks or when a desire to buy or sell is urgent. With this order , a broker is to obtain the best price he can for his customer- that is the lowest price if it is an order to buy and highest price if it is one to sell at the time when the order is executed. (ii) Limit Orders: Limit Orders instruct broker to buy or sell as a stated price or better. when a buyer or seller of stocks feels that he can purchase or sell a stock at a slight advantage to himself within the next two or three days, he may place a limited order to sell at a specified price. A limit order protects the customer against paying more or selling for less than intended. A limit order protects the customer against paying more or selling for less than intended. A limit order therefore, specifies the maximum or minimum price the investor is willing to accept for his trade. The only risk attached to a limit order is that the investor might lose the desired purchase or sale altogether for a trifle margin. For example, if an investor instructs his broker to buy 10 shares of a company, at a limit price of Rs 20/-, the market price at the time of this limit order is placed at 21. The order will go on brokers record at 20 and stay in for however long the investor specifies. It cannot be executed except at 20. Indeed, it may never be executed at all. On the other hand, if he wishes to sell stock which is selling at 21 in the market and he enters a limit order of 23, he runs the risk that the stock may never go up to 23 and he may not be able to sell and on the contrary, the price may go down.
(i)
Stop Order : Another type of order that may be used to limit the amount of losses or to protect the amount of capital gains is called stop order. This order is sometimes also called stop loss order. Stop orders are useful to both speculators and investors. Stop orders to sell can be used to sell can be used to sell out holdings automatically in case a major decline in the market occurs. Stop orders to buy can be used to limit possible losses on a short position. It may also be used to buy if a market price seems to indicate a major upswing in the market. They are most frequently used as a basis for selling a stock once it stock reaches a certain point. Suppose a investor owns securities in a company X whose current market price is Rs 44/-. After an analysis, he finds that the market condition is uncertain and price can move either way. To minimize the potential loss, he stops order at Rs 42/-. If the market price goes down, he shares he will sell at Rs 42/-. If the market price rises he has nothing to loose. On the contrary, if the market prices rise, the investor might raise the stop loss order 48. The investor may gain if all his securities are sold at 48. Most likely, he will not be
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2.9List of Stock Brokers in India 5Paisa.com Moneypore Advani Share Brokers Navia Markets Anand Rathi Securities Parag Parikh Brescon Group Parsoli Corporation CIL Securities Pratibhuti Viniyog CRN India Prudential Churiwala Securities Quantum Securities. DSP Merrill Lynch Reliance Money
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Investsmart India
Kotak Securities
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The is the actual Trading screen available with Stock Brokers in India.
The BSE Online Trading System (BOLT) : The Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) switched over from the open outcry trading system to a fully automated computerized mode of trading known as the BSE Online Trading (BOLT) system in 1995. This system, which is both order and quote driven, was commissioned on 14 March 1995 and in May 1995, it was introduced for all the securities listed on the BSE. Actually, it started with the screen based trading and in September 1997, switched over to the direct online access facility. In the initial stages, BOLT was available to brokers of the BSE based in Mumbai through leased lines. Today, it is available all over the country and even abroad.
From the above table & chart we can see that total Number of Stock Brokers In 2009 in India was 8, 652, in 2010 number of Stock Brokers was 8,804 and now in current year 2011 it is 9,235. We can see that there are more Stock Brokers in 2011current year and less in 2009 base year which indicates that number of Stock Brokers in India is increasing year by year.
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Ahmedabad Bangalore BSE Bhubaneswar Calcutta Cochin Coimbatore Delhi Gauhati ISE Jaipur Ludhiana MPSE Madras NSE OTCEI Pune UPSE Vadodara
Total
137 135 183 196 656 351 88 181 93 566 457 216 160 112 73 147 124 252 245
4372
139 129 147 195 667 350 87 169 94 569 460 209 153 104 68 148 125 259 245
4317
143 128 148 194 682 346 87 130 99 570 464 212 139 96 61 149 126 269 245
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Fig3.2
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2011 19 4 31 0 44 9 0 32 1 29 6 2 1 14 77 18 7 3 3
300
2010 19 3 30 0 44 9 0 32 1 29 6 2 1 14 67 18 7 5 3
290
2009 21 3 31 0 44 10 0 32 1 29 6 2 1 14 57 19 7 5 3
285
Fig 3.3
From the above table and chart we can see that number of Partnership basis Stock Brokers in India in 2009 was 285,in 2010 was 290,and in current year it is 300.we can see that partnership basis Stock broker are more in 2011 while less in 2009. This indicates that number of partnership basis Stock Brokers are increasing year by year in India.
