A REPORT ON THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECT carried out at HUVINAYAKANAHALLI near BAGALUR DISTRICT, BANGALORE NORTH

SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULLFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT OF B.COM (INDUSTRY INTEGRATED) BY

KRUTHI SURESH BABU

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

DR. S RAMESH and MR. GOVINDA GOWDA

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE MOUNT CARMAL COLLEGE (Autonomous)

Bangalore 2010-2013

GUIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that, Ms. Kruthi Suresh Babu has carried out the community development project along with the other 54 of her classmates by camping for 10 days at Huvinayakanahalli near Bagalur, Bangalore North.

Dr. S RAMESH (Guide)

2

DECLARATION BY THE STUDENT

This report on the Community Development Project at Huvinayakanahalli has been prepared by me after undergoing 10 days of camping. This report has not been submitted earlier at any university or institution and this observation report is originally prepared by me.

KRUTHI SURESH BABU

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am grateful to Sr. ALBINA, our respected Principal, Mount Carmel College, Bangalore, for giving us the opportunity of visiting the village, carrying out our activities there and permitting us to do this project and I express my thanks to Dr. S RAMESH, for his valuable time, support and guidance to make this a successful initiative and ensuring our safety throughout the duration of the camp.

I wish to take this opportunity to express thanks to my guide Prof. S RAMESH and Mr. Govinda Gowda.

I would like to convey my regards to our Lecturers for their co-operation and constant support as they experienced this trip with us and guided us all throughout the camp.

I would also like to express my gratitude to the attenders, officials from the village, members of the village and my classmates for their whole hearted support and co operation to bring out this project.

KRUTHI SURESH BABU

4

INDEX
CONTENTS INTRODUCTION PAGE NUMBERS 6 18

PROFILE OF THE VILLAGE

19 - 52

ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT

53 - 68

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, PROBLEMS IDENTIFIED, SUGGESTIONS AND STRATEGIES 69 - 71

BIBLIOGRAPHY

72 - 73

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION
Mount Carmel College, Bangalore is a women's arts college run by the Carmelite Sisters of St. Teresa is an Institution established on 7th July 1948 to meet the increasing demand for women's Education in India. Located in the garden city of Bangalore, the college reflects the dynamism and energy of this fast growing Indian metropolis through its exciting courses and innovative methods of teaching. The college is affiliated to Bangalore University and has been re-accredited by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council with A+. The College was granted Autonomy in the year 2005, and is a College with Potential for Excellence" (CPE). As recognized by UGC. The College has been rated among the top ten Colleges in the Country. The college is a member of the NCC and the NSS services. The college has a committed group of volunteers who work with school children in the rural areas. Mount Carmel College is home to over four thousand students. The college keeps pace with the changing times exploring new possibilities and expanding new horizons and continues to make a difference through its vision of empowering women through education. Mount Carmel College has had a tradition of offering its students the best facilities and opportunities. Students are given the freedom to pursue their dreams and not surprisingly this policy has created independent, determined and daring young women who are ready to take up any challenge and confront every situation with alacrity. The area of the college exceeds 2,56,256 square feet. Mount Carmel College is a beautiful campus with large trees and open spaces. Mount Carmel College have huge, airy and bright classrooms where heated debates and arguments take place, Well-equipped labs, museums, auditoria, conference halls - all making teaching and learning a pleasurable experience.
7

The Centre of Extended Education organizes, monitors and evaluates all the credit courses. The Centre offers a wide variety of credit course across multiple disciplines to make learning a rich and complete experience. The college is a member of 29 clubs and associations that conduct several events and competitions across the year.

The various degrees that MOUNT CARMEL offer are B.A Bachelor of Arts B.Sc. Bachelor of Science B.Com Bachelor of Commerce

The dept. of Commerce also trains for degrees in BBM (Bachelor of Business Management ) BMTT ( Business Management and Travel and Tourism ) B.Com ( Industry Integrated )

Apart from all the features of general B.com, the industry integrated B.COM course has the following features: 1) Industry exposure through internship in Internship in Manufacturing Industry for two months Internship in Service Industry for two months

Community Project in a village for two weeks Internship in an NGO for one month. Business Problem based Project in the area of specialization for two months. Industrial visits and study tours.

2) 48 subjects in 6 semesters 3) Sound foundation to computer aided Management and accounting 4) Forgien Langages- such as French, German, Japanese 5) Soft skills and carrer planning for future studies and employment provided as part of the programme

B.Com - Industry Integrated which has intended to provide