SECTION 7.

4 AGRICULTURAL LAND PREPARATION

(Revised January 2003)

EMISSION INVENTORY SOURCE CATEGORY Miscellaneous Processes / Farming Operations EMISSION INVENTORY CODES (CES CODES) AND DESCRIPTION 620-614-5400-0000 (47332) Agricultural Land Preparation

METHODS AND SOURCES The land preparation source category includes estimates of the airborne soil particulate emissions produced during the preparation of agricultural lands for planting and afterharvest activities. Operations included in this methodology are discing, shaping, chiseling, leveling, and other mechanical operations used to prepare the soil. Dust emissions are produced by the mechanical disturbance of the soil by the implement used and the tractor pulling it. Soil preparation activities tend to be performed in the early spring and fall months. Table 1 shows the estimated soil preparation particulate emissions for each California county. Particulate emissions from land preparation are computed by multiplying a crop specific emission factor by an activity factor. The crop specific emission factors are calculated using operation specific (i.e., discing or chiseling) emission factors developed by UC Davis researchers1, which are combined with the number of operations provided in the crop calendars. The activity factor is based on the harvested acreage of each crop for each county in the state. In addition, acre-passes are computed, which are the number of passes per acre that are typically needed to prepare a field for planting a particular crop. By combining the crop acreage and the operation specific emission factor, we estimate the particulate matter produced by agricultural land preparation operations. The particulate dust emissions from agricultural land preparation are estimated for each crop in each county in California using the following equation.

Emissionscrop = Emission Factorcrop Acres crop

The crop emissions for each county are summed to produce the county and statewide particulate matter (PM) and PM10 emission estimates. The remainder of this section discusses each component of and related to the above equation.

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Acres. The acreage data used for estimating land preparation emissions are from the California Department of Food and Agricultures (CDFA) summary of crop acreage harvested in 2000. The acreage data are subdivided by county and crop type for the entire state, and are compiled from individual county agricultural commissioner reports. Acres for more than 200 crop commodities were reported by CDFA. Complete listings of individual county crop acreage are provided in the land preparation background document. Crop Calendars & Acre-Passes. Acre-passes are the total number of passes typically performed to prepare land for planting during a year. Acre-passes are used in computing crop specific emission factors for land preparation. These land preparation operations may occur following harvest or closer to planting, and can include discing, tilling, land leveling, and other operations. Each crop is different in the type of soil operations performed and when they occur. To get the best estimates available, staff of the ARB met with producers of the various commodities to gather the most realistic and current information available on agricultural practices. Focusing on the largest acreage crops, we were able to gather updated information for about 90 percent of Californias crop acreage. For the crops that were not explicitly updated, we either applied an updated crop profile from a similar crop, or used one of the existing ARB profiles. Table 2.a provides a listing of the land preparation operations of all crop profiles and their emission factors used in California. For updating acre-pass data, we also collected specific information on when agricultural operations occur. Using these data, it was possible to create detailed temporal profiles that help to indicate when PM emissions from land preparations may be highest. The more detailed background document includes detailed crop calendars for each crop with updated information. For all the acre-pass and crop calendar information, the farmers and other agricultural experts of the San Joaquin Valley were instrumental in helping us to update our crop information. The crop calendar consists of twenty representative crop profiles. To make better emission estimates for the over 200 crop commodities reported by CDFA, we assigned each crop to the profile with the highest similarity. The complete listings of individual crop commodities and the assigned profiles are provided in Table 3. Emission factor. The operation specific emission factors used to estimate the crop specific emission factor for agricultural land preparations were initially from a report of University of California at Davis and their subsequent supplementary data analysis 4. After discussions with regulators, researchers, and industry representatives, the emission factors were adjusted based on a combination of scientific applicability, general experience and observations. The initial emission factors were developed based on 1995-1998 test data measured in cotton and wheat fields in California. The operations tested include root cutting, discing, ripping and subsoiling, land planing and floating, and weeding, which are summarized in Table A below.

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Table A. Land Preparation Operation Emission Factor Land Preparation Emission Factor (lbs PM10/acre-pass) Operations Root cutting 0.3 Discing, Tilling, Chiseling 1.2 Ripping, Subsoiling 4.6 Land Planing & Floating 12.5 Weeding 0.8

There are more than thirty different land preparation operations commonly used in California. With five emission factors available, the other operations were assigned best-fit factors based on similar potential emission levels. The assignment of emission factors for operations was based on the expertise and experience of regulators, researchers, and industry representatives. The complete list of land preparation operations and the assigned operation categories are provided in Table 2.b. For each crop, the emission factor is the sum of acre-pass weighted emission factor for each land preparation operation. Table 2.a provides the emission factors for each representative crops in the crop calendar. The figure below illustrates the entire emissions estimation process.
Operation specific Emission Factors (EF_opt)

(EF_opt x Passes)

Crop specific Emission Factor (EF_crop) Crop specific Acres

EF_crop x Acres

Crop Calendar (Number of Passes)

Crop specific Emissions

ASSUMPTIONS 1. The land preparation emission factors for discing, tilling, etc., are assumed to produce the same level of emissions, regardless of the crop type. 2. The land preparation emission factors do not change geographically for counties. 3. A limited number of emission factors are assigned to all land preparation activities. 4. Crop calendar data collected for San Joaquin crops and practices were extrapolated to the same crops in the remainder of the State. Existing crop profiles were used for the small percentage of crops in which update information was not collected. 5. In addition to the activities provided in the crop calendars, it is also assumed that field and row crop acreage receive a land planing pass once every five years.

