Analisis Hitungan A S U F - Engg

Counts Analysis of the Uniform Steady Flow Experiments
The first experiment

1. Calculate the flow discharge (Q
measured
)
Given :
h
Vnotch
= 9,15 cm
p = 27 cm
g = 981 cm/s
2

h/p = 0,339
= 35
Kv = 0,183 cm (obtained from graph)
Ce = 0,5821 (obtained from graph)
Solution:
Qmeasured = Ce
15
8
2g tan |
.
|
\
|
2
( h
Vnotch +
Kv)
2,5
= 0,5821
15
8
981 2 tan
|
|
.
|
\
|
2
35
( ) 0,183 + 9,15
2,5
= 1153,766 cm
3
/s
2. Calculate the sectional area of flow (A)
Given:
h ( h
average
) = 0,983 cm
b = 30 cm
Solution:
A = b x h
= 30 x 0,983
= 29,5 cm
2

3. Calculate the flow velocity (v)
Given:
Q = 1153,766 cm
3
/s
A = 29,5 cm
2

Solution:
v =
A
Q

=
29,5
1153,766

= 39,111 cm/s

4. Calculate Viscocity at T

=

Given:
cm
2
/s
cm
2
/s

Solution:
By using Linier Interpolation Method
(

( )

x
3
10
cm
2
/s
5. Calculate the number Renold (Re)
Given:
v = 39,111 cm/s
h
average
= 0,983 cm
=
3
10 446 , 8

cm
2
/s
Solution:
Re =
u
average
h v

=
3
10 446 , 8
983 , 0 111 , 39

= 4553,499
The flow included the type of turbulent flow for Re> 1000

6. Calculating the circumference of wet (P)
Given:
b = 30 cm
h ( h
average
) = 0,983 cm
Solution:
P = b + 2h
= 30 + (2 x 0,983)
= 31,967 cm
7. Calculate the hydraulic radius (R)
Given:
A = 29,5 cm
2

P = 31,967 cm
Solution:
R =
P
A

=
31,967
29,5

= 0,923 cm
8. Calculating empirical formula based on coefficient
Given:
R = 0,923 cm
Sf = So = 0,0047 cm
v = 39,111 cm/s
Solution:

a. Manning Coefficient

n
v
Sf R
2
1
3
2
=
=
39,111
0,0047 923 , 0
2
1
3
2

= 0,00166
b. Strickler Coefficient
ks =
2
1
3
2
Sf R
v

=
2
1
3
2
0,0047 983 , 0
39,111

= 601,862
c. Chezy Coefficient
C =
Sf R
v

=
0047 , 0 983 , 0
39,111

= 593,860

The second experiment
1. Calculate the flow rate (Q
measured
)
Given :
h
Vnotch
= 12 cm
p = 27 cm
g = 981 cm/s
2

h/p = 0,444
= 35
Solution:
Qmeasured = Ce
15
8
2g tan |
.
|
\
|
2
( h
Vnotch +
Kv)
2,5
= 0,5919
15
8
981 2 tan
|
|
.
|
\
|
2
35
( ) 0,183 + 12
2,5
= 2283,954 cm
3
/s
Given:
h ( h
average
) = 1,333 cm
b = 30 cm
Solution:
A = b x h
=30 x 1,333
= 40 cm
2

Given:
Q = 2283,954 cm
3
/s
A = 40 cm
2
Solution:
v =
A
Q

=
40,0
2283,954

= 57,099 cm/det

=

Given:
cm
2
/s
cm
2
/s

Solution:

( )

x
3
10

cm
2
/s
Given:
v = 57,099 cm/s
h
aerage
= 1,333 cm
=
3
10 446 , 8

cm
2
/s
Solution:
Re =
u
average
h v

=
3
10 446 , 8
333 , 1 099 , 57

= 9013,946
Given:
b = 30 cm
h ( h
ataverage
) = 1,333 cm
Solution:
P = b + 2h
= 30 + (2 x 1,333 )
= 32,667 cm
Given:
A = 40 cm
2

