Automotive industry in India

The automotive industry in India is one of the largest in the world and one of the fastest growing globally. India's passenger car and commercial vehicle manufacturing industry is the seventh largest in the world, with an annual production of more than 3.7 million units in 2010. According to recent reports, India is set to overtake Brazil to become the sixth largest passenger vehicle producer in the world, growing 16-18 per cent to sell around three million units in the course of 2011-12. In 2009, India emerged as Asia's fourth largest exporter of passenger cars, behind Japan, South Korea, and Thailand. As of 2010, India is home to 40 million passenger vehicles. More than 3.7 million automotive vehicles were produced in India in 2010 (an increase of 33.9%), making the country the second fastest growing automobile market in the world. According to the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers, annual vehicle sales are projected to increase to 5 million by 2015 and more than 9 million by 2020. By 2050, the country is expected to top the world in car volumes with approximately 611 million vehicles on the nation's roads. The majority of India's car manufacturing industry is based around three clusters in the south, west and north. The southern cluster near Chennai is the biggest with 35% of the revenue share. The western hub near Maharashtra is 33% of the market. The northern cluster is primarily Haryana with 32% Chennai, is also referred to as the "Detroit of India" with the India operations of Ford, Hyundai, Renault and Nissan headquartered in the city and BMW having an assembly plant on the outskirts. Chennai accounts for 60% of the country's automotive exports. Gurgaon and Manesar in Haryana form the northern cluster where the country's largest car manufacturer, Maruti Suzuki, is based. The Chakan corridor near Pune, Maharashtra is the western cluster with companies like General Motors, Volkswagen, Skoda, Mahindra and Mahindra, Tata Motors, Mercedes Benz, Land Rover, Fiat and Force Motors having assembly plants in the area. Aurangabad with Audi, Skoda and Volkswagen also forms part of the western cluster. Another emerging cluster is in the state of Gujarat with manufacturing facility of General Motors in Halol and further planned for Tata Nano at Sanand. Ford, Maruti Suzuki and Peugeot-Citroen plants are also set to come up in Gujarat. Kolkatta with Hindustan Motors, Noida with Honda and Bangalore with Toyota are some of the other automotive manufacturing regions around the country.

Contents

1 Overview 13 Market characteristics o 13.1 Market size o 13.2 Demand determinants 14 International Markets 15 International Markets Analysis

16 Basis of Co 2 History 3 Industry Definition 4 Supply Chain of Automobile Industry 5 Key statistics o 5.1 Automobile Production o 5.2 Automobile Sales o 5.3 Automobile Exports o 5.4 Product and service segmentation o 5.5 Vehicle Registration o 5.6 Total Number of Vehicle Registrations in India from 2001 to 2008 6 Emission norms 7 Geographic Segmentation o 7.1 Geographical Segmentation:State-wise motor vehicles registration in India from 2001 - 2008 o 7.2 Geographical Segmentation: Category-wise number of registrations in States of India o 7.3 Geographical Segmentation: Category-wise registration in Union Territories of India 8 Exports o 8.1 Top 20 Export destinations in 2007-2008 and growth from previous year 9 Passenger vehicles in India o 9.1 Indian automotive companies o 9.2 Foreign automotive companies in India 9.2.1 Vehicles manufactured or assembled in India 9.2.2 Vehicles brought into India as CBUs 10 Commercial vehicle manufacturers in India o 10.1 Indian brands o 10.2 Joint Venture Brands o 10.3 Foreign brands 11 Electric car manufacturers in India 12 Electric vehicle and Hybrid vehicle (xEV) industrympetition 17 Life Cycle
o

23.4 Mahindra o & Mahindra o 23.5 Ashok Le

o o o o

18 Industry Conditions 19 Taxation 19.1 Excise Duty 19.2 MODVAT and CENVAT

o o o o o o o o o

19.3 Customs Duty 19.4 Service Tax 20 Industry Assistance 21 Capital and Labour Intensity 22 Industry Volatility 23 Key Competitors 23.1 Tata Motors 23.2 Maruti Suzuki India