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6. UC Davis directly measured PM10 emissions. To compute TSP emissions, multiply the PM10 by 2.22, which is the ARBs soil size speciation value for agricultural tilling dust. TEMPORAL ACTIVITY Temporal activity for harvesting is derived by summing, for each county, the monthly emissions from all crops. For each crop, the monthly emissions were calculated based on its monthly crop calendar profile, which reflects the percentage of harvesting activities that occurs in that month. Below is an example of the monthly profile for almonds, cotton, and wheat. Because the crop composite differs by county, the monthly profiles for counties are different. An example of some composite county monthly profiles is shown below in Tables B-1 through B-3. Table 3 lists the composite temporal data for every county. The background document provides details on how the monthly temporal profiles were developed.
Table B-1. Temporal Profiles CES Hours Days 47332 24 7 Weeks 52

Table B-2. Monthly Activity Profile of Selected Crops Crops JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Almonds 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 50 Cotton 0 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 41 Grapes-wine 0 0 0 4 16 16 12 12 12 28 0 0 Table B.3 County Land Preparation Profile Composite County JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL Fresno 3 6 6 2 2 1 3

AUG 4

SEP 2

OCT 12

NOV 30

DEC 29

COMMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Studies are ongoing by the University of California, Davis, to analyze field test data from 70 to 90 additional land preparation tests. As the UCD results become available, they will be incorporated to the emission estimation methodology. If possible, future updates could include county specific crop calendars and crop-pass information instead of being based on San Joaquin Valley practices. CHANGES IN METHOD AND EMISSION ESTIMATES There were significant improvements to the land preparation emissions estimates for this update. These include: Incorporation of new operation specific land preparation emission factors; Development of new crop specific emission factors;

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Use of updated 2000 crop acreage data from the California Department of Food and Agriculture.

These changes produced an emissions reduction of about 50% from the previous 1997 published emission inventory estimates for agricultural land preparation. GROWTH PARAMETERS Growth in this category is based on the crop acreage projection estimated by the Department of Water Resources. The growth varies by regions. SAMPLE CALCULATIONS The instructions and table below summarizes the data computations necessary to estimate the PM10 emissions from agricultural land preparations in Fresno County. The following steps are performed: Step 1: Crop Acreage. The acres harvested for a few of the crops in Fresno County are shown in the Acres column of the table. These data are available from the county agricultural commissioner annual reports or the CDFA. The 2000 acreage data are summarized in the agricultural tilling background document.

Step 2: Insert emission Factor for Crop. Using the crop profile in Table 2.a to get the appropriate crop emission factor. Step 3: Compute Crop Emissions. Multiply the annual harvested acreage for each crop by the emission factor and divide by 2000 lbs/ton to get the annual PM10 emissions. Emissions = (Acres x Emission Factor) / 2000 Step 4: Compute County Total Emissions. Sum the crop PM10 emissions for each county to compute the total county agricultural soil preparation particulate matter emissions. Step 5: Compute TSP. Divide the PM10 emissions by a factor of 0.4543.
Table C. Estimating Agricultural Land Preparation PM10 Emissions in Fresno County Crop Wheat all Rice Milling Cotton lint pima Apples All Etc Total Crop Profile Wheat Rice Cotton Citrus Acres 69500 6160 33400 3205 Emission Factor
(lbs PM10/acre)

PM10 Emissions
(tons/yr)

TSP Emissions
(tons/yr)

3.7 20 8.9 0.07

128.6 61.6 148.6 0.1

283.1 135.6 327.1 0.2

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REFERENCES 1. Flocchini, R.G., James, T.A., et al. Sources and Sinks of PM10 in the San Joaquin Valley (Interim Report), a study for United States Department of Agriculture Special Research Grants Program. Contract Nos. 94-33825-0383 and 98-38825-6063. August 10, 2001. California Agricultural Statistics Service. 2000 acreage extracted from agricultural commissioners reports. Sacramento, CA. Gaffney, P.H., Yu, H. Agricultural Harvest: Geologic Particulate Matter Emission Estimates, Background Document. California Air Resources Board. December 2002. Terry Cassel, Informal write-up for SJV Ag Tech Committee, Evaluation of ARB application of UCD emission factors, July 12, 2002.

2. 3.

4.

UPDATED BY Hong Yu, Patrick Gaffney January 2003

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TABLE 1 2000 Agricultural Land Preparation PM10 and TSP Emissions

