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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Acid base Equilibrium Review Modified True/False - Indicate whether the statement is true or false. . A system at equilibrium means the concentration of reactants is equal to the concentration of products. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A concentrated weak base can have a lower pOH than a dilute strong base. Conjugate acid base partners differ by a single proton. Salts containing anion which is not found in a strong acid can act like weak bases. The Kb expression for SO42- ion is Kb = [HSO42-][OH1-] / [SO42-]. When HCl is titrated with NaOH the endpoint is indicated when an excess of HCl turns the indicator a different colour.

Multiple Choice - Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 8. A concentrated weak acid is best described as which of the following? a. a solution with a low pH b. a solution where the concentration of undissociated acid particles is low compared to the concentration of hydronium ions c. d. e. a solution where the concentration of hydronium ions is large compared to the concentration of undissociated acid particles a solution with a high pH a solution where the concentration of undissociated acid particles is high and the relative quantity of hydronium ions is small

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9. Which of the following salts act like acids when applied to the soil? a. BeCl2 d. NaF b. KF e. KCl c. FeI3

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10. If a pH meter was placed in a 1.4 mol/L solution of nitric acid the reading would be which of the following? a. 1.4 d. 0.15 b. 14.15 e. 0.0 c. 0.15

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11. Which of the following salts acts like a base when added to water? a. sodium perchlorate d. both a and b b. potassium nitrite e. both b and c c. lithium sulfite

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12. When 45 mL of 0.65 mol/L acetic acid is added to 65 mL of 0.45 mol/L sodium hydroxide the resulting mixture is/has a(n) a. neutral d. pH < 7 b. basic e. both c and d c. acidic

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13. When equal quantities of citric acid and lithium hydroxide are combined the solution is/has a a. neutral d. pH = 7 b. basic e. both a and d c. acidic

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14. The Kb for four bases are CN1- = 1.6 10-5, CO32- = 2.1 10-4, NH3 = 1.8 10-5, F1- = 1.5 10-11. If the pH's of 0.50 mol/L solutions of each of these weak bases were measured and they were placed in order from highest pH to lowest the result would be which of the following? a. CN1-, CO32-, NH3, F1d. CO32-,CN1-,NH3, F1211b. CO3 ,NH3, CN , F e. none of the above c. F1-, CN1-,NH3,CO32-

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15. A small amount of NaOH(aq) is added to this buffer system HCHO2 + H2O <=====> H3O1+ + CHO21Which one of the following statements are true? a. the pH drops only a little since the equilibrium shifts right b. the pH rises only a little since the equilibrium shifts left c. d. e. the pH drops only a little since the equilibrium shifts left the pH rises only a little since the equilibrium shifts right the pH does not change since the buffer uses up all the HCl(aq)

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16. A small amount of HCl(aq) is added to this buffer system NO31- + H2O <=====> OH1- + HNO3 Which one of the following statements are true? a. the pH drops only a little since the equilibrium shifts right b. c. d. e. the pH rises only a little since the equilibrium shifts left the pH drops only a little since the equilibrium shifts left the pH rises only a little since the equilibrium shifts right the pH does not change since the buffer uses up all the HCl(aq)

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17. For sulfurous acid the Ka1 = a. [SO32-][H1+]2 / [H2SO3] b. [HSO42-][H1+] / [H2SO3] c. [SO31-][H1+]2 / [H2SO3]

d. e.

[HSO31-][H1+] / [H2SO3] [H2SO3] / [SO31-][H1+]2

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18. For cyanide ion (CN1-) the Kb = a. [OH1-][HCN] / [CN1-] b. [CN1-] / [OH1-][HCN] c. [OH1-][HCN1-] / [CN]

d. e.

[C4-][N3+] / [CN1-] none of the above

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19. A solution of sodium oxalate has a pH of 7.82. The [OH1-] in mol/L must be which of the following? a. 6.18 d. 7.82 b. 1.5 10-8 e. 7.82 c. 6.6 10-7

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20. If the Kb of a weak acid is 2.9 10-8, the Ka of its conjugate acid partner must be which of the following? a. 2.9 10-8 d. 3.1 10-7 b. 6.46 e. 3.4 10-7 c. 7.54

21. A 1.0 M solution of a weak acid is found to dissociate by only 1.37%. Determine which of the following acids it is likely to be: Nitrous Acid (HNO2) Ka = 6.0x10-4 Formic Acid (HCHO2) Ka = 1.9x10-4 Acetic Acid (CH3COOH) Ka = 1.8x10-5 Hydrofluoric acid (HF) Ka = 6.9x10-4 22. Write a balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction between barium hydroxide and hydrofluoric acid. Name the salt that is formed 23. Sketch a titration curve for a weak base being titrated with a strong acid in the space below