23.3 Hyundai Motor Indiayland 24 Key Factors 25 See also 26 Further reading 27 Footnotes

Overview
The Indian Automobile Industry manufactures over 11 million vehicles and exports about 1.5 million each year. The dominant products of the industry are two-wheelers with a market share of over 75% and passenger cars with a market share of about 16%. Commercial vehicles and three-wheelers share about 9% of the market between them. About 91% of the vehicles sold are used by households and only about 9% for commercial purposes. The industry has a turnover of more than USD $35 billion and provides direct and indirect employment to over 13 million people.??? The supply chain is similar to the supply chain of the automotive industry in Europe and America. Interestingly, the level of trade exports in this sector in India has been medium and imports have been low. However, this is rapidly changing and both exports and imports are increasing. The demand determinants of the industry are factors like affordability, product innovation, infrastructure and price of fuel. Also, the basis of competition in the sector is high and increasing, and its life cycle stage is growth. With a rapidly growing middle class, all the advantages of this sector in India are yet to be leveraged. With a high cost of developing production facilities, limited accessibility to new technology, and increasing competition, the barriers to enter the Indian Automotive sector are high. On the other hand, India has a well-developed tax structure. The power to levy taxes and duties is distributed

among the three tiers of Government. The cost structure of the industry is fairly traditional, but the profitability of motor vehicle manufacturers has been rising over the past five years. Major players, like Tata Motors and Maruti Suzuki have material cost of about 80% but are recording profits after tax of about 6% to 11%. The level of technology change in the Motor vehicle Industry has been high but, the rate of change in technology has been medium. Investment in the technology by the producers has been high. System-suppliers of integrated components and sub-systems have become the order of the day. However, further investment in new technologies will help the industry be more competitive. Over the past few years, the industry has been volatile. Currently, India's increasing per capita disposable income which is expected to rise by 106% by 2015 and growth in exports is playing a major role in the rise and competitiveness of the industry. Tata Motors is leading the commercial vehicle segment with a market share of about 64%. Maruti Suzuki is leading the passenger vehicle segment with a market share of 46%. Hyundai Motor India and Mahindra and Mahindra are focusing expanding their footprint in the overseas market. Hero Honda Motors is occupying over 41% and sharing 26% of the two-wheeler market in India with Bajaj Auto. Bajaj Auto in itself is occupying about 58% of the three-wheeler market. Consumers are very important of the survival of destination of choice in the world for design and manufacturing of automobiles. the Motor Vehicle manufacturing industry. In 2008-09, customer sentiment dropped, which burned on the augmentation in demand of cars. Steel is the major input used by manufacturers and the rise in price of steel is putting a cost pressure on manufacturers and cost is getting transferred to the end consumer. The price of oil and petrol affect the driving habits of consumers and the type of car they buy. The key to success in the industry is to improve labour productivity, labour flexibility, and capital efficiency. Having quality manpower, infrastructure improvements, and raw material availability also play a major role. Access to latest and most efficient technology and techniques will bring competitive advantage to the major players. Utilising manufacturing plants to optimum level and understanding implications from the government policies are the essentials in the Automotive Industry of India. Both, Industry and Indian Government are obligated to intervene the Indian Automotive industry. The Indian government should facilitate infrastructure creation, create favourable and predictable business environment, attract investment and promote research and development. The role of Industry will primarily be in designing and manufacturing products of world-class quality establishing cost competitiveness and improving productivity in labour and in capital. With a combined effort, the Indian Automotive industry will emerge as the

History

The first car ran on India's roads in 1897. Until the 1930s, cars were imported directly, but in very small numbers. Embryonic automotive industry emerged in India in the 1940s. Mahindra & Mahindra was established by two brothers as a trading company in 1945, and began assembly of Jeep CJ-3A utility vehicles under license from Willys. The company soon branched out into the manufacture of light commercial vehicles (LCVs) and agricultural tractors. Following the independence, in 1947, the Government of India and the private sector launched efforts to create an automotive component manufacturing industry to supply to the automobile industry. However, the growth was relatively slow in the 1950s and 1960s due to nationalisation and the license raj which hampered the Indian private sector. After 1970, the automotive industry started to grow, but the growth was mainly driven by tractors, commercial vehicles and scooters. Cars were still a major luxury. Japanese manufacturers entered the Indian market ultimately leading to the establishment of Maruti Udyog. A number of foreign firms initiated joint ventures with Indian companies. In the 1980s, a number of Japanese manufacturers launched joint-ventures for building motorcycles and light commercial-vehicles. It was at this time that the Indian government chose Suzuki for its joint-venture to manufacture small cars. Following the economic liberalisation in 1991 and the gradual weakening of the license raj, a number of Indian and multi-national car companies launched operatins. Since then, automotive component and automobile manufacturing growth has accelerated to meet domestic and export demands. Following economic liberalization in India in 1991, the Indian automotive industry has demonstrated sustained growth as a result of increased competitiveness and relaxed restrictions. Several Indian automobile manufacturers such as Tata Motors, Maruti Suzuki and Mahindra and Mahindra, expanded their domestic and international operations. India's robust economic growth led to the further expansion of its domestic automobile market which has attracted significant India-specific investment by multinational automobile manufacturers. In February 2009, monthly sales of passenger cars in India exceeded 100,000 units and has since grown rapidly to a record monthly high of 182,992 units in October 2009. From 2003 to 2010, car sales in India have progressed at a CAGR of 13.7%, and with only 10% of Indian households owning a car in 2009 (whereas this figure reaches 80% in Switzerland for example) this progression is unlikely to stop in the coming decade. Congestion of Indian roads, more than market demand, will likely be the limiting factor. SIAM is the apex industry body representing all the vehicle manufacturers, home-grown and international, in India.

