HONG KONG ADVANCED LEVEL EXAMINATION

(B)
a

)
(D)
/

1978
. { Sg - T = Sa
T - 3g = 3a
:. Sg - 3g = Sa + 3a
= Ba
a=!
PHYSICS
Suggested Solutions
5g
2. The force exerted by cord on pulley = 2 T
.. Sg T = Sa
:. Sg - T = sc!)

4
Force = 2(15
4
g)
= 15 g
2
1.
3. The change in velocity = Vy - Vx
.. Vy = Vx = V
= Vy2 + Vx
2
- 2VyVx cos 30
2V
2
- 2V
2
cos 30
2V2(1 - cos 30)
= 2V sin 15
...... ::: .>
."
.- :
.. .... '. .. .. .
......
.. .... .
(D)
\
,
4. The centripetal force
= m w
2
The component of weight
= m g cos e
The total tension
= m w
2
+ m g cos e
re
T
I
I ?w
I
I
I
(E)
mg
5. At the north pole, gp = go
At the equator, due to the rotation of the sphere
ge - go = r w
2
gp > ge
The weight decreases from north pole to equator.
(C)
6. In the insulated container, the work done in
compressing the gas is used to increase the internal
energy of the gas. So the would increase.
(E)
obeys the ideal gas equation 7. Because the gas
PV = nRT
The slope for Cc)
2 P:

M
V_mR
T - P
2 mof gas of pressure
f.
V
= 2m
RT
2 M
The slope for
..... : 1
......
..... ;
.2
(C)
(C)
(A)
V 2 m R
T = ME.
2
V _ 4 moR
I-MP
The slope of the line is 4 times that of (c)
From the graph, line (A) is correct.
8. By ideal gas equation, PV = n R T
Initially, PlY = mlRT ..... (1)
Finally, the pressure of the gas = Pv - P
2
:. (P
2
- Pv)V = m2R T ..... (2)
(2) P2 - Pv _ ID2
TIT PI - ml
= (P2 Pv)ml
ffi2 PI
9. Dew is formed as the temperature of the air falls in
the night, so that the saturated vapour in the air
will cQndense on the grass. But cloud will prevent
the radiation of heat energy from the air and the
temperature does not fall to the dew point.
10. The question is out of syllabus
P = A 0 T4
~ P
u = AT4
The unit of 0 = w M-2 K-4
(D)
11. Usually, the width of a
car is about 2 ffi.
2
5 x 10-
3
= ~
tan 3 x
tan 2.5 x 10-
3
= !
x
x = 400 ID
x
2m
~
9
.-3
5xl0 rad
(B)
3
12. By lens fonnula,
1 + 1 _ 1
Y y + 20 - 24
Y + 20 + Y _ 1
y(y + 20) - 24
48y + 480 = Y + 20y
Y - 28y - 480 = 0
y = 40 cm or -12cm (rejected)
(E)
(B)
13. l ~ e n i = A, the light ray is symmetry in the prism,
so the angle of deviation is the minimum.
Angle of deviation = B = minimum
(E)
(D)
15_ In microscope, the lenses used are converging lens.
For high regular magnification, the focal length of
the objective is shorter than the eyepiece.
14. When angle i increases from '0 to 8, the angle r is
greater than the critical angle, so total internal
reflection occurs. Then when the angle i increases
from ~ to I ' deviation cl decreases to a minimum
within 8 and I
." ".
16. For S.H.M. of the spring
Ik 2 7T I ill
w= 1 ill T = W = 27T1 k
:. T a vm
(C)
4
17. The veloci!y of sound in string,
v = / ~ = 84 illS - 1
For stretched string,
f
- 1. IT
- TI ID
... {140 = ~ 1 ( 84) 0.6 IT\ J'
_ 1
210 - I2 (84) I ~ l
{
AI = 0.6 ID _.
A2 = 0.4 m
The length of the string is o. 6 m
(A)
18.
(D)
When the wavelength shifts to the blue end, the
wavelength decreases. As wavelength i, frequency +,
so the star is approaching from the earth.
By Doppler's Effect,
f' = (V ~ c)f
c _ ( c )c
"f' - v-::c J:
1 3 x 10 1
(480 - 0.2) x 10-9 = Cv - 3 x 10
8
)(480 x 10-9)
480 3 x 10
8
479.8 = V - 3 x 10
8
3 x 10
8
(479.8) 480V - (3 x 10
8
)480
V = 125000 m s-1
= 125 km s-1
19. Because when the mica is placed at SI, the light ray
through SI travels longer than that of 52, the path
difference for light rays are largero So in order
to produce interference pattern, the light ray from
52 has to travel longer, the central fringe moves to
A.
(A)
5
20. Let. end-correction be c
A
4 - c = 19 (1)
{ 31t
'4 - c = 59 (2)
(2) - (1) - := 40
It = 80 an
21. Let the thickness of the foil be d
2d = nit .. (1)
{ 2 (2d) := n' (3t) .. (2)
(2). 2 =
lIT n 5
n' 10 n
- -3-
(E)
(E)
19cm
24v'
3.0..
_...----ot I 1
1
\ 1-----