EIC: 620-614-5400-0000; CES: 47332; Activity: Acre-Passes Air Basin GBV LC LT MC ID# 2 14 26 17 9 31 3 5 9 22 29 31 32 46 55 15 19 33 36 8 12 23 49 53 27 35 44 18 25 47 19 30 33 36 40 42 56 37 1 7 21 28 38 41 43 48 49 10 15 16 20 24 39 50 54 13 33 4 6 11 31 34 45 48 51 52 57 58 County ALPINE INYO MONO LAKE EL DORADO PLACER AMADOR CALAVERAS EL DORADO MARIPOSA NEVADA PLACER PLUMAS SIERRA TUOLUMNE KERN LOS ANGELES RIVERSIDE SAN BERNARDINO DEL NORTE HUMBOLDT MENDOCINO SONOMA TRINITY MONTEREY SAN BENITO SANTA CRUZ LASSEN MODOC SISKIYOU LOS ANGELES ORANGE RIVERSIDE SAN BERNARDINO SAN LUIS OBISPO SANTA BARBARA VENTURA SAN DIEGO ALAMEDA CONTRA COSTA MARIN NAPA SAN FRANCISCO SAN MATEO SANTA CLARA SOLANO SONOMA FRESNO KERN KINGS MADERA MERCED SAN JOAQUIN STANISLAUS TULARE IMPERIAL RIVERSIDE BUTTE COLUSA GLENN PLACER SACRAMENTO SHASTA SOLANO SUTTER TEHAMA YOLO YUBA STATE TOTAL Acreage 0 4,660 10,935 18,457 396 2,233 6,196 1,880 2,908 1,239 303 13,624 12,950 4,500 770 280,668 13,790 68,678 11,171 2,440 1,600 16,301 36,726 175 319,356 56,726 19,652 76,895 363,716 103,879 9,194 11,328 84,186 27,349 109,106 115,638 99,157 58,006 8,789 31,480 6,336 33,436 3,897 21,268 32,379 23,481 1,189,319 596,420 573,639 302,610 503,793 548,940 386,435 761,224 589,996 68,678 198,477 292,410 224,816 6,477 132,613 26,401 129,514 262,736 52,769 325,147 74,329 9,374,598 AcrePass 0 7,230 20,972 13,503 221 9,702 8,514 1,485 1,620 3,785 308 59,183 18,778 6,525 1,117 775,461 44,740 173,202 21,093 3,538 2,170 15,063 39,854 254 1,361,021 164,716 59,829 121,815 545,563 169,712 29,827 43,467 212,313 51,641 271,633 428,580 224,330 65,430 17,848 97,355 9,167 34,263 13,085 73,223 82,817 25,481 4,315,089 1,647,854 2,312,623 514,663 1,385,331 1,368,065 845,789 1,505,110 1,412,555 173,202 672,571 1,320,937 777,154 28,136 377,036 52,022 331,268 974,087 52,858 1,137,427 231,120 26,766,332 PM10 Emissions (tons/year) 0 10.1 33.2 21.8 0.2 16.9 8.7 2.3 1.7 3.1 0.2 103.0 25.9 9.0 1.5 771.9 41.1 184.3 22.7 4.9 3.1 11.2 37.1 0.4 1,517.3 193.8 63.1 171.2 773.0 259.9 27.4 36.2 226.0 55.6 288.7 406.2 241.6 61.8 17.5 85.3 12.6 26.4 11.6 69.4 82.8 23.7 3,624.9 1,640.2 1,933.0 530.4 1,463.4 1,469.9 933.5 1,450.5 1,917.8 184.3 1,174.5 1,950.7 1,220.0 49.0 409.2 78.3 331.1 1,487.0 82.5 1,202.5 401.9 29,499.9 TSP Emissions (tons/year) 0 22.3 73.1 48.0 0.5 37.2 19.1 5.2 3.8 6.8 0.5 226.8 57.0 19.8 3.4 1,699.1 90.5 405.7 49.9 10.7 6.8 24.7 81.7 0.8 3,339.8 426.7 138.8 376.8 1,701.5 572.0 60.3 79.7 497.4 122.3 635.5 894.1 531.9 135.9 38.5 187.7 27.7 58.1 0.0 25.5 152.7 182.2 52.2 7,979.0 3,610.5 4,254.9 1,167.4 3,221.2 3,235.5 2,054.8 3,192.8 4,221.4 405.7 2,585.4 4,293.9 2,685.5 107.8 900.8 172.4 728.7 3,273.1 181.5 2,646.9 884.6 64,934.9

MD

NC

NCC NEP SC

SCC SD SF

SJV

SS SV

Fraction of PM10 = 0.45 (PM10 Emissions = TSP x 0.4543)

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TABLE 2.a Summary of Crop Profile, Acre-Pass, and Emission Factor

Crop profile Land Preparation Operations Category Acre-Pass Emission Factor Operation Crop (lbs/Acre-pass) (lbs/Acre/year) 1.2 12.5 4 12.5 3.13 1.2 0.07 0.8 1.2 1.2 12.5 1.2 6.9 1.2 12.5 0.8 8.9 12.5 1.2 0.8 1.2 0.8 7.7 1.2 0.8 0.8 1.2 12.5 7.7 12.5 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 6.5 0.8 0.8 4.6 1.2 12.5 2.6 4.6 1.2 0.83 12.5 0.8 4.6 1.2 1.5 12.5 1.2 1.2 0.8 12.5 0.8 12.75 1.2 0.8 12.5 1.2 5.7 1.2 0 0.8 0.8 12.5 1.2 1.2 6.5 1.2 12.5 1.2 0.8 12.5 1.2 1.2 20 0.8 12.5 1.2 4.5