[edit] Industry Definition

This class consists of units mainly engaged in manufacturing motor vehicles or motor vehicle engines. Products and Services The primary activities of this industry are: Motor cars manufacturing Motor vehicle engine manufacturing The major products and services in this industry are: Passenger motor vehicle manufacturing segment (Passenger Cars, Utility Vehicles & Multi Purpose Vehicles) Commercial Vehicles (Medium & Heavy and Light Commercial Vehicles) Two Wheelers Three Wheelers

[edit] Supply Chain of Automobile Industry

The supply chain of automotive industry in India is very similar to the supply chain of the automotive industry in Europe and America. The orders of the industry arise from the bottom of the supply chain i. e., from the consumers and goes through the automakers and climbs up until the third tier suppliers. However the products, as channelled in every traditional automotive industry, flow from the top of the supply chain to reach the consumers. Automakers in India are the key to the supply chain and are responsible for the products and innovation in the industry. The description and the role of each of the contributors to the supply chain are discussed below. Third Tier Suppliers: These companies provide basic products like rubber, glass, steel, plastic and aluminium to the second tier suppliers. Second Tier Suppliers: These companies design vehicle systems or bodies for First Tier Suppliers and OEMs. They work on designs provided by the first tier suppliers or OEMs. They also provide engineering resources for detailed designs. Some of their services may include welding, fabrication, shearing, bending etc. First Tier Suppliers: These companies provide major systems directly to assemblers. These companies have global coverage to follow their customers to various locations around the world. They design and innovate to provide "black-box" solutions for the requirements of their customers. Black-box solutions are solutions created by suppliers using their own technology to meet the performance and interface requirements set by assemblers.

First tier suppliers are responsible not only for the assembly of parts into complete units like dashboard, breaks-axle-suspension, seats, or cockpit but also for the management of second-tier suppliers. Automakers/Vehicle Manufacturers/Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs): After researching consumers' wants and needs, automakers begin designing models which are tailored to consumers' demands. The design process normally takes five years. These companies have manufacturing units where engines are manufactured and parts supplied by first tier suppliers and second tier suppliers are assembled. Automakers are the key to the supply chain of the automotive industry. Examples of these companies are Tata Motors, Maruti Suzuki, Toyota, and Honda. Innovation, design capability and branding are the main focus of these companies. Dealers: Once the vehicles are ready they are shipped to the regional branch and from there, to the authorised dealers of the companies. The dealers then sell the vehicles to the end customers. Parts and Accessory: These companies provide products like tires, windshields, and air bags etc. to automakers and dealers or directly to customers. Service Providers: Some of the services to the customers include servicing of vehicles, repairing parts, or financing of vehicles. Many dealers provide these services but, customers can also choose to go to independent service providers.

[edit] Key statistics

The production of automobiles has greatly increased in the last decade. It passed the 1 million mark during 2003-2004 and has more than doubled since.[29] Year Car Production % Change Commercial % Change Total Vehicles Prodn. % Change 2010 2,814,584 29.39 722,199 54.86 3,536,783 33.89 2009 2,175,220 17.83 466,330 -4.10 2,641,550 13.25 2008 1,846,051 7.74 486,277 -9.99 2,332,328 3.35 2007 1,713,479 16.33 540,250 -1.20 2,253,999 10.39 2006 1,473,000 16.53 546,808 50.74 2,019,808 19.36 2005 1,264,000 7.27 362,755 9.00 1,628,755 7.22 2004 1,178,354 29.78 332,803 31.25 1,511,157 23.13 2003 907,968 28.98 253,555 32.86 1,161,523 22.96 2002 703,948 7.55 190,848 19.24 894796 8.96 2001 654,557 26.37 160,054 -43.52 814611 1.62 2000 517,957 -2.85 283,403 -0.58 801360 -2.10 1999 533,149 285,044 818193 Year 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 Motor Vehicle Production[18] 8,467,853 9,743,503 11,087,997 10,853,930 11,175,479 [18] Industry Revenue USD Million 24,379 26,969 30,507 32,383 33,342* [18] Exports (Units) 629,544 806,222 1,011,529 1,238,333 1,530,660

Year Exports (Revenue)[18]

2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 1,915 2,231 2,552 3,008 3,718*