P = 32,667 cm
Solution:
R =
P
A

=
32,667
40,0

= 1,223 cm

Given:
R = 1,224 cm
Sf = So = 0,0047 cm
v = 57,099 cm/s
Solution:
n
v
Sf R
2
1
3
2
=
=
57,099
0,0047 224 , 1
2
1
3
2

= 0,00137

ks
2
1
3
2
Sf R
v
=
=
2
1
3
2
0047 , 0 224 , 1
099 , 57

= 727,682
C =
Sf R
v

=
0047 . 0 224 , 1
099 , 57

= 59,860

The third experiment
1. Calculate the flow rate (Qmeasured)
Given :
h
Vnotch
= 12,30 cm
p = 27 cm
g = 981 cm/s
2

h/p = 0,456
= 35
Solution:
Q
measured
= Ce
15
8
2g tan |
.
|
\
|
2
( h
Vnotch +
Kv)
2,5
= 0,5936
15
8
981 2 tan
|
|
.
|
\
|
2
35
( ) 0,183 + 12,30
2,5
= 2434,044 cm
3
/s
Given:
h ( h
average
) = 1,683 cm
b = 30 cm
Solution:
A = b x h
= 30 x 1,683
= 50,5 cm
2

Given:
Q = 2434,044 cm
3
/s
A = 50,5 cm
2
Solution:
v =
A
Q

=
50,5
2434,044

= 48,199 cm/s

=

Given:
cm
2
/s
cm
2
/s

Solution:

( )

x
3
10

cm
2
/s
Given:
v = 48,199 cm/s
R = 1,513 cm
=
3
10 446 , 8

cm
2
/s
Solution:
Re =
u
R v

=
3
10 446 , 8
513 , 1 48,199

= 9606,299
Given:
b = 30 cm
h ( h
ataverage
) = 1,683 cm
Solution:
P = b + 2h
= 30 + (2 x 1,683)
= 33,367 cm
Given:
A = 50,5 cm
2

P = 33,367 cm
Solution:
R =
P
A

=
33,367
50,5

= 1,513 cm
Given:
R = 1,513 cm
Sf = So = 0,0047 cm
v = 48,199 cm/s
Solution:

n
v
Sf R
2
1
3
2
=
=
48,199
0,0047 1,513
2
1
3
2

= 0,00187

ks =
2
1
3
2
Sf R
v

=
2
1
3
2
0047 , 0 513 , 1
48,199

= 533,338

C =
Sf R
v

=
0047 . 0 513 , 1
48,199

= 571,477

The fourth experiment
measured
)
Given :
h
Vnotch
=13,50 cm
p = 27 cm
g = 981 cm/s
2

h/p = 0,500
= 35
Solution:
Qmeasured = Ce
15
8
2g tan |
.
|
\
|
2
( h
Vnotch +
Kv)
2,5
= 0,6015
15
8
981 2 tan
|
|
.
|
\
|
2
35
( ) 0,183 13,50 +
2,5
= 3102,841 cm
3
/s
Given:
h ( h
average
) = 1,700 cm
b = 30 cm
Solution:
A = b x h
= 30 x 1,700
= 51,0 cm
2

Given:
Q = 3102,841 cm
3
/s
A = 51,0 cm
2
Solution:
v =
A
Q

=
51,0
3102,841

= 60,840 cm/s

=

Given:
cm
2
/s
cm
2
/s

Solution:

( )

x
3
10

cm
2
/s
Given:
v = 60,840 cm/s
R = 1,527 cm
=
3
10 446 , 8

cm
2
/s
Solution:
Re =
u
R v

=
3
10 446 , 8
527 , 1 60,840

= 12245,800
Given:
b = 30 cm
h ( h
ataverage
) = 1,700 cm
Solution:
P = b + 2h
= 30 + (2 x 1,700)
= 33,400 cm
Given:
A = 51,00 cm
2