Alfalfa Almonds Citrus Corn

Cotton DryBeans

Garbanzo

Garlic

Grapes-Raisin

Grapes-Table Grapes-Wine

Lettuce*

Melon

No Land Prep. Onions

Rice

Safflower

Unspecified Land Maintenance Float Unspecified List & Fertilize Mulch Beds Finish Disc Land Maintenance Stubble Disc Land Preparation Land Maintenance Seed Bed Preparation Land Maintenance Chisel Shaping Disc Listing Chisel Listing Shaping Disc Land Maintenance Land Maintenance Disc & Roll Chisel List Shape Beds Terrace Spring Tooth Subsoil Disc & Furrow-out Level (new vineyard) Subsoil Disc & Furrow-out Level (new vineyard) Spring Tooth Subsoil Disc & Furrow-out Land Maintenance Disc & Roll Chisel List Plane Shape Beds & Roll Plow Shape Beds Land Maintenance Disc Unspecified List Shape Beds Land Maintenance Chisel Disc & Roll Chisel Land Maintenance Post Burn/Harvest Disc Roll 3 Wheel Plane Harrow Disc Stubble Disc List Land Maintenance Stubble Disc

Discing Land Planing Land Planing Discing Weeding Discing Discing Land Planing Discing Discing Land Planing Weeding Land Planing Discing Weeding Discing Weeding Discing Weeding Weeding Discing Land Planing Land Planing Discing Discing Weeding Weeding Weeding Weeding Ripping Discing Land Planing Ripping Discing Land Planing Weeding Ripping Discing Land Planing Discing Discing Weeding Land Planing Weeding Discing Weeding Land Planing Discing Discing Weeding Weeding Land Planing Discing Discing Discing Land Planing Discing Weeding Land Planing Discing Discing Weeding Land Planing Discing

1.25 0.2 0.25 0.06 1 1 1 0.2 1 4 0.2 2 0.2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 0.2 0.2 1 1 1 1 1 0.2 0.05 1 0.02 0.05 0.5 0.02 0.2 0.05 0.75 0.2 2/2 2/2 2/2 2/2 1 1 0.2 1 0 1 1 0.2 1 1 1 0.2 0.5 1 1 1 1 1 0.2 1

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Emission Factor Operation Crop (lbs/Acre-pass) (lbs/Acre/year) Sugar Beets Disc Discing 1 1.2 Land Plane Land Planing 1 12.5 Subsoil-deep chisel Ripping 1 4.6 Stubble Disc Discing 1 1.2 List Weeding 1 0.8 Land Maintenance Land Planing 0.2 12.5 22.8 Tomatoes Bed Preparation Weeding 2 0.8 Land Preparation Discing 5 1.2 Land Maintenance Land Planing 0.2 12.5 10.1 Vegetables Land Maintenance Land Planing 0.2 12.5 Unspecified Discing 5 1.2 8.5 Wheat Stubble Disc Discing 1 1.2 Land Maintenance Land Planing 0.2 12.5 3.7 * Lettuce profile acre-passes are divided by 2 except for land maintenance operation to remove double cropping count because double cropping is accounted for in the 'Harvested Acres' in the emission calculations. (e.g., if the same land is harvested twice in the same year, the same acreage is counted twice in the county Ag. commissioner crop reports)

Crop profile

Land Preparation Operations

Category

Acre-Pass

TABLE 2.b Summary of Land Preparation Operations and Assigned Operation Categories
Operation Chisel Disc Disc & Furrow-out Disc & Roll Finish Disc Harrow Disc Land Preparation Mulch Beds Plow Post Burn/Harvest Disc Stubble Disc Unspecified 3 Wheel Plane Float Land Plane Laser Level Level Level (new vineyard) Plane Land Maintenance Subsoil Subsoil-deep chisel Bed Preparation List List & Fertilize Listing Roll Seed Bed Preparation Shape Beds Shape Beds & Roll Shaping Spring Tooth Terrace Sulfur Dusting Category Discing Discing Discing Discing Discing Discing Discing Discing Discing Discing Discing Discing Land Planing Land Planing Land Planing Land Planing Land Planing Land Planing Land Planing Land Planing Ripping Ripping Weeding Weeding Weeding Weeding Weeding Weeding Weeding Weeding Weeding Weeding Weeding None Emission Factor (lbs/Acre-pass) 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 4.6 4.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0

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TABLE 3 Summary of CDFA Commodity and Assigned Crop Profile