[edit] Automobile Production

Type of Vehicle Passenger Vehicles [18] Commercial Vehicles [18] Three Wheelers [18] Two Wheelers [18] Total 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 1,209,876 1,309,300 1,545,223 1,777,583 1,838,697 353,703 391,083 519,982 549,006 417,126 374,445 434,423 556,126 500,660 501,030 6,529,829 7,608,697 8,466,666 8,026,681 8,418,626 8,467,853 9,743,503 11,087,997 10,853,930 11,175,479

[edit] Automobile Sales

Type of Vehicle Passenger Vehicles [18] Commercial Vehicles [18] Three Wheelers [18] Two Wheelers [18] Total 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 1,061,572 1,143,076 1,379,979 1,549,882 1,551,880 318,430 351,041 467,765 490,494 384,122 307,862 359,920 403,910 364,781 349,719 6,209,765 7,052,391 7,872,334 7,249,278 7,437,670 7,897,629 8,906,428 10,123,988 9,654,435 9,723,391

[edit] Automobile Exports

Type of Vehicle Passenger Vehicles [18] Commercial Vehicles [18] Three Wheelers [18] Two Wheelers [18] Total 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 166,402 175,572 198,452 218,401 335,739 29,940 40,600 49,537 58,994 42,673 66,795 76,881 143,896 141,225 148,074 366,407 513,169 619,644 819,713 1,004,174 629,544 806,222 1,011,529 1,238,333 1,530,660

[edit] Product and service segmentation

The automotive industry of India is categorised into passenger cars, two-wheelers, commercial vehicles and three-wheelers, with two-wheelers dominating the market. More than 75% of the vehicles sold are two-wheelers. Nearly 59% of these two-wheelers sold were motorcycles and about 12% were scooters. Mopeds occupy a small portion in the two-wheeler market however; electric two-wheelers are yet to penetrate. The passenger vehicles are further categorised into passenger cars, utility vehicles and multipurpose vehicles. All sedan, hatchback, station wagon and sports cars fall under passenger cars. Tata Nano, is the world's cheapest passenger car, manufactured by Tata Motors - a leading automaker of India. Multi-purpose vehicles or people-carriers are similar in shape to a van and are taller than a sedan, hatchback or a station wagon, and are designed for maximum interior

room. Utility vehicles are designed for specific tasks. The passenger vehicles manufacturing account for about 15% of the market in India. Commercial vehicles are categorised into heavy, medium and light. They account for about 5% of the market. Three-wheelers are categorised into passenger carriers and goods carriers. Threewheelers account for about 4% of the market in India. Segment[18] Passenger Car (%) Utility Vehicles (UVs) (%) Multi Purpose Vehicles (MPVs) (%) Total Passenger Vehicles[18] (%) Passenger Carriers (%) Goods Carriers (%) Total Medium & Heavy Commercial Vehicles[18] (%) Passenger Carriers (%) Goods Carriers (%) Total Light Commercial Vehicles (%) Total Commercial Vehicles[18] (%) Passenger Carriers (%) Goods Carriers (%) Total Three Wheelers[18] (%) Scoters/Scooterettee (%) Motorcycles/Step-Throughs (%) Mopeds (%) Electric Two Wheelers (%) Total Two Wheelers[18] (%) Grand Total[18] (%)
[18]

2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 10.22 10.39 9.91 10.65 12.42 2.15 2.23 2.18 2.18 2.39 0.87 0.82 0.75 0.82 0.98 13.25 13.44 12.83 13.65 15.79 0.36 0.32 0.32 0.28 0.43 2.01 2.19 2.01 2.44 2.10 2.37 2.51 2.33 2.73 2.53 0.28 0.25 0.25 0.24 0.32 1.17 1.27 1.36 1.67 1.77 1.45 1.52 1.61 1.90 2.10 3.82 4.03 3.94 4.63 4.63 2.56 2.17 2.39 2.34 2.51 1.61 1.73 1.65 1.65 1.51 4.17 3.90 4.04 4.00 4.01 13.01 11.68 10.21 9.31 11.57 61.24 62.86 65.24 64.83 59.35 4.52 4.08 3.74 3.52 4.47 0.07 0.19 78.76 78.63 79.18 77.73 75.57 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

[edit] Vehicle Registration

India had over 100 million vehicles registered on its roads in the year 2008.[18] This is a growth of about 100% in the past 9 years. Over 77% and about 77 million of these vehicles are twowheelers, about 14% and over 14 million are cars, jeeps and taxis. Over 5 million and over 1 million vehicles registered are goods vehicles and buses respectively.[18] Two-wheelers account a significant market share. Tata Motors with the launch of Tata Nano is trying to attract some of these two-wheeler buyers to buy a small, cheap and affordable passenger car.