P = 33,400 cm
Solution:
R =
P
A

=
33,400
51,0

= 1,527 cm

Given:
R = 1,527 cm
Sf = So = 0,0047 cm
v = 60,840 cm/s
Solution:

n
v
Sf R
2
1
3
2
=
=
60,840
0,0047 1,527
2
1
3
2

= 0,00149
ks =
2
1
3
2
Sf R
v

=
2
1
3
2
0047 , 0 1,527
60,840

= 669,254
C
Sf R
v
=
=
0047 . 0 527 , 1
60,840

= 718,172
Given:
v = 60,840 cm/s
R = 527 , 1 cm
=
3
10 446 , 8

cm
2
/s
Solution:
Re =
u
R v

=
3
10 446 , 8
527 , 1 60,840
x

= 12245

The fifth Experiment
measured
)
Given :
h
Vnotch
=14,80 cm
p = 27 cm
g = 981 cm/s
2

h/p = 0,548
= 35
Solution:
Q
measured
= Ce
15
8
2g tan |
.
|
\
|
2
( h
Vnotch +
Kv)
2,5
= 0,6123
15
8
981 2 tan
|
|
.
|
\
|
2
35
( ) 0,183 14,80 +
2,5
= 3963,309 cm
3
/s
Given:
h ( h
average
) = 2,000 cm
b = 30 cm
Solution:
A = b x h
= 30 x 2,000
= 60,0 cm
2

Given:
Q = 3963,309 cm
3
/s
A = 60,0 cm
2
Solution:
v =
A
Q

=
60,0
3963,309

= 66,055 cm/s

=

Given:
cm
2
/s
cm
2
/s

Solution:

( )

x
3
10

cm
2
/s
Given:
v = 66,055 cm/s
R = 1,765 cm
=
3
10 446 , 8

cm
2
/s
Solution:
Re =
u
R v

=
3
10 446 , 8
765 , 1 055 , 66
x

= 15641,759
Given:
b = 30 cm
h ( h
ataverage
) = 2,000 cm
Solution:
P = b + 2h
= 30 + (2 x 2,000)
= 34,000 cm
Given:
A = 60,0 cm
2

P = 34,000 cm
Solution:
R =
P
A

=
34,000
60,0

= 1,765cm

Given:
R = 1,765 cm
Sf = So = 0,0047 cm
v = 66,055 cm/s
Solution:

n
v
Sf R
2
1
3
2
=
=
66,055
0,0047 1,765
2
1
3
2

= 0,00152
ks =
2
1
3
2
Sf R
v

=
2
1
3
2
0047 , 0 765 , 1
055 , 66

= 659,254
C
Sf R
v
=
=
0047 . 0 765 , 1
055 , 66

= 725,306

DISCUSSION
1. Tail gate function is to equalize or control the water level is raised or
elevated water level at every turn of the discharge. But from an experiment
conducted each height h is not the same. This is caused because each turn
of the discharge will affect the water level.
2. From the experiments have been conducted Manning coefficient values
obtained do not approach the price of 0.01 m -1 / 3 sec or 0.00215 cm-1
/ 3 dt. This is because the slope of the basic channels that are too big
which causes a higher flow rate so that the value of Manning coefficient
become large.
3. Renold Numbers <500, included laminar flow.
Renold Numbers 500-1000, included the transition flow.
Renold Numbers> 1000, included turbulent flow.
4. Heights h1, h2, h3 on one trial is not the same as the channel bottom slope
is too large and lack of precision when measuring height.

CONCLUSION

1. From the steady uniform flow experiments can be known that in the uniform
flow discharge, muka air,kecepatan dan berat jenis yang tetap sepanjang
waktu dan seragam diberbagai tempat yang di tinjau.
2. Setelah melakukan lima kali percobaan didapatkan nilai rata-rata
Manning,Strickler, dan Chezy sebesar:
- Manning : 0,0030
- Strickler : 339,0172
- Chezy : 362,254
3. Nilai koefisien Manning mempunyai nilai yang berkebalikan dengan nilai
koefisien Strickler ( n =
Ks
1
)

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Counts Analysis of the Uniform Steady Flow Experiments

The first experiment

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