CDFA Commodity Code 101999 104999 106199 106269 108999 111559 111991 111992 112999 113994 113995 113999 114991 121219 121229 121299 132999 151999 153999 158269 158316 158319 158499 161131 161132 161199 161717 161721 161741 161742 162399 163999 169999 171019 171049 171069 171129 171139 171519 171582 171619 171639 171949 171959 172119 172289 173079 173669 173999 178999 181999 188499 188799 188899 188999 194599 194699 194799 195199 195299 195399 198199 198999 201119 201519 201999 202999 CDFA Crop Name WHEAT ALL RYE GRAIN RICE MILLING FIELD CROP BY-PRODUCTS FOOD GRAINS MISC. CORN WHITE CORN GRAIN CORN SILAGE OATS GRAIN BARLEY MALTING BARLEY FEED BARLEY UNSPECIFIED SORGHUM GRAIN COTTON LINT UPLAND COTTON LINT PIMA COTTON LINT UNSPECIFIED SUGAR BEETS COTTONSEED PEANUTS ALL SAFFLOWER SUNFLOWER SEED PLANTING SUNFLOWER SEED JOJOBA BEANS LIMA LG. DRY BEANS LIMA BABY DRY BEANS LIMA UNSPECIFIED BEANS KIDNEY RED BEANS PINK BEANS BLACKEYE (PEAS) BEANS GARBANZO BEANS FAVA PEAS DRY EDIBLE BEANS DRY EDIBLE UNSPEC. WHEAT SEED RYE SEED RICE SEED OATS SEED BARLEY SEED COTTON SEED PLANTING SAFFLOWER SEED PLANTING BEANS SEED PEAS SEED FIELD CROPS SEED MISC. SEED VEG & VINECROP SEED ALFALFA SEED CLOVER UNSPECIFIED SEED BERMUDA GRASS SEED SUDAN GRASS SEED GRASS UNSPECIFIED SEED OTHER (NO FLOWERS) HAY ALFALFA HAY GRAIN HAY WILD HAY SUDAN HAY OTHER UNSPECIFIED PASTURE IRRIGATED PASTURE RANGE PASTURE FORAGE MISC. SILAGE HAY GREEN CHOP STRAW RICE WILD FIELD CROPS UNSPECIFIED ORANGES NAVEL ORANGES VALENCIA ORANGES UNSPECIFIED GRAPEFRUIT ALL Crop Profile Used Wheat Wheat Rice Cotton Corn Corn Corn Corn Wheat Wheat Wheat Wheat Wheat Cotton Cotton Cotton Sugar Beets Cotton Safflower Safflower Corn Corn Melon DryBeans DryBeans DryBeans DryBeans DryBeans DryBeans Garbanzo DryBeans DryBeans DryBeans Wheat Wheat Rice Wheat Wheat Cotton Safflower DryBeans DryBeans Corn Vegetables Alfalfa Alfalfa Alfalfa Alfalfa Alfalfa Alfalfa Alfalfa Alfalfa Alfalfa Alfalfa Alfalfa No Land Prep. No Land Prep. No Land Prep. Wheat Alfalfa Alfalfa Rice Corn Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Emission Factor (lbs/Acre/year) 3.70 3.70 20.00 8.90 6.90 6.90 6.90 6.90 3.70 3.70 3.70 3.70 3.70 8.90 8.90 8.90 22.80 8.90 4.50 4.50 6.90 6.90 5.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 3.70 3.70 20.00 3.70 3.70 8.90 4.50 7.70 7.70 6.90 8.50 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.70 4.00 4.00 20.00 6.90 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07

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TABLE 3 (continued) Summary of CDFA Commodity Code and Assigned Crop Profile
CDFA Commodity Code 203999 204999 205999 206999 207999 208059 209999 211999 212199 212399 212999 213199 214199 214899 214999 215199 215399 215999 216199 216299 216399 216999 217999 218199 218299 218399 218499 218839 218889 218899 221999 224999 225999 226999 228019 229999 230639 230869 234799 236199 237199 237299 237999 239999 261999 263999 264999 265999 266999 267999 268079 268099 301999 302199 302299 302999 303999 304199 304299 304399 304999 305999 306999 307189 307199 307299 307919 308999 CDFA Crop Name TANGERINES & MANDARINS LEMONS ALL LIMES ALL TANGELOS KUMQUATS CITRUS BY-PRODUCTS MISC. CITRUS UNSPECIFIED APPLES ALL PEACHES FREESTONE PEACHES CLINGSTONE PEACHES UNSPECIFIED CHERRIES SWEET PEARS BARTLETT PEARS ASIAN PEARS UNSPECIFIED PLUMS PLUMCOTS PLUMS DRIED GRAPES TABLE GRAPES WINE GRAPES RAISIN GRAPES UNSPECIFIED APRICOTS ALL NECTARINES PERSIMMONS POMEGRANATES QUINCE CHERIMOYAS BIOMASS ORCHARD FRUITS & NUTS UNSPECIFIED AVOCADOS ALL DATES FIGS DRIED OLIVES GUAVAS KIWIFRUIT BERRIES BLACKBERRIES BERRIES BOYSENBERRIES BERRIES LOGANBERRIES BERRIES RASPBERRIES BERRIES STRAWBERRIES F MKT BERRIES STRAWBERRIES PROC. BERRIES STRAWBERRIES UNSPEC BERRIES BUSHBERRIES UNSPEC. ALMONDS ALL WALNUTS ENGLISH PECANS WALNUTS BLACK CHESTNUTS MACADAMIA NUTS PISTACHIOS ALMOND HULLS ARTICHOKES ASPARAGUS FRESH MARKET ASPARAGUS PROCESSING ASPARAGUS UNSPECIFIED BEANS LIMA GREEN BEANS SNAP FRESH MARKET BEANS SNAP PROCESSING BEANS FRESH UNSPECIFIED BEANS SNAP UNSPECIFIED BEETS GARDEN RAPPINI BROCCOLI FOOD SERVICE BROCCOLI FRESH MARKET BROCCOLI PROCESSING BROCCOLI UNSPECIFIED BRUSSELS SPROUTS Crop Profile Used Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Grapes-Table Grapes-Wine Grapes-Raisin Grapes-Wine Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Almonds Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Citrus Grapes-Table Grapes-Table Grapes-Table Grapes-Table Melon Melon Melon Grapes-Table Almonds Almonds Almonds Almonds Almonds Almonds Almonds Almonds Melon Melon Melon Melon DryBeans DryBeans DryBeans DryBeans DryBeans Sugar Beets Sugar Beets Vegetables Vegetables Vegetables Vegetables Melon Emission Factor (lbs/Acre/year) 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.83 1.50 2.60 1.50 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 3.13 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 5.70 5.70 5.70 0.83 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 3.13 5.70 5.70 5.70 5.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 22.80 22.80 8.50 8.50 8.50 8.50 5.70