[edit] Total Number of Vehicle Registrations in India from 2001 to 2008

Year 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Goods All Vehicles Two Wheelers Cars, Jeeps and Buses (in Vehicles (in (in '000) (in '000) Taxis (in '000) '000) '000) 54,991 38,556 7,058 634 2,948 58,924 41,581 7,613 635 2,974 67,007 47,519 8,599 721 3,492 72,718 51,922 9,451 768 3,749 80,045 57,417 10,460 822 4,053 88,068 63,487 11,571 879 4,345 96,808 70,141 12,810 936 4,652 106,591 77,588 14,222 1,003 5,018

Other Vehicles (in '000) 5,795 6,121 6,676 6,828 7,337 7,891 8,464 9,065

[edit] Emission norms

See also: Bharat Stage emission standards In tune with international standards to reduce vehicular pollution, the central government unveiled the standards titled 'India 2000' in 2000 with later upgraded guidelines as 'Bharat Stage'. These standards are quite similar to the more stringent European standards and have been traditionally implemented in a phased manner, with the latest upgrade getting implemented in 13 cities and later, in the rest of the nation. Delhi(NCR), Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Pune, Surat, Kanpur, Lucknow, Solapur, and Agra are the 13 cities where Bharat Stage IV has been imposed while the rest of the nation is still under Bharat Stage III.

[edit] Geographic Segmentation

The total number of new vehicles registered in the 28 states and 7 union territories of India in the year 2008 were about 106,591. The diagram above displays the registration of new vehicles in various states and union territories. About 16 states and 1 union territory had over a million new vehicles registered. Tamil Nadu had about 16 million new vehicles registered, Maharashtra had over 13 million, and Gujarat had over 10 million. About 91% of these vehicles are noncommercial vehicles purchased by households looking for a two-wheeler, or a car. Only about 9% of new vehicles registered are used for commercial purposes. Details of category wise new vehicle registrations in the various states and union territories are displayed. The number of new vehicles registrations has grown by about 66% in the past five years.

[edit] Geographical Segmentation:State-wise motor vehicles registration in India from 2001 - 2008
2001 (in 2002 (in 2003 (in 2004 (in 2005 (in 2006 (in 2007 (in 2008 (in '000) '000) '000) '000) '000) '000) '000) '000) Andhra Pradesh 1111 4,389 5,002 5,720 6,446 7,232 8,042 8,989 Arunachal Pradesh 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 States\Year

2001 (in 2002 (in 2003 (in 2004 (in 2005 (in '000) '000) '000) '000) '000) Assam 542 596 657 727 798 Bihar 949 1,024 1,121 751 726 Chhattisgarh 857 948 1,076 1,216 1,367 Goa 341 366 397 436 483 Gujarat 5,576 6,008 6,508 7,087 7,892 Haryana 1,949 2,122 2,279 2,548 2,883 Himachal Pradesh 217 244 269 289 329 Jammu & Kashmir 330 364 399 439 493 Jharkhand 909 984 1,101 1,217 1,341 Karnataka 3,537 3,636 3,738 3,977 4,338 Kerala 2,112 2,315 2,552 2,792 3,180 Madhya Pradesh 3,095 3,173 3,459 3,804 4,119 Maharashtra 6,760 7,414 8,134 8,969 10,055 Manipur 77 90 97 106 114 Meghalaya 62 67 73 73 78 Mizoram 31 34 37 42 48 Nagaland 160 177 162 172 186 Orissa 1,096 1,215 1,359 1,525 1,717 Punjab 2,910 3,103 3,308 3,529 3,859 Rajasthan 2,943 3,197 3,487 3,834 4,285 Sikkim 12 13 15 17 19 Tamil Nadu 5,162 5,658 8,005 8,575 10,085 Tripura 50 57 66 76 85 Uttarakhand 364 406 457 516 580 Uttar Pradesh 4,921 5,171 5,928 6,460 7,271 West Bengal 1,690 1,690 2,366 2,548 2,816 Andaman & 25 28 28 28 31 Nicobar Islands Chandigarh 386 386 562 586 629 Dadra & Nagar 13 13 31 35 43 Haveli Daman & Diu 37 41 44 48 55 Delhi 3,635 3,699 3,971 4,237 4,544 Lakshadweep 4 5 5 5 6 Pondicherry 252 270 293 313 359 States\Year

2006 (in '000) 883 694 1,536 537 8,785 3,267 375 556 1,479 4,717 3,612 4,442 11,281 123 84 54 201 1,936 4,225 4,791 21 11,901 95 651 8,144 3,138 34 677 54 63 4,868 7 418

2007 (in '000) 973 647 1,726 585 9,633 3,689 421 628 1,630 5,036 4,034 4,710 12,477 134 89 61 215 2,159 4,571 5,281 23 13,860 105 732 8,970 3,464 38 732 67 71 5,166 7 495