24. Which of the following pH indicators would be best for the titration curve you sketched in question above? Explain.Methyl Red (pH at endpoint = 5 Bromothymol Blue (pH at endpoint = 7) phenolphthalein (pH at endpoint = 9) 25. Determine the pH of a buffer system that is 1.0M acetic acid and 1.0M sodium acetate. Find the pH of this buffer in which 50.0mL of 1.2M HCl is added to 500 mL of this buffer solution. What would the final pH have been if the HCl had been added to 500.mL of pure water instead? (Ka for acetic acid = 1.8 x 10-5) 26. Write an equilibrium expression showing how the fluoride ion acts like a base. Be sure to identify the conjugate acid-base partners in the equilibrium 27. If the pH of an acid solution at 25oC is 6.18, what is the pOH; and the [H1+], [OH1-] in mol/L? Problem 23. What is the concentration of a monoprotic weak acid if its pH is 5.50 and its Ka = 5.7 10-10? 24. A weak base with a concentration of 1.3 mol/L has a percent ionization of 0.72%. What is the Kb of this weak base? 25. What is the percent ionization of a 1.38 mol/L weak acid if its Ka = 2.7 10-6? 26. What is the pH of a 1.24 mol/L solution of HCN(aq) if its Ka = 6.2 10-10? 27. What is the pH of a 3.4 mol/L solution of KOH? 28. 25 mL of standardized 0.45 mol/L NaOH is titrated with 21 mL of 0.35 mol/L acetic acid. Calculate the pH of the solution.

Acid base Equil Answer Section MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: F, forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction F, from below 0 and above 14 T PTS: 1 T PTS: 1 T PTS: 1 FKb = [HSO41-][OH1-] / [SO42-] F, NaOH 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: K/U K/U I K/U I I I I I K/U K/U I K/U

REF: REF: REF:

I K/U MC

MULTIPLE CHOICE ANS: E PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: E PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: B PTS: ANS: D PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: D PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: C PTS: ANS: E PTS: SHORT ANSWER

OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ:

8.2 8.3 8.1 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.3 8.5 8.5 8.2 8.3 8.2 8.1

21. ANS: F1-(aq) + H2O(l) base-1 acid-2 PTS: 1

<=====>

HF(aq) + OH1-(aq) acid-1 base-2 K/U OBJ: 8.1 STA: CS2.01

REF:

22. ANS: pOH = 7.82, [H1+] = 6.6 10-7 mol/L., [OH1-] = 1. 5 10-8 mol/L. PTS: 1 REF: I OBJ: 8.2 STA: CS2.06

PROBLEM 23. ANS: HX(aq) <=====> H1+(aq) + X1-(aq) x 10-pH 10-pH [H1+] = 10-pH = 10-5.50 [H1+] = 3.16 10-6 mol/L (3.16 10-6)2 / = 5.7 10-10 x = 1.8 10-2 mol/L PTS: 24. ANS: initial shift @E 1.3 (0.72)(1.3)/100 XOH <=======> 1.3 X1+ + OH1 1 REF: I OBJ: 8.2 STA: CS2.06

Ka = ((0.72)(1.3)/100)2 / 1.3 = 6.7 10-5 PTS: 25. ANS: initial shift @E HY(aq) <====> H1+(aq) + Y1-(aq) 1.38 -x 1.38 x x x x x 1 REF: I OBJ: 8.2 STA: CS2.06

x2 / 1.38 = 2.7 10-6 x = (2.7 10-6 1.38)0.5 pH = log x pH = 2.71, % Ionization = 100(x / 1.38) = 0.14% PTS: 26. ANS: initial shift @E HCN(aq) <====> H1+(aq) + CN1-(aq) 1.24 -x x x x x 1.24 x 1 REF: I OBJ: 8.2 STA: CS2.06

x2 / 1.24 = 6.2 10-10 x = (6.2 10-10 1.24)0.5 pH = log x pH = 4.56 PTS: 1 REF: I OBJ: 8.2 STA: CS2.06

27. ANS: KOH is completely ionized since it is a strong acid. [OH1-] = 3.4 mol/L pOH = log [OH1-] = 0.53 pH = 14 pOH pH = 14.53 PTS: 28. ANS: NaOH n=CV (mol) initial reacted left over (0.45 mol/L 0.025 L) 0.01125 0.00735 0.0039 0.00735 0.00735 0 + HC2H3O2 -----> NaC2H3O2 + H2O (0.35 mol/L 0.021 L) 1 REF: I OBJ: 8.2 STA: CS2.06

COH1- = n/V = 0.0039 mol / 0.046 L = 0.0848 mol/L pOH = log[0.0848] = 1.07 pH = 14 1.07 = 12.93 PTS: 1 REF: I OBJ: 8.4 STA: CS2.08