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Total
4563
4197
4079
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05Number of Stock Brokers In India According to different basis -2009 Table 3.5
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Partnership basis Stock Brokers Corporates basis Stock Brokers Total Stock Brokers
Fig3.5
From the above Table & Pie diagram we can see that percentage of Proprietorship basis Stock Brokers in India in 2009 was 50%,Percentage of Partnership basis Stock Brokers in India was 3% and percentage of Corporate basis Stock Brokers in India was 47%. We can see that there were more Percentage of Proprietorship base Stock Brokers in India and less percentage of Stock Brokers of Partnership base Stock Broker in India.
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Partnership basis Stock Brokers Corporates basis Stock Brokers Total Stock Brokers
From the above table & pie diagram we can see that Percentage of Proprietorship based Stock Brokers in India In 2010 was 49%,percentage of Partnership based Stock Brokers in India was 3%,Percentage of Corporate based Stock Brokers in India were 48%. We can see that there were more percentage of Proprietorship based Stock Brokers was More while percentage of Partnership based Stock Brokers were very less.
07Number of Stock Brokers In India According to different basis -2011 Table 3.7 Number of Stock Brokers In India Nos Percentage According to different basis -2011 Proprietorship basis Stock Brokers 4372 47.34%
300
3.24%
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4563 9235
49.40% 100%
From the above table & pie diagram we can see that there are 47% Proprietorship based Stock Brokers in India In 2011,3% Partnership based Stock Brokers in India,50%corporates based Stock Brokers in India. We can see that the more percent of Stock Brokers are based on Corporate Basis while very less Stock Brokers based on partnership basis.
08Total Assets A long-term tangible piece of property that a firm owns and uses in the production of its income and is not expected to be consumed or converted into cash any sooner than at least one year's time. Buildings, real estate, equipment and furniture are good examples of fixed assets. Formula of Total Assets : Total assets=current assets + fixed assets
Table3.8
1 2 3 4
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Total Assets Company Geojit BNP Paribas Financial Services India Infoline Ltd. Motilal Oswal Financial Services Sugal & Damani Share Brokers
2011
2010
2011
2010
2009
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13.9 12.56 9.56 3,201.1 2 2,583.28 2,518.64 20,740. 11,000.0 19 7 9,577.56 4396.47 2675.603 2310.877 % % %
From the above table & chart we can see that average of total liabilities of stock Brokers in year 2009 was Rs2310.877,in 2010 it was Rs 2675.603 and now in current year 2011 it is Rs4396.467.We can see that it was more in current year2011 while less in 2009,which indicates that total liabilities of Stock Broker in India are increasing year by year
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10Investments Investment is putting money into something with the expectation of gain, that upon thorough analysis, has a high degree of security for the principal amount, as well as security of return, within an expected period of time
Table 3.10
Investments Company Geojit BNP Paribas 1 Financial Services 2 India Infoline Ltd. Motilal Oswal 3 Financial Services Sugal & Damani 4 Share Brokers Realigare 5 Enterprises 6 Indiabulls Financial
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Fig3.10
From the above table & chart we can see that average of investments done by broker in India in 2009 was Rs741.7167,in2010 it was824.225 and now in year 2011 it isRs1293.903.we can see that investments of Stock Broker In India is more n 2011,while less in 2009.which indicates that Investments done by Stock Brokers are increasing year by year..
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11Profit Before Tax (PBT) Profit Before Tax measure combines all of the company's profits before tax, including operating, non-operating, continuing operations and non-continuing operations. PBT exists because tax expense is constantly changing and taking it out helps to give an investor a good idea of changes in a company's profits or earnings from year to year.
Table 3.10
1 2 3 4 5 6
PBT Company Geojit BNP Paribas Financial Services India Infoline Ltd. Motilal Oswal Financial Services Sugal & Damani Share Brokers Realigare Enterprises Indiabulls Financial Services Average
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Fig 3.10
From the above table and chart we can see that average of profit before tax of stock brokers in India in 2009 it was Rs77.89833,in 2010 136.5717,now in 2011 it is Rs177.9617.we can see that Profit before tax is more in 2011 while less in 2009.this indicates that Profit Before Tax of Brokers in India is increasing year by year.