2008 (in '000) 1,086 593 1,939 638 10,543 4,164 480 719 1,796 5,360 4,564 4,968 13,817 145 95 70 230 2,417 4,992 5,815 25 16,207 117 822 9,919 3,833 42 799 86 79 5,469 8 552

[edit] Geographical Segmentation: Category-wise number of registrations in States of India

Ar A un nd ac Type hr A Ch ha Bi G of a ss hat l h o Vehic Pr a tisg Pr ar a le [18] ad m arh ad es es h h Multi axled/ Artic 8 ulated 14 3, Vehic 3, 2,3 1 les/Tr 14 23 8 ucks 7 9 & Lorrie s Light 1 Motor 66 4, Vehic 55 ,8 3 les 5 91 1 (good 7 s) 1 15 0, 66 Buses ,4 2 5 98 8 6 1 81 0, 29 Taxis ,6 3 9 27 6 8 Light 2 Motor 26 9, Vehic 3, 1,4 8 les 32 30 0 (passe 5 6 nger) Total 57 5,2 1 Com 0, 72 4 merci 48 7, al 8 9

Ja Hi m M m T Ut m ad W ac Jh Ka M M N a T Utt ta G H u K hy Ma M P Ra Si es ha ar rn eg iz ag O mi ri ara r uj ar & er a har an un jas k t l kh at ha or al ris l p kh Pr ar ya K al Pr ash ip ja th ki Be Pr an ak lay a an sa N u an ad at na as a ad tra ur b an m ng ad d a a m d ad ra d es h es al es u h m h h ir

3 2 18 14 17 0, 8, 41 29 62, 10 73 77 243 5, 14, 3, 41 50 75 40, 2, 7, 3, 5 3 ,6 ,9 56 0,5 ,3 ,1 ,11 96 02 21 ,0 ,4 ,9 413 30 66 55 1 2 44 58 6 96 15 78 3 3 8 5 19 96 21 4 7 2 6 6

1, 27 6, 24 94 6 6, 3 9,7 1, ,4 1 23 2 99 03 82 9 5 1 5

3 20 2, 58 2, 12 16, 4, 2 ,3 34 ,2 686 33 9 25 0 72 6 6 1 0, 9 6 1 1 4, 0 0 0

13 91, 30 256 1, 6, 75 ,0 ,08 20 18 5 30 2 6 1

20 1, 9, 35 34 13 3 5 57 4, 5,6 25 24 ,5 ,6 ,6 5 9 ,6 31 62 5 3 43 45 01 3 5 81 4

4, 1, 45 9, 4, 20 29, 67 24 2, 3, 13 18 55 4 76 26 41 2,0 8 9,5 49, 2,8 84 5 4,6 ,6 36 87 ,1 71 ,2 ,6 40 50 ,9 ,5 ,9 0 ,9 ,4 ,3 43 6 39 092 27 0 9 26 69 9 2 39 0 06 26 3 5 66 79 36 6 07 37 85 8 6 8, 11 40 14 14 10 21, 40, 61 102 3, 4, 24 11 32 22, 2 4, 36 5,0 ,1 ,9 ,9 ,3 81 83 ,4 ,47 86 44 ,6 ,9 ,8 005 7 24 3 30 00 90 70 25 4 9 24 5 4 8 14 82 68 3 5 4, 11 2 30 67 9 6, 13, 5 ,1 ,9 4 37 385 7 93 18 7 3

1 9, 9, 27 29 15 37 2, 14 36, 19 45 493 2, 1, 8, 21 36 64 2, 78 38 5 7,4 3 6, 4, 2,9 4, 6,7 ,8 78 ,2 25 0,3 ,1 ,14 52 14 29 ,8 ,8 ,5 1 ,0 ,2 0 74 7 90 24 34 19 99 41 3 55 7 62 46 2 1 5 1 93 38 80 6 67 89 7 5 8 4 2 2 9 88, 5 74 26 66 86 13 45 68 23 1,1 12 24, 10 66 14 17 34 7, 621 0, 9, 8, ,6 ,9 0,1 3,2 5, 8, 43, ,4 81 ,3 ,5 6, 7, 0, 2 8 31 19 09 49 76 62 19 40 904 56 9 19 06 51 96 53 8 4 7 2 1 4 2 5 7 7, 82 2 40, 28 38 3 8, 0, 271 6, 8, 2 02 9 86 62 5 1 3 0 7

Ar A un nd ac Type hr A Ch ha Bi G of a ss hat l h o Vehic Pr a tisg Pr ar a le [18] ad m arh ad es es h h 6 6 4 4, 1 54 10, 8, 3, 60 7 28 5 8 3 0 1 39 0 7, 2,3 6, 73 40 0 8 6 3 1 58 4, 2,2 ,1 2 60 14 6 6 0 2