1""'-&4_ ..
When K1 is closed, the p.d.
across 3 n is 12 V which
is not equal to 24 V, so
internal resistance exists
in the battery (R).
24
(--) - 3 = 12
3 + R
R = 3 n
When both keys, K
1
and K
2
,
are closed
1
R =------ + 3 = 5 n
1 1 '
3+6
The current i := := - = 4.8 A
The p.d. across the resistance = 24 - 4.8(3)
. = 906 V
22.
(C)
.....
6
h
_ io
23. The B-field due to i
2
on PQ - ~
The force on PQ = i B ~
_ il i2 ~ 1 1 0
- 2nr
... Force is proportional to i 1 i 2.
Because the current i
1
and i
2
flows in the same
direction, the wires attract each other. So the
force is in direction 2.
(D)
24. Because the resistance in the rectifier is zero, so
the power dissipated in it is zero.
Before rectification, the power dissipated in the
lamps is 50 W ( equal to the shaded area )
.p
But after rectification, only half cycle will the
current flows through the circuit, so the power
dissipated will be half of 50 W= 25 W.
p;
(D)
7
........
... :'.
25. The resistance ofAX = 4000 x } = 1000 Q
The total resistance of the circuit,
1
R = 1 1 + (4000 - 1000)
500 + 1000
= 3333.3 [2
360 1
The p.d. across AX = 3333.3 x ( .1 1)
500 + 1000
= 36 V
(B)
26. The e.m.f. induced in the inductor
d i
s=at
The p.d. across it is maximum when ~ ~ is maximum.
F h h h 1
d i h" h " .
rom t e grap , t e s ope = at w lC IS maxImum at
point ell
(C)
27. When the circuit is purely resistive, the power
dissipated in Reat in the resistor is equal to the
power supply by the battery. So the energy converted
by unit charge round the circuit is equal to the e.m.f.
of the cell.
(E)
28. Because the current i 4 sin w t which is alternating
.. . 10 4
lrms=;Z=/Z
The power dissipated = (i r In s) 2R
4 ?
(72) ~ R
8 R
(B)
29. For the magnetometer,
Opporing Torque = moment of inertia x argular
acceleration
-i B l e = I e
8
0'
10
.. i B ~
e=-,--e
It represents the equation of a S.H.M.
W= li B ~
y I
f = 27rf = 2TTji ~ R-
/13
f Cl; I
(E)
30. The electrostatic force on both the positive rays and
the positron is the same F = qE
TIle acceleration of positive ions, al = !-
ml
The acceleration of positrons, a2 =!-
m2
(B)
31. The electrostatic force,
FE qE
V
qa
100
q 0.025
4000 q
The gravitational force,
Fg = m g
= m g
FE = tan e
Fg
tan 100 4000 g
mg
9. g tan 100
m 4000
The charged particle attracts to the positive plate
q _ g tan 10
ID - - 4000
(A)
9
~ .
. .
.....
32. The peak voltage of the a.c. source = 10 x 3
= 30 V
The root mean square value that measured by the
voltmeter
30 = 21 V
=/Z
(A)
33. N = No e-
At
tn N - -At
tn N = - At
a t
when is plotted against t, the graph is a
straight line.
(B)
34. We can give the direction of motion by the
Fleming's left I-land rule.
(E)
35. Fa =' BqaV
FS = BqSV
Fa = =
. FS qS 1
(B)
.', "
36. The error in k
= error in a + error in b + } error in c + error in cl
(E) is correct because 4% error in d
