About Basins

The Krishna River System

73 E

740
To Nasik
DHIMBE KUKADI

750

760

770

780

79

800

810

KRISHNA BASIN
To Nagpur

190 N

CHASKAMAN

To Mumbai
MULSHI KHADAKWASALA PANSHET

50

MAHARASHTRA PHULGAON
GHOD Sina
DAUND

190

180

BHATGHAR KRISHNA

VIR Nira DHOM KANHAR KHADOSHI 4 Krishna

9 UJJANI
NARSINGPUR

7 Bhima

180

Shivaji

SARATI

Yerla

Sagar

WADAKBAL
SIRDHON

CHINCHOLI BORIOMERGA

9 BENNITHORE
JEWANGI

HYDERABAD
Musi 9

KOYNA
KOYNANAGAR

PURUSHOTHAMAGUDEM MUSI Munneru MADHIRA WADENAPALLI KESSARA To

WARUNJI

KARAD
SAMDOLI ARJUNWAD

TAKALI DEONGAON

KOKANGAON PANDEGAON

170

VARNA

MALKHED

ANDHRA PRADESH Halia

7 HALIA DINDI NAGARJUNA JURALA K.AGRAHARAM SRISAILAM

P.BRIDGE DAMERA-

170
Vishakapatanam 5 Eluru canal

TULASHI RADHANAGARI DUDHGANGA

TERWAD

HIPPARGI

Don BRIDGE

YADGIR Krishna

KURUNDWAD

VANDUR SADALGA BASTEWAD GOTUR

GALGALI
ALAMATI Krishna HUVINHEDGI

CHERLA PONDUGALA PRAKASAM

VIJAYWADA

Ghatprabha BAGALKOT
GOKKAKFALLS

160

DADI

GHATPRABHA
Malaprabha

BAGALKOT
13

NARAYANPUR DAM MANTRALAYAM Tungabhadra

SAGAR

Commamuru canal 5BARRAGE

BAWAPURAM

MALAPRABHA

CHOLACHGUDA

TELUGU GANGA K.C.CANAL

16

To Panaji

4A

KARNATAKA
NAVALGUND

RAJOLIBANDA DIV T.RAMAPURAM 7

LAKSHMIPURAM

To Chennai
PEDDAGANJAM (Inland Waterway) LOCK

OOLLENUR TUNGABHADRA

T.L.CANAL

T.H.CANAL

1 8

BAY OF
15
0

150

INDIA

4 MAROL Varada HARLAHALLI AMKUNDI BRIDGE BYALADAHALLI HONNALI Vedavati

To Bangalore

To Chennai

North Buckinghum canal BHUPASAMUDRAM

KUPPELUR

BENGAL
14
0

140

SHIMOGA TUNGA Tunga

VANIVILASA
KELLODU

BHADRA Bhadra

SAGAR

CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION

To Bangalore
To Plate No. CWC/NBO/B

730

740

750

76

77

78

79

For International / State boundaries and Coast lines refer to Survey of India maps

Map not to scale

Marakkanam

800

810

Projection: International (Polyconic)

The Krishna is the second largest eastward draining interstate river basin in Peninsular India. The basin is situated between east longitudes 730 21 to 810 09 and north latitudes 130 07 to 190 25 in the Deccan Plateau covering large areas in the States of Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. The Krishna Basin is bounded on the north by the ridge separating it from the Godavari basin, on the south and east by the Eastern Ghats and on the west by the Western Ghats. The basin is roughly triangular in shape with its base along the Western Ghats, the apex at Vijayawada and the Krishna itself forming the median. All the major tributaries draining the base of the triangle fall into the Krishna River in the upper two-thirds of its length. The Krishna drains an area of 2,58,948 sq.km. which is nearly 8% of the total geographical area of the country.

The State wise distribution of drainage area is shown in Table below. Name of State Maharastra Karnataka Andhra Pradesh Total Length (km) 306 483 612 1401 Drainage area (Sq.km.) 69,425 1,13,271 76,252 2,58,948 Drainage area % 26.8 43.7 29.5 100.0

The river Krishna rises in the western Ghats at an altitude of 1337 m just north of Mahabaleswar, about 64 km. from the Arabian Sea and flows from west to east through the States of Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh before it joins the Bay of Bengal downstream of Vijayawada. There are about 13 major tributaries which join river Krishna along its 1400 km. course, out of which six are right bank tributaries and seven are left bank tributaries. Among the major tributaries, the Ghataprabha, the Malaprabha and the Tunga Bhadra are the principal right bank tributaries which together account for 35.45% of the total catchment whereas the Bhima, the Musi and the Munneru are the principal left bank tributaries which together account for 35.62% of the total catchment area. The catchment area, length and elevation of source of the tributaries are indicated in Table given below. The important Tributaries of River Krishna Sl.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Name of tributary Koyna Panchganga Dudhganga Ghataprabha Malaprabha Bhima Tunga Bhadra Dindi Peddavagu Halia Musi Paleru Munneru Elevation of Source ( m + m.s.l) 4719 1020 870 884 793 945 610 718 707 708 661 515 238 Length (Km.) 118 74 103 283 304 861 531 178 109 112 265 152 195 Catchment area (Sq.Km.) 4,890 2,575 2,350 8,829 11,549 70,614 71,417 3,490 2,343 3,780 11,212 3,263 10,409

Rainfall Pattern in the Krishna Basin The average annual rainfall in the Krishna basin is 784 mm. The South West Monsoon sets in by middle of June and withdraws by the middle of October. About 90% of annual

rainfall is received during the Monsoon months, of which more than 70% occurs during July, August and September. Water Resources Development The Average Annual Surface Water Resource Potential of Krishna Basin has been assessed to be 78.12 BCM. The utilizable surface water potential has been estimated as 58.00 BCM and the Replenishable Ground Water Resource is estimated to be 26.41 BCM making the total utilizable water resource of Krishna Basin as 84.41 BCM. Up to the end of IX Plan period, live storage capacity of 41.8 BCM has been created through completed projects and the projects under construction are proposed to create additional storage capacity of 7.74 BCM. Projects having live storage capacity of 1.13 BCM are under consideration for taking up in future. Though few major projects like Krishna delta were in existence prior to independence, planned development of water resources of Krishna basin took place after independence. The completed important major projects in Krishna basin are Koyna and Ujjani projects in Maharashtra state, Almatti, Narayanpur, Ghataprabha, Malaprabha, Bhadra and Tunga Bhadra projects in Karnataka state and P.D. Jurala, Srisailam, Nagarjuna Sagar, Prakasam Barrage, Musi and K C Canal projects in Andhra Pradesh.