MSE 230

HW1 (due 01/14, 01/15)

Spring 2010

1. Soft drinks are marketed in containers made of aluminum, glass, and polyester. (a) Name the main classification of each of these materials. (b) For each of these materials, chose one property from the list below and explain briefly how it contributes to the performance of the material in this application. Properties: density, stiffness or elastic modulus, fracture strength, thermal conductivity, heat capacity, optical transparency, corrosion resistance.

2. The table lists the worldwide annual production of selected materials on a mass basis (metric tons). (a) Complete the table by adding columns for the annual production on a volumetric basis and the values of the densities you use for the conversions. Cite your source of the density data and show one example calculation of the conversion. (b) Make a bar chart comparing the relative production on the two bases and comment on the results.

Material Steel Al-alloys Ti-alloys Polyethylene Polypropylene Wood Concrete Glass Brick

Annual Production (tonnes/yr) 9 x 108 2 x 107 9 x 104 6 x 107 4 x 107 2 x 109 2 x 1010 7 x 107 5 x 107

Density (kg/m3)

Annual Production (m3/year)

3. (a) Reproduce the table and add Elastic Linear Thermal columns for the melting temperature Metal Modulus Expansion Coefficient, (C) and crystal structure (fcc, bcc, (GPa) (m/mC) x 10-6 etc.); cite your source for these data. Al 70 23.1 (b) Make two plots of these data with Cu 100 16.5 clearly labeled axes: i) elastic Fe 210 11.8 modulus versus melting temperature Pb 14 28.9 (C) and ii) thermal expansion Mg 44 24.8 coefficient versus melting temperature Mo 330 4.8 (C). Label each data point with the Co 205 14.4 chemical symbol for the metal and its W 350 4.5 crystal structure. (c) Briefly explain the trends in terms of the bonding energy versus interatomic distance curve. 4. Based on x-ray diffraction measurements, we know that Ti has an hcp crystal structure with lattice parameters a = 0.29512 nm and c = 0.46845 nm. (a) Using this data calculate the density of perfect Ti crystal. (b) Compare this value with that reported for commercially pure Ti in the Appendix B in Callister and explain the slight difference.