Ja Hi m M m T Ut m ad W ac Jh Ka M M N a T Utt ta G H u K hy Ma M P Ra Si es ha ar rn eg iz ag O mi ri ara r uj ar & er a har an un jas k t l kh at ha or al ris l p kh Pr ar ya K al Pr ash ip ja th ki Be Pr an ak lay a an sa N u an ad at na as a ad tra ur b an m ng ad d a a m d ad ra d es h es al es u h m h h ir 1 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 25 2,7 93 59 87 6,2 75 21, 19 36 22 58 69 3, 32, 7,7 5, 6, 16, ,3 05 ,5 ,7 3, 7, 2, 61 67 45 80 19 794 33 0 01 41 57 18 17 1 4 8 1 3 1 5 6, 4 4, 1, 4, 73 4, 391 92 58 6 4, 2 ,25 2, 1, 8 20 4 1 04 32 2 5 1 7 6 1, 73 8, 39 49 8 1, 6 42, 1, 4, 7 38 7 220 44 50 0 0 2 3 5 2, 53 97 8 6,4 ,9 ,8 6 52 87 21 3 4 19 14 8 ,9 - 787 ,7 7 57 36

Two Whee lers

4 3 5, 1, 6 0 15 991 16 52 9, 9, 2, ,02 2, 6, 7 4 28 2 16 40 5 8 6 7 4 1 8

Cars

2 7 57 27 37 14 26 20 7, 1, 51 74 92, 41 924 8, 14, 4, 33 62 43, 2, 2, 8, 8, 7, 3, 5 5 ,9 ,1 17 8,1 ,00 03 59 85 ,2 ,5 572 41 89 91 03 37 99 0 1 18 87 1 81 6 0 5 0 73 53 4 5 2 0 9 1 8 6 2 1, 7 2 6 3, 2 5 9 7 7, 8 4 8 11 12 87 12 10 23, 41, 71 36 262 7, 6, 21 26 32 7,3 0, 9,4 8, ,2 ,3 ,6 41 02 ,6 ,2 ,74 87 76 ,6 ,5 ,7 02 94 01 05 03 31 93 9 4 56 82 1 2 5 49 27 97 3 6 1, 2, - 34 76 44 - 5 5 36, 30 12, 57 51 ,4 609 0 3 88 2, 20 23 - 7 8

Jeeps

36 Omni ,5 Buses 49

1 62 0, Tract 33 ,3 2 ors 3 63 8 0 8, 46 Traile 15 7 ,8 rs 5 4 85 0 Other 4, 17 2

27 37 32 45 40 71 4 3, 10 15, 11 9, 201 1, 1, 30 90 1 48 44, 5, 3, 8, 44 20 9, 7, 31, 8, 7 89 ,9 13 9,3 00 ,94 26 82 ,5 9 ,8 4 ,3 321 54 37 38 1 9 01 52 981 08 0 8 69 6 40 4 0 3 7 92 86 7 41 3 3 0 4 3 2 16 19 12 12 2, 24 57 1,9 4, 0, 25 69 41 ,5 0,1 580 30 ,1 ,0 13 93 62 4 6 0 12 85 4 81 13 3 8 3 9, 1, 8 10, 9 01 9 021 1 5 8 0

1 5 9 0, 38, 9, 56 4 - 62 804 6 1 0 0 3 3 2, 2,1 3, 16 17 1,

1, 5,7 55, 19 11 16, 22 77 24 11 8, 4, 4, - 76 5 2,1 19 35

Ar A un nd ac Type hr A Ch ha Bi G of a ss hat l h o Vehic Pr a tisg Pr ar a le [18] ad m arh ad es es h h 0, 50 7 s 9 0 2 4 5 5, Total 7 14 15, non8, 9, 87 comm 8 43 2 ercial 5 2 3

Ja Hi m M m T Ut m ad W ac Jh Ka M M N a T Utt ta G H u K hy Ma M P Ra Si es ha ar rn eg iz ag O mi ri ara r uj ar & er a har an un jas k t l kh at ha or al ris l p kh Pr ar ya K al Pr ash ip ja th ki Be Pr an ak lay a an sa N u an ad at na as a ad tra ur b an m ng ad d a a m d ad ra d es h es al es u h m h h ir ,8 4 ,1 ,1 22 95 1 88 64 7, 5 6, 2, 9, 74 4, 475 17 15 9 7, 6 ,71 3, 9, 1 22 1 1 33 33 1 0 6 8 6

