UN
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TH
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Geometrical frustration
Antiferromagnetic NN interaction H = J Si.Sj , J>0 on a triangular lattice => frustration
Classical nearest-neighbor AF spins on a kagom lattice Strongly degenerate ground state No long-range order Co-planar states favored by thermal fluctuations S(Q) predicted by numerical simulations - but little is known about the dynamics, S()
Additional interactions Vector chirality: Crystal anisotropy C = i,j Si x Sj Further neighbor interactions Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction may lead to long-range order: k = 0 structure (left): uniform vector chirality k=(2/3,2/3) structure (3 x 3) (right): staggered vector chirality
Most other jarosites (replace H3O by K, ... or Fe by Cr, V,..) order at ~60 K with k=0 structure and doubling of unit cell along c (weak interlayer coupling)
S(Q,E) = SN(Q,E) + SM(Q,E) Easy to subtract phonons Dynamic short-range correlations - characteristic of a spin liquid Non-dispersive S(Q,E)
S(Q,E) = SN(Q,E) + SM(Q,E) Easy to subtract phonons Dynamic short-range correlations - characteristic of a spin liquid Non-dispersive S(Q,E)
Q-dependence
1.5
SM(Q)
1.0
0.5
0.0
2 Q (-1)
Q-dependence
10
(a) 1.5
SM(Q)
1.0
0.5
0.0
2 Q (-1)
Q-dependence
11
(b)
Fit <S0.Si>
2 Q (-1)
Energy dependence
12
D3OFe3(SO4)2(OD)6
150
100
50
10 Energy (meV)
15
Quasielastic Lorentzian
8
13
0.4
(meV)
D3OFe3(SO4)2(OD)6 150 T=14.5 K T=21 K T=36 K T=61 K T=121 K T=238 K
'
"(E) (mbarn/sr/meV)
100
0 0
50
100 T (K)
200
0.0
(T) = 0 + T
0 5 10 Energy (meV) 15
/T scaling ? 2D AFM close to QCP (para -> LRO): expect /T scaling: "()T= F(/T) S. Sachdev, PRL 69 (1992) 2411 No /T scaling !
"T (K mbarn/SR/meV)
14
5000
D3OFe3(SO4)2(OD)6
1000
(T) = 0 + T
500
200
0.01
0.1 /T (meV/K)
Non-Lorentzian response
Deviations from a single Lorentzian at low energy
15
"(E) (mbarn/sr/meV)
14.5 150 21 36
100
61
Scaling ?
2D AFM close to QCP (para -> spin-glass): expect "() ~ S. Sachdev, PRL 69 (1992) 2411 with D OFe (SO ) (OD) -1<<0
3 3 4 2
16
200
Here: =-0.68
"(E) (mbarn/sr/meV)
150
100
50
10 Energy (meV)
15
SCGO(x) = SrCr8-xGa4+xO19
Spin glass behavior in a pyrochlore slab [coupled (partially occupied) kagom planes]
17
KCr3(SO4)2(OD)6
S=3/2, 76% site occupancy orders at 1.6 K shows gap-less spin fluctuations
18
Y0.5Ca0.5BaCo4O7
CW=-2200 K Co2+ (S=3/2) forms kagom layers Co3+ (S=0) occupy interlayer sites
19
Valence disorder?
20
"() ~ 0.7
ZnxCu4-xCl2(OH)6
x<0.66 orders in distorted kagom (S=1/2) with sharp excitations x>0.66 diluted kagom (<90% occupancy) with broad excitations
21
Conclusions
Inelastic neutron scattering measurements on the classical Heisenberg kagom antiferromagnet (D3O)Fe3(SO4)2(OD)6 show clear spin-liquid behavior: dynamic short-range correlations S(Q) very similar to Monte-Carlo simulations of the NN AFM kagom 3 x 3 type correlations indirect evidence of staggered vector chirality "(E) continuum of (probably) gapless excitations (gap < 0.5 meV) that extends out to 20 meV single-Lorentzian component with (T)=1.5+aT meV and additional contributions (multiple time scales) or a non-Lorentzian line shape ("() ~ 0.68) no dynamic scaling behavior
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