Planning and Scheduling in Manufacturing and Services Michael Pinedo, Springer Series in Operations Research and Financial Engineering, 2005, Chapter 5.6 or Operations Scheduling with Applications in Manufacturing and Services, Michael Pinedo and Xiuli Chao, McGraw Hill, 2000 Appendix C or Scheduling, Theory, Algorithms, and Systems, Michael Pinedo, Prentice Hall, Second Addition, 2002, 19.6
Introduction to LEKIN
Machine Environments
Single Machine Parallel Machines Flow Shop Job Shop Flexible Flow Shop Flexible Job Shop Generalisations: more than one machine of each type
Methods
Built-in Heuristics Dispatching Rules EDD (earliest due date), MS (minimum slack), LPT (longest processing time), SPT (shortest processing time), WSPT (weighted processing time) FCFS: (F)irst (C)ome (F)irst (S)erve CR : Critical Ratio rule Schedules jobs according to the ratio of the time left until the due date and the remaining processing time.
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Shifting Bottleneck Heuristics Local Search Heuristic Hybrid Method: SB-LS: Combination of Shifting Bottleneck and Local Search heuristics
Automated Scheduling
User-defined Heuristics Users can write new heuristics methods and use the plug-in feature Operate as external executables with standardised input and ouput parameters Allows researchers to test and develop new algorithms in an interactive environment. Facilitates comparison between various methods Makespan
Criteria
Cmax Tmax
Maximum Tardiness Total Number of Late Jobs Total Flow Time Total Tardiness Total Weighted Flow Time Total Weighted Tardiness
U C T w C
j j
w jT j
Machine Information
Job Information
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Jobs
Sequence through machines and start and end 10 times for each machine
Sequence Window
Time
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Automated Scheduling
Displaying schedules
Various Solutions
Performance Criteria
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Examples
A single machine problem
jobs pj dj wj
1 10 4 14
2 10 2 12
3 13 1 1
4 4 12 12
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4. For each job: Enter due date, processing time, and weight Click OK
1. Select single machine environment 2. Set number of machines (already set to 1) 3. Set number of jobs (4)
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Automated Scheduling
Environment display
Generated schedule
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More solutions
EDD: (3214)
LPT: (3124)
J3
WSPT: J2 J1 J4
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(4123)
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EDD WSPT
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LPT
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Automated Scheduling
Setting up the problem Machine (Workcenter) setup Establishing machine route for jobs
1 5 4 7 8
2 3 8 8 4
3 6 2 7 2
4 4 9 6 9
5 9 13 5 1
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Schedule
Summary
Graphics based interactive machine shop scheduling system Ability to schedule a number of different machine environments Valuable as an educational and research tool Extendible with new heuristic techniques Manual Schedule Adjustment Large library of standard problems included in package Industrial version currently in development
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