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IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS, VOL. 17, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2007

A New Wilkinson Power Divider Design for Dual Band Application

Kwok-Keung M. Cheng, Senior Member, IEEE, and Fai-Leung Wong, Student Member, IEEE
AbstractThis letter presents the design of a new Wilkinson power divider for dual-band application. The proposed circuit also features a simple structure, low loss (distributed element only) and exact solution (ideal characteristics). For verication, the measured results of a microstrip power divider operating at 1 and 2.6 GHz are shown. Index TermsDual band, microstrip, power divider.
Fig. 1. Conventional Wilkinson power divider design.

I. INTRODUCTION OWER dividers are commonly used in the design of microwave and mm-wave circuits such as the feeding network for an antenna array. Dual-band power divider designs have recently been proposed by using a simplied two-section transformer [1] with the drawback of poor output return loss and port isolation [2]. In [3] and [4], a new design was developed to give ideal response by adding two extra lumped components (inductor and capacitor) connected in parallel with the isolation resistor. In this letter, a new, dual-band power divider design based on transmission line only (apart from the isolation resistor) is presented. In addition, closed-form design equations are derived and the issue on practical impedance range is addressed. For verication, the measured results of a dual-band (1 and 2.6 GHz) power divider circuit implemented using microstrip technology are shown.

Fig. 2. Proposed dual-band transformer structure.

II. NEW DUAL-BAND TRANSFORMER AND POWER DIVIDER DESIGN Fig. 1 shows the circuit conguration of a single-band Wilkinson power divider that consists of two quarter-wave) and an isolation length branch-lines (impedance resistor (100 ). Fig. 2 illustrates the structure of the proposed impedance transformer (electrical length of 90 and ), which is composed of a two-section line impedance of . Mathematically, the branch-line and a shunt element ABCD parameters of the proposed circuit and its equivalent (transformer) is related by

Fig. 3. Proposed dual-band power divider circuit.

After some algebraic manipulation, the above matrix equation can be expanded to give (2) (3) (4) (5) Furthermore, these expressions may be simplied as (6)

(1) (7)
Manuscript received March 20, 2007; revised May 21, 2007. This work was supported by the RGC of HKSAR under Grant CUHK411305/[2006]. The authors are with the Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong (e-mail: kkcheng@ee.cuhk. edu.hk). Digital Object Identier 10.1109/LMWC.2007.903454

(8) Since and are both linear function of frequency and for dual-band operation, the values of and evaluated at the two

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CHENG AND WONG: NEW WILKINSON POWER DIVIDER DESIGN

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Fig. 4. Computed line impedance versus frequency ratio (Z

= 50
).

Fig. 7. Simulated and measured port isolation.

Fig. 5. Simulated and measured input return loss.

Fig. 8. Simulated and measured insertion loss.

(12) Subsequently, by combining (6)(10), we obtain (13) (14) (15)

Fig. 6. Simulated and measured output return loss.

designated frequencies (i.e., and are the center frequencies of the upper and lower bands, respectively) may then be obtained by solving (7) as (9) (10) (11)

The shunt element , as dened by (15), can be realized by either a short-circuit stub (90 at ) or an open-circuit stub (180 at ). As illustrated in Fig. 3, a dual-band power divider may then be obtained using the proposed transformer with line impedance calculated by (16) (17) (18) (19)

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IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS, VOL. 17, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2007

and were found to be approximately 60.8, 82.3, and 86.1 , respectively. Scattering parameter measurements were performed using HP8510C network analyzer over the frequency range from 0.1 to 4 GHz. Figs. 59 show the simulated and measured responses of the divider in which the center frequencies of the two operating bands were found to be slightly shifted to 950 and 2550 MHz. Input and output return losses of over 22 dB were measured at the two center frequencies. Good port isolation ( 25 dB) and low insertion loss (about 3.3 dB) performance were also observed. IV. CONCLUSION The design theory and construction of a new, dual-band, Wilkinson power divider has been described. This circuit can achieve excellent electrical performance as well as large frequency-band ratio with practical impedance value. The small discrepancies between the simulated and measured results are mainly due to the fabrication process. REFERENCES
[1] C. Monzon, A small dual-frequency transformer in two sections, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 11571161, Apr. 2003. [2] S. Srisathit, M. Chongcheawchamnan, and A. Worapishet, Design and realization of dual-band 3 dB power divider based on two-section transmission-line topology, Electron. Lett., vol. 39, no. 9, pp. 723724, May 2003. [3] L. Wu, H. Yilmaz, T. Bitzer, A. Pascht, and M. Berroth, A dual-frequency Wilkinson power divider: For a frequency and its rst harmonic, IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 107109, Feb. 2005. [4] L. Wu, S. Sun, H. Yilmaz, and M. Berroth, A dual-frequency Wilkinson power divider, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 278284, Jan. 2006.

Fig. 9. Simulated and measured phase response.

Fig. 4 shows the line impedance com. These results puted as a function of frequency ratio suggest that, by the proper choice of circuit topology, the power divider can be constructed to operate at frequency ratio ranging from 2.0 to 2.75, with impedance value lies between 30 and 120 . Note that the two-section branch-line, as adopted by the previous designs [2][4] and the one proposed here, are all equal in terms of electrical length. III. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS For verication, a dual-band power divider operating at 1 and 2.65 GHz was implemented on a substrate with a dielectric con, stant of 3.38. Based on the design formulas, the values of