PROFIT AFTER TAX (PAT) is the net profit earned by the company after deducting all expenses like interest, depreciation and tax. PAT can be fully
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Table 3.11
Profit after tax(PAT) Company Geojit BNP Paribas 1 Financial Services 2 India Infoline Ltd. Motilal Oswal 3 Financial Services Sugal & Damani Share 4 Brokers 5 Realigare Enterprises Indiabulls Financial 6 Services Average
Fig3.11
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12Earning Per Share Earnings per share is generally considered to be the single most important variable in determining a share's price. It is also a major component used to calculate the price-to-earnings valuation ratio. The portion of a company's profit allocated to each outstanding share of common stock. EPS as an indicator of a company's profitability.
Table 3.12
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1 2 3 4 5 6
Fig 3.12
From the above table & chart we can see that average of earning per share (EPS) of Stock Broker in India in 2009 was Rs1.921667,in 2010 was Rs3.991667 now in current year 2011 it is Rs5.125.we can see that EPS of Stock Brokers in India is more in 2011 while less in 2009 which indicates that EPS of Stock Brokers in India is increasing year by year.
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13Current Ratio Current Ratio is the relationship between current assets and current liabilities. This is defined as: Current Ratio = current assets Current liabilities Table 3.13 Current Ratio Company Geojit BNP Paribas Financial Services India Infoline Ltd. Motilal Oswal Financial Services Sugal & Damani Share Brokers Realigare Enterprises Indiabulls Financial Services Average
Fig 3.13
1 2 3 4 5 6
From the above table & chart we can see that average of Current Ratio of Stock Brokers in India in 2009 was Rs5.845,in 2010 it was Rs18.49333, in current year it is Rs 2.101667.we can see that Current Ratio of Stock Brokers is more in 2009 and less in 2011.which indicates that current ratio of Stock Brokers is fluctuating year by year.
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2010
2009
1 2 3 4
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From The above table and chart we can see that average of Investment Turn Over Ratio of Stock Brokers in India in 2009 was Rs617.05,in 2010 it was Rs53.92 and now in current year it is Rs14.35.we can see that Investment Turnover Ratio is more in 2009 while less in 2011 which indicates that it is decreasing year by year.
1 2 3 4 5 6 Fig3.15
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15Total Income Table 3.15 Company Geojit BNP Paribas Financial Services India Infoline Ltd. Motilal Oswal Financial Services Sugal & Damani Share Brokers Realigare Enterprises Indiabulls Financial Services Average
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From the above Table and chart we can see that Average of Total income of Stock Brokers in India in 2009 was Rs435.3233,in year 2010 was Rs435.6617,now in current year 2011 it is Rs549.2283. we can see that Total Income of Stock Brokers in India is more in 2011 while less in 2009 which indicates that it is growing year by year. Total Expenses Company Geojit BNP Paribas Financial Services India Infoline Ltd. Motilal Oswal Financial Services Sugal & Damani Share Brokers Realigare Enterprises Indiabulls Financial Services Average 2011 194.39 511.88 6.55 5.83 74.07 503.69 216.068 3 2010 193.39 419.14 4.1 7.14 40.95 492.99 192.951 7 2009 127.48 383.42 3.91 5.31 16.08 572.07 184.711 7 16 Total Expenses Table 3.16
1 2 3 4 5 6
Fig 3.16
From the above table and chart we can see that Average of Total Expenses of Stock Brokers in India in 2009 was Rs184.7117,in 2010 was Rs192.9517,in current year 2011 it is Rs216.0683
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Stock Brokers helps the Investors(their clients) to invest by Buying and Selling Shares for them and sometimes by suggesting about which company to buy which company to Sell .At what time and what Price.
1.
2. 3. 4.
5.
6. 7.
Stock Brokers Buy and Sell for their Investors. There has been a tremendous growth in the Stock Brokering Services since 2009. Stock Brokers give market knowledge to their Client. Fixed Assets has increased more with the Stock Brokers in India. However, this shows a good sign of increase in consequent years as compared to base year. An investment made by Stock Brokers in India is Increasing Year by Year compared to basic Year2009 which is again a good sign of Stock Brokers in India. Number of Stock Brokers in India is growing Year by Year compared to base year 2009. Numbers of Corporate Stock Brokers are more in India compared to other Basis Stock Broker in India.