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TABLE 3 (continued) Summary of CDFA Commodity Code and Assigned Crop Profile
CDFA Commodity Code 309999 310999 313189 313199 313299 313999 314189 314199 314299 314999 316189 316199 316299 316999 318999 320999 322999 323999 325999 330999 331999 332999 333999 335999 337999 338999 339196 339999 340999 341999 342999 343999 348999 354299 354999 355999 356999 357999 358999 359999 361299 361999 363999 364999 366999 367999 368999 370999 372999 374189 374199 374299 374999 375999 376999 378199 378299 378999 380999 381999 387999 391999 392999 393999 394199 394999 395999 396999 CDFA Crop Name CABBAGE CH. & SPECIALTY CABBAGE HEAD CARROTS FOOD SERVICE CARROTS FRESH MARKET CARROTS PROCESSING CARROTS UNSPECIFIED CAULIFLOWER FOOD SERVICE CAULIFLOWER FRESH MARKET CAULIFLOWER PROCESSING CAULIFLOWER UNSPECIFIED CELERY FOOD SERVICE CELERY FRESH MARKET CELERY PROCESSING CELERY UNSPECIFIED RADICCHIO CHIVES COLLARD GREENS CORN SWEET ALL CUCUMBERS EGGPLANT ALL ENDIVE ALL ESCAROLE ALL ANISE (FENNEL) GARLIC ALL KALE KOHLRABI LETTUCE BULK SALAD PRODS. LETTUCE UNSPECIFIED LETTUCE HEAD LETTUCE ROMAINE LETTUCE LEAF MELONS CANTALOUPE MELONS HONEYDEW MELONS UNSPECIFIED MELONS WATERMELON MUSHROOMS MUSTARD OKRA ONIONS PARSLEY PEAS GREEN PROCESSING PEAS GREEN UNSPECIFIED PEPPERS BELL PEPPERS CHILI HOT PUMPKINS RADISHES RHUBARB RUTABAGAS ONIONS GREEN & SHALLOT SPINACH FOOD SERVICE SPINACH FRESH MARKET SPINACH PROCESSING SPINACH UNSPECIFIED SQUASH SWISS CHARD TOMATOES FRESH MARKET TOMATOES PROCESSING TOMATOES UNSPECIFIED TURNIPS ALL GREENS TURNIP & MUSTARD LEEKS POTATOES IRISH ALL POTATOES SWEET HORSERADISH SALAD GREENS NEC. PEAS EDIBLE POD (SNOW) VEGETABLES ORIENTAL ALL SPROUTS ALFALFA & BEAN Crop Profile Used Lettuce Lettuce Sugar Beets Sugar Beets Sugar Beets Sugar Beets Vegetables Vegetables Vegetables Vegetables Lettuce Lettuce Lettuce Lettuce Lettuce Lettuce Lettuce Corn Vegetables Vegetables Lettuce Lettuce Lettuce Garlic Lettuce Lettuce Lettuce Lettuce Lettuce Lettuce Lettuce Melon Melon Melon Melon No Land Prep. Lettuce Lettuce Onions Lettuce DryBeans DryBeans Tomatoes Tomatoes Melon Sugar Beets Lettuce Sugar Beets Onions Lettuce Lettuce Lettuce Lettuce Melon Lettuce Tomatoes Tomatoes Tomatoes Sugar Beets Lettuce Onions Sugar Beets Sugar Beets Onions Lettuce DryBeans Vegetables Lettuce Emission Factor (lbs/Acre/year) 11.50 11.50 22.80 22.80 22.80 22.80 8.50 8.50 8.50 8.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 6.90 8.50 8.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 6.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 5.70 5.70 5.70 5.70 0.00 11.50 11.50 6.50 11.50 7.70 7.70 10.10 10.10 5.70 22.80 11.50 22.80 6.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 11.50 5.70 11.50 10.10 10.10 10.10 22.80 11.50 6.50 22.80 22.80 6.50 11.50 7.70 8.50 11.50

