The common belief of some linguists that each language is a perfect vehicle for the thoughts of the nation

speaking it is in some ways, the exact counterpart of the conviction of the Manchester school of economics that supply and demand will regulate everything for the best. Just as economists were blind to the numerous cases in which the law of supply and demand left actual wants unsatisfied, so also many linguists are deaf to those instances in which the very nature of a language calls forth misunderstandings in everyday conversation, and in which, consequently, a word has to be modified or defined in order to present the idea intended by the speaker: "He took his stickno, not John's, but his own." No language is perfect, and if we admit this truth, we must also admit that it is not unreasonable to investigate the relative merits of different languages or of different details in languages.

The primary purpose of the passage is to (A) analyze an interesting feature of the English language (B) refute a belief held by some linguists (C) show that economic theory is relevant to linguistic study (D) illustrate the confusion that can result from the improper use of language (E) suggest a way in which languages can be made more nearly perfect

Which of the following contributes to the misunderstanding described by the author in lines "He took his stickno, not John's, but his own."? (A) It is unclear whom the speaker of the sentence is addressing. (B) It is unclear to whom the word "his" refers the first time it is used. (C) It is unclear to whom the word "his" refers the second time it is used. (D) The meaning of "took" is ambiguous. (E) It is unclear to whom "He" refers.

A couple of decades ago, communicable diseases were the bane of society, particularly in the developing countries. But today, non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes have taken their place in the developed as well as developing countries. A more sedentary lifestyle and consumption of calorie-rich food are largely to be blamed for these diseases becoming widely prevalent. Already, half of all adults and a fifth of children in the European region have been found overweight and one third of these people are categorized as obese. In a radical departure from solely blaming the people for choosing such self-destructive behavior, the European Charter on Counteracting Obesity (ECCO) signed recently by 53 member States wants all stakeholders including governments to play an active role in reversing the trend. By specifying that "reduction of fat, free sugar and salt in manufactured products" is needed to fight obesity, the charter has placed equal responsibility on the producers. It has spoken strongly against the practice of exploiting children by "commercial activities" and setting the stage for an unhealthy consumption pattern in life. Several studies have shown that the number of children and adults becoming overweight and obese is on the rise in India, where the number of diabetics is the highest in the world and the number of deaths every year due to heart disorders is expected to touch two million by 2010. This, while the communicable diseases are still prevalent, leads to a double whammy. The national program for prevention of non-communicable diseases launched by the Government of India to reverse the disturbing trend has come not a day too soon. What is particularly worrying is that consuming junk food is coming to be regarded as a lifestyle statement. A sustained campaign is required to educate people particularly children on the risks of consuming junk food. Which of the following summarizes the author's views in the passage? A. Government of India has made considerable progress in eliminating diabetes among its young population by implementing the directives of ECCO effectively B. With the incidence of non-communicable diseases on a rise the time is ripe for an all encompassing sustained campaign which would bring together all the stake-holders (consumers, producers and the government) to educate the people on the risks of taking junk food C. The more sedentary lifestyle has led to an increase in the incidence of communicable diseases, D. There is a sudden increase in non-communicable diseases in the developing countries which are already plagued by communicable diseases. E. In recent times there has been a rapid incidence of non-communicable diseases due to the increasing marketing campaigns aimed at the younger generation.

Which of the following has been stressed on by the ECCO?( Multiple answers) a) Sharing of liabilities by different stake-holders. b) Increased emphasis on marketing and publicity ethics. c) Offering tax incentives to products which have less fat, sugar and salt.

Traveling to other countries for health reasons is becoming popular around the world. This modern day phenomenon, known as medical tourism became viable due to globalization and the number of medical tourists is steadily growing for the past seven years. Consequently, the global medical tourism industry is also growing at an annual rate of about 15 %. This impressive growth is mainly driven by the developing nations, motivated by the immense business opportunities that it provides. Major players in the global market include , Thailand, Costa Rica, Hungary, and Poland. With sophisticated medical technology, and right human resources, each of these countries is competing for its share of the $ 40 billion medical tourism market. Several other countries are encouraging different forms of health care tourism to cash in on the industry's rapid growth. In this arena, India is a new entrant, yet it is considered to be an important player in the global health care tourism industry. In the present global scenario, India has several competitive advantages over other countries. The competitive pricing of the medical services, in India, is the most important feature that many patients find attractive. The cost of world - class health care services with the same technology and equally competent specialists in many other countries in the world would be comparatively too expensive. Medical expenses for most forms of ailments in United States and Britain is said to be at least ten times more expensive than in India. In addition to this, India also enjoys a strong reputation in various advanced health care services. Excellent infrastructure and the availability of highly skilled personnel makes India a favored medical tourism destination. Indian medical education produces 30,000 doctors and nurses, adding to the already existing pool of over 14 lakh health care personnel in the country. This supports the industry constantly. India is viewed by others as the centre for holistic medicinal services. Unlike most other countries, India provides health care tourists with multiple choices of alternate forms of medicine. Traditional therapeutic forms and health care practices such as ayurveda and yoga is already famous and attracts large number of patients looking for non-surgical cure to various ailments. Being one of the few places in the world to offer almost all kinds of geographical, cultural and historical diversity, India's fame as an important destination for leisure tourism helps it reassert its position in medical tourism as well. These factors have not only led India to emerge as a key player in the global market, but also increase the popularity of health care tourism in the country. Exceptional hospitality and high quality of service are key features that mark all the Indian institutes involved in medical tourism. Many of these hospitals and institutions that attract the most number of medical tourists to the country specialize in alternative medicine, bone-marrow transplant, cardiac surgery, eye surgery and orthopedic surgery. Institutes catering to health tourists are spread across the country. However, medical tourism is concentrated in the cities, New Delhi, Mangalore, Mumbai and Chennai. Of these, the south Indian city of Chennai attracts 45% of health tourists from abroad and is called India's Health Capital.~n Medical tourism promises to be a major contributor to the Indian economy. Estimates say that by 2012, medical tourism in India will produce $2 billion a year. The annual growth rate of 30 %makes the analysts

predict that by 2015, health care tourism will grow into a Rs. 9,500-crore industry. Support from the government in the form of favourable legislations is necessary to boost the growth of the industry further. A proper regulatory framework for hospitals, adequate investments in health infrastructure, introduction of uniform pricing policies across hospitals, are a few things required to India withstand the competition and remain as one of the global leaders in medical tourism. Which of the following act as an advantage for India over other countries when it comes to medical tourism?( Multiple answers) a) The competitive pricing of the medical services. b) Traditional therapeutic forms and health care practices. c) Increase in annual growth