= 2% error in c only.
(E)
37.
(C)
10
38. (1) TRUE
By law of floation, the upthrust on P is equal to
the weight of P. As the lead shots are placed into
the beaker Qfrom P, the weight of P decreases and
so is the upthrust.
(2) TRUE
(3) TRUE
Because as the shots in P.
mg = VIPwg
VI = .E!-
pW
Shots in beaker Q
_ m
V2 - pr
> pw
V2 < Vl
Volume of water displaced will decrease and
the height H falls.
(A)
39 (1) TRUE
Vo + Vt
The average speed = t
... t -r 00
:. Average speed -+ 0
(2) TRUE
The total distance travelled = Vt
= area under the graph
... Area under the graph is finite
:. The total distance is finite
(3) FALSE
The body comes to rest (speed = 0 ms-I)
When time is infinity.
(B)
40. (1) FALSE
The of all fluids are not linear.
(2) FALSE
Not all thermometers agree at these temperatures,
but we calculate that all thermometers agree at
11
these points.
(3) TRUE
(E)
(C)
41. By ideal gas equation,
PV = nRT
At the same temperature, pressure, volume, the number
of moles of gas is fixed.
(1) FALSE
The expression does not relate to the mass of the
gas.
(2) TRUE
(3) TRUE
The avogadro no. = 6 x 10
23
molecules/mole
For same no.. of moles of gas, the no.. of
molecules is the same.
42. The question is out of syllabus.
(1) TRUE
For a real gas,
Cp -Cv=R
:. ~ > 1
(2) FALSE
For the idea gas, Y > 1
(3) FALSE
y for a diatomic gas < y for a rnonoatomic gas.
Because the internal energy of the diatomic gas
involves translational kinetic energy, vibrational
energy and rotational energy.
r",
'1
......,
r I
(D)
I r
r!.....
I
i I
~
t 1
--..J...jC---------
sin 90
n2 = sin r
. 1
Sln r = -
n2
sin i _ n2
sin r -. nl
43.
12
nl - sin i
sin 90
Sln 1
sin i n2 = n2
nl
1
.....
' ..
(E)
i ...
_ C
}.l1 - Vl
_ C
}.l2 - V2
:V1>V
1
:. }.l2 < }.ll
(3) FALSE
The diagram shows the situation, so it is
possible. (D)
(1) FALSE
The critical angle equal to i.
(2) FALSE
The critical angle is independent of n2 and t.
(3) TRUE
The expression does not involve n2.
44. (1) TRUE
sin i_VI
srnr - V
2
.. r > i
. V
2
> VI
(2) FALSE
45. (1) TRUE
Longitudinal waves have already been polarised.
(2) TRUE
(3) FALSE
Interference causes the colors seen in oil film.
(B)
.':::
13
N.
46. (1) TRUE
(2) TRUE
(3) FALSE
s
.s
Direction is away from the equator because Hong
Kong situates at the north hemisphere.
(D)
(C)
++
B.
/ // ~
-------..... ++ C
.+. +.-----
A
+ + + ' ' - - - j L - - - : - ~ - : - - : - / --
47. (1) FALSE
A has a surplus of
positive charge ..
(2) TRUE
Diagram shows that
B has a surplus of
negative charge.
(3) TRUE
14
48. (1) TRUE
E =
c
e
unit of E is Nc-
1
(2) TRUE
c V As V
Unit of cR = (V) (ft) = (V) (p) = s
(3) TRUE
E = ~ cV
2
2E
c = V2
Unit of c = JV-2
(A)
49. (1) FALSE
A dark line of wavelength 589 nm is seen in
the spectrum.
(2) & (3) TRUE
This is the phonomenum is the absorption
spectrum.
(C)
15
~ ...
t."
....