7.4-12

TABLE 3 (continued) Summary of CDFA Commodity Code and Assigned Crop Profile
CDFA Commodity Code 398199 398299 398399 398499 398559 398599 398899 398999 832919 824999 825379 834999 851999 861999 862480 862999 863999 864663 864999 866209 866559 866605 866999 867055 867170 867171 867179 867205 867206 867209 867360 867435 867559 867663 867664 867669 867899 867999 868999 876130 879999 892999 894999 895999 898999 899999 933179 CDFA Crop Name CUCUMBERS GREENHOUSE TOMATOES GREENHOUSE TOMATOES CHERRY TOMATILLO CILANTRO SPICES AND HERBS VEGETABLES BABY VEGETABLES UNSPECIFIED POTATOES SEED NURSERY FRT/VINE/NUT N-BEAR NURSERY PLANTS STRAWBERRY NURSERY PLANTS VEG. BEDDING CHRISTMAS TREES & CUT GREENS NURSERY FLOWER SEEDS NURSERY BULBS LILY NURSERY FL BLBS./CRMS./RHZ. NURSERY FL. PROPG. MTRLS NURSERY PLANTS ROSE NURSERY PLANTS BEDDING FLOWERS MUMS POTTED NURSERY PLANTS ORCHID FLOWERS POINSETTIA POTTED NURSERY PLANTS POT'D UNSP FLOWERS ASTERS CUT FLOWERS CARNATION CUT STD. FLOWERS CARNATION CUT MIN. FLOWERS CARNATION UNSPEC. FLOWERS CHRYSNTH. CUT STD. FLOWERS CHRYSNTH. CUT POM. FLOWERS CHRYSNTH. UNSPEC. FLOWERS GARDENIAS CUT FLOWERS IRISES CUT FLOWERS ORCHIDS CUT ALL FLOWERS ROSES CUT STANDARD FLOWERS ROSES CUT MIN. FLOWERS ROSES UNSPECIFIED FLOWERS DECORATIVE DRIED FLOWERS CUT UNSPECIFIED FLOWERS FOLIAGE CUT ALL FLOWERS CACTI SUCCULENTS FLOWERS FOLIAGE PLANTS NURSERY TURF NURSERY HERBAC. PRRNLS NURSERY WOODY ORNAMNTALS NURSERY HORT. SPECMN. MISC. NURSERY PRODUCTS MISC. FOREST PRODUCTS FIREWOOD Crop Profile Used No Land Prep. No Land Prep. Tomatoes Tomatoes Lettuce Lettuce Vegetables Vegetables Sugar Beets None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None None No Land Prep. None None None None None Emission Factor (lbs/Acre/year) 0.00 0.00 10.10 10.10 11.50 11.50 8.50 8.50 22.80