9 8 ,1 ,0 66 62 40 ,1 ,3 ,0 80 35 51 2 03 0 99 111 1 2 7 58 78 5 6 5 02 08 18 6 4 1 8 4 6 3 6, 2, 5 8 22 1,1 33 27 3, 5, 2, 27, 8, 9, 4 2 20 124 17 71 2 7 4 3 8 3 8 2, 3, 1, 3, 3, 35 1,0 3,5 10 10 56 7,8 93 48, 31 37 35 49 1, 86, 23, 5, 6, 5, 24, ,8 56 ,8 8, 1, 3, 64 78 32 41 88 12 829 69 3 26 47 13 26 7 2 2 1 3 4 0 5 9

[edit] Geographical Segmentation: Category-wise registration in Union Territories of India

Andaman Dadra & & Daman Chandigarh Delhi Nicobar Nagar & Diu Islands Haveli 1,671 7,459 1,239 1,173 11,542 416,917 157,612 36 5,487 1,896 75,601 1,190 1,829 75,947 154 108 500 361 43 890 36,059 24,712 20,893

Type of Vehicle

Lakshadweep Pondicherry

Multiaxled/Articulated Vehicles/Trucks & 1,519 Lorries Light Motor Vehicles (goods) Buses 459 Taxis 436 Light Motor Vehicles 784 (passenger) Total Commercial 3,198 Two Wheelers 21,743 Cars 1,693 Jeeps 1,033 Omni Buses Tractors 261 Trailers 67

270 408

6,588 2,923 1,831 1,421 4,283 17,046 235,438 47,642 3,838 2,545 318 1,582

7,439 5,019 17,881 30,351 9,270 12,278 429 295 6 38 44 165 46 124

233,212 678 2,665,750 3,978 1,192,389 78 122,283 85 8,386 5 4,851 44 99 -

Andaman Dadra & & Daman Type of Vehicle Chandigarh Delhi Lakshadweep Pondicherry Nicobar Nagar & Diu Islands Haveli Others 461 30 9,705 503 4,541 Total non-commercial 25,258 574,565 27,000 43,281 4,003,463 4,693 295,904

[edit] Exports

Mahindra Scorpio Jeep in service with the Italy's CNSAS. India's automobile exports have grown consistently and reached $4.5 billion in 2009, with United Kingdom being India's largest export market followed by Italy, Germany, Netherlands and South Africa.[30] India's automobile exports are expected to cross $12 billion by 2014.[31] According to New York Times, India's strong engineering base and expertise in the manufacturing of low-cost, fuel-efficient cars has resulted in the expansion of manufacturing facilities of several automobile companies like Hyundai Motors, Nissan, Toyota, Volkswagen and Suzuki.[32] In 2008, Hyundai Motors alone exported 240,000 cars made in India. Nissan Motors plans to export 250,000 vehicles manufactured in its India plant by 2011.[33] Similarly, General Motors announced its plans to export about 50,000 cars manufactured in India by 2011.[34] In September 2009, Ford Motors announced its plans to set up a plant in India with an annual capacity of 250,000 cars for US$500 million. The cars will be manufactured both for the Indian market and for export.[35] The company said that the plant was a part of its plan to make India the hub for its global production business.[36] Fiat Motors also announced that it would source more than US$1 billion worth auto components from India.[37] In July 2010, The Economic Times reported that PSA Peugeot Citron was planning to re-enter the Indian market and open a production plant in Andhra Pradesh with an annual capacity of 100,000 vehicles, investing EUR 700M in the operation.[38] PSA's intention to utilise this production facility for export purposes however remains unclear as of December 2010.

A Tata Safari on display in Poznan, Poland. In 2009 India (0.23m) surpassed China (0.16m) as Asia's fourth largest exporter of cars after Japan (1.77m), Korea (1.12m) and Thailand (0.26m) by allowing foreign carmakers 100% ownership of factories in India, which China does not allow.[3] In recent years, India has emerged as a leading center for the manufacture of small cars. Hyundai, the biggest exporter from the country, now ships more than 250,000 cars annually from India. Apart from shipments to its parent Suzuki, Maruti Suzuki also manufactures small cars for Nissan, which sells them in Europe. Nissan will also export small cars from its new Indian assembly line. Tata Motors exports its passenger vehicles to Asian and African markets, and is in preparation to launch electric vehicles in Europe in 2010. The firm is also planning to launch an electric version of its low-cost car Nano in Europe and the U.S. Mahindra & Mahindra is preparing to introduce its pickup trucks and small SUV models in the U.S. market. Bajaj Auto is designing a low-cost car for the Renault Nissan Automotive India, which will market the product worldwide. Renault Nissan may also join domestic commercial vehicle manufacturer Ashok Leyland in another small car project.[39] While the possibilities are impressive, there are challenges that could thwart future growth of the Indian automobile industry. Since the demand for automobiles in recent years is directly linked to overall economic expansion and rising personal incomes, industry growth will slow if the economy weakens.[39]