SUGGESTIONS
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Total Assets
Total Liabilities
Investments
Earning Per Share 2009 2010 Total Number of Current Ratio 8,652 8,804 Stock Brokers In India Investments Turnover Ratio Total Income 2011 9,235
Total Expenses
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Stock Exchanges 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Ahmedabad Bangalore BSE Bhubaneswar Calcutta Cochin Coimbatore Delhi Gauhati ISE Jaipur Ludhiana MPSE Madras NSE OTCEI Pune UPSE Vadodara
Total
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2011 137 135 183 196 656 351 88 181 93 566 457 216 160 112 73 147 124 252 245
4372
2010 139 129 147 195 667 350 87 169 94 569 460 209 153 104 68 148 125 259 245
4317
2009 143 128 148 194 682 346 87 130 99 570 464 212 139 96 61 149 126 269 245
4288
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2011 19 4 31 0 44 9 0 32 1 29 6 2 1 14 77 18 7 3 3
300
2010 19 3 30 0 44 9 0 32 1 29 6 2 1 14 67 18 7 5 3
290
2009 21 3 31 0 44 10 0 32 1 29 6 2 1 14 57 19 7 5 3
285
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Total
4563
4197
4079
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Number of Stock Brokers In India According to different basis -2009 Proprietorship basis Stock Brokers
Nos
Percentage 49.56%
4288
Partnership basis Stock Brokers Corporates basis Stock Brokers Total Stock Brokers
05Number of Stock Brokers In India According to different basis -2009 06Number of Stock Brokers In India According to different basis -2010
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Partnership basis Stock Brokers Corporates basis Stock Brokers Total Stock Brokers
07Number of Stock Brokers In India According to different basis -2011 Number of Stock Brokers In India Nos Percentage According to different basis -2011 Proprietorship basis Stock Brokers 4372 47.34%
300
3.24%
4563 9235
49.40% 100%
1 2 3 4 5 6
13.9 12.58 9.57 3,201.11 2,583.29 2,518.64 20,740.2 11,000.0 0 8 9,577.56 4396.46 2310.88 7 2675.61 5
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11Profit Before Tax Profit before tax Company Geojit BNP Paribas Financial Services India Infoline Ltd. Motilal Oswal Financial Services Sugal & Damani Share Brokers Realigare Enterprises Indiabulls Financial Services Average
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13Current Ratio Current Ratio Company 2011 2010 2009 Geojit BNP Paribas Financial Services 2.01 1.53 1.32 India Infoline Ltd. 1.03 0.97 1.11 Motilal Oswal 4.75 7.37 11.42 14Investments Financial Services Turnover Ratio Sugal & Damani Share 1.25 1.66 18.9 Brokers Investments Turnover Realigare Enterprises 0.44 97.46 0.25 Ratio Indiabulls Financial 3.13 2011 1.97 Company 2010 2.07 2009 Services 1 Geojit BNP Paribas ---Average Financial Services 2.10166 18.4933 5.845 713.13 3 -- 966.7 2 India Infoline Ltd. 7 Motilal Oswal Financial 3 Services -0.47 1.7 Sugal & Damani Share 4 Brokers 15.74 5.75 -155.5 882.6 5 Realigare Enterprises -4 8 Indiabulls Financial 6 Services --617.0 Average 14.35 53.92 5
1 2 3 4 5 6
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1 2 3 4 5 16 2
15Total Income Company Geojit BNP Paribas Financial Services India Infoline Ltd. Motilal Oswal Financial Services Sugal & Damani Total Expenses Share Brokers Company Realigare Enterprises Geojit BNP Paribas Indiabulls Financial Financial Services Services India Infoline Ltd. Average Motilal Oswal Financial
2011 271.16 799.56 64.24 8.24 2011 103.93 2,048.24 194.39 511.88 549.228 6.553 5.83 74.07 503.69 216.068 3
2010 287.17 698.19 64.25 8.57 2010 135.5 1,420.29 193.39 419.14 435.661 4.17 7.14 40.95 492.99 192.951 7
2009 158.87 571.61 72.24 5.94 2009 27.44 1,775.84 127.48 383.42 435.323 3.913 5.31 16.08 572.07 184.711 7
3 Services Sugal & Damani Share 4 Brokers 5 Realigare Enterprises Indiabulls Financial 6 Services Average Expenses
16 Total
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
As variety of different flowers make one beautiful collection. In same way i have collect all information & data too many topics for a way to i search. The sources of secondary data are as listed below:
Reference Book:
Financial markets and Services.Dr.k.Gordon,Natranjan Himalaya Publishing House. Fourth Revised edition : 2007
New Issue Market and Stock Exchange of India Chapter Investment Management
Webiblography:
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