0.00

7.4-13

TABLE 4 2000 Agricultural Land Preparation PM10 emissions and Seasonal Profile
AB GBV LC LT MC CO 2 14 26 17 9 31 3 5 9 22 29 31 32 46 55 15 19 33 36 8 12 23 49 53 27 35 44 18 25 47 19 30 33 36 40 42 56 37 1 7 21 28 38 41 43 48 49 10 15 16 20 24 39 50 54 13 33 4 6 11 31 34 45 48 51 52 57 58 County ALPINE INYO MONO LAKE EL DORADO PLACER AMADOR CALAVERAS EL DORADO MARIPOSA NEVADA PLACER PLUMAS SIERRA TUOLUMNE KERN LOS ANGELES RIVERSIDE SAN BERNARDINO DEL NORTE HUMBOLDT MENDOCINO SONOMA TRINITY MONTEREY SAN BENITO SANTA CRUZ LASSEN MODOC SISKIYOU LOS ANGELES ORANGE RIVERSIDE SAN BERNARDINO SAN LUIS OBISPO SANTA BARBARA VENTURA SAN DIEGO ALAMEDA CONTRA COSTA MARIN NAPA SAN FRANCISCO SAN MATEO SANTA CLARA SOLANO SONOMA FRESNO KERN KINGS MADERA MERCED SAN JOAQUIN STANISLAUS TULARE IMPERIAL RIVERSIDE BUTTE COLUSA GLENN PLACER SACRAMENTO SHASTA SOLANO SUTTER TEHAMA YOLO YUBA JANT FEBT MART APRT MAYT JUNT JULT 0.090 0.083 0.048 0.033 0.005 0.077 0.047 0.033 0.170 0.000 0.005 0.094 0.094 0.094 0.031 0.063 0.055 0.094 0.094 0.060 0.008 0.030 0.094 0.022 0.036 0.013 0.078 0.088 0.066 0.063 0.035 0.055 0.094 0.033 0.036 0.022 0.063 0.120 0.118 0.056 0.006 0.027 0.058 0.075 0.030 0.033 0.031 0.047 0.038 0.060 0.073 0.064 0.065 0.068 0.055 0.005 0.009 0.018 0.005 0.078 0.051 0.075 0.011 0.051 0.062 0.006 0.007 0.030 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.054 0.033 0.047 0.015 0.000 0.000 0.008 0.003 0.000 0.029 0.011 0.048 0.000 0.006 0.018 0.033 0.139 0.047 0.015 0.036 0.058 0.048 0.064 0.000 0.021 0.004 0.000 0.133 0.036 0.039 0.003 0.062 0.054 0.059 0.024 0.044 0.051 0.056 0.034 0.035 0.047 0.004 0.016 0.013 0.000 0.014 0.000 0.039 0.012 0.024 0.021 0.000 0.007 0.030 0.000 0.000 0.076 0.069 0.043 0.000 0.284 0.000 0.076 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.057 0.047 0.069 0.060 0.000 0.000 0.008 0.009 0.000 0.030 0.015 0.048 0.008 0.006 0.018 0.047 0.147 0.069 0.060 0.041 0.065 0.052 0.043 0.132 0.160 0.004 0.000 0.133 0.043 0.089 0.009 0.062 0.057 0.117 0.059 0.089 0.109 0.113 0.115 0.045 0.069 0.081 0.079 0.094 0.076 0.123 0.028 0.089 0.086 0.083 0.088 0.082 0.007 0.030 0.005 0.016 0.415 0.011 0.005 0.016 0.001 0.035 0.415 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.016 0.032 0.020 0.014 0.000 0.000 0.038 0.021 0.000 0.020 0.004 0.017 0.042 0.006 0.018 0.032 0.007 0.020 0.014 0.018 0.033 0.012 0.024 0.004 0.005 0.004 0.033 0.014 0.008 0.003 0.021 0.016 0.016 0.003 0.009 0.022 0.032 0.015 0.008 0.026 0.020 0.387 0.355 0.331 0.415 0.117 0.152 0.003 0.362 0.054 0.136 0.405 0.007 0.030 0.021 0.071 0.415 0.048 0.024 0.071 0.003 0.159 0.415 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.016 0.032 0.017 0.015 0.000 0.000 0.144 0.086 0.000 0.023 0.005 0.013 0.042 0.006 0.018 0.032 0.007 0.017 0.015 0.024 0.028 0.012 0.025 0.018 0.006 0.004 0.146 0.014 0.010 0.004 0.086 0.021 0.016 0.003 0.025 0.023 0.037 0.016 0.008 0.026 0.017 0.387 0.355 0.331 0.415 0.123 0.152 0.004 0.362 0.054 0.137 0.405 0.007 0.030 0.021 0.071 0.000 0.048 0.024 0.071 0.003 0.159 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.016 0.032 0.017 0.015 0.000 0.000 0.144 0.086 0.000 0.023 0.005 0.013 0.000 0.006 0.018 0.032 0.007 0.017 0.015 0.024 0.028 0.012 0.025 0.018 0.006 0.004 0.146 0.014 0.010 0.004 0.086 0.014 0.016 0.003 0.025 0.010 0.019 0.005 0.008 0.026 0.017 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.000 0.016 0.000 0.004 0.001 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.009 0.037 0.016 0.055 0.000 0.037 0.019 0.055 0.002 0.123 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.020 0.056 0.073 0.023 0.000 0.000 0.114 0.067 0.000 0.293 0.248 0.250 0.017 0.008 0.030 0.056 0.080 0.073 0.023 0.155 0.183 0.273 0.054 0.014 0.006 0.004 0.114 0.014 0.140 0.004 0.067 0.034 0.020 0.003 0.020 0.012 0.020 0.014 0.007 0.069 0.073 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.000 0.016 0.039 0.004 0.001 0.000 0.003 0.000 AUGT SEPT 0.013 0.044 0.016 0.055 0.000 0.037 0.019 0.055 0.002 0.123 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.021 0.054 0.021 0.015 0.000 0.000 0.114 0.067 0.000 0.025 0.009 0.013 0.000 0.009 0.026 0.054 0.007 0.021 0.015 0.022 0.028 0.015 0.028 0.014 0.006 0.004 0.114 0.023 0.017 0.004 0.067 0.035 0.021 0.004 0.047 0.012 0.022 0.005 0.012 0.035 0.021 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.000 0.016 0.000 0.004 0.001 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.013 0.044 0.016 0.055 0.000 0.037 0.019 0.055 0.002 0.123 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.021 0.054 0.021 0.015 0.000 0.000 0.114 0.067 0.000 0.025 0.009 0.013 0.000 0.009 0.026 0.054 0.007 0.021 0.015 0.024 0.028 0.015 0.028 0.014 0.006 0.004 0.114 0.023 0.017 0.004 0.067 0.020 0.021 0.003 0.020 0.012 0.022 0.005 0.007 0.035 0.021 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.000 0.016 0.000 0.004 0.001 0.000 0.003 0.000 OCTT NOVT DECT 0.281 0.217 0.194 0.240 0.026 0.198 0.113 0.240 0.006 0.276 0.026 0.302 0.302 0.302 0.081 0.204 0.162 0.221 0.302 0.194 0.261 0.226 0.302 0.330 0.345 0.278 0.270 0.273 0.187 0.204 0.188 0.162 0.221 0.244 0.255 0.317 0.209 0.162 0.096 0.179 0.275 0.126 0.283 0.128 0.226 0.119 0.081 0.036 0.091 0.087 0.116 0.113 0.062 0.191 0.162 0.015 0.035 0.028 0.026 0.071 0.208 0.128 0.028 0.083 0.095 0.015 0.281 0.217 0.331 0.203 0.031 0.220 0.344 0.203 0.264 0.000 0.031 0.302 0.302 0.302 0.337 0.198 0.254 0.257 0.302 0.373 0.024 0.169 0.302 0.110 0.173 0.166 0.271 0.291 0.288 0.198 0.214 0.254 0.257 0.205 0.147 0.134 0.222 0.253 0.286 0.367 0.026 0.257 0.202 0.328 0.169 0.297 0.337 0.363 0.322 0.316 0.255 0.307 0.341 0.225 0.254 0.060 0.074 0.087 0.031 0.205 0.188 0.328 0.071 0.331 0.223 0.043 0.277 0.210 0.331 0.203 0.031 0.220 0.344 0.203 0.264 0.000 0.031 0.302 0.302 0.302 0.332 0.194 0.242 0.256 0.302 0.373 0.024 0.169 0.302 0.070 0.139 0.128 0.269 0.291 0.287 0.194 0.160 0.242 0.256 0.176 0.109 0.089 0.215 0.253 0.284 0.367 0.026 0.219 0.177 0.318 0.169 0.287 0.332 0.359 0.321 0.313 0.244 0.286 0.334 0.219 0.242 0.058 0.070 0.082 0.031 0.205 0.182 0.318 0.067 0.320 0.223 0.043

MD

NC

NCC NEP SC

SCC SD SF

SJV

SS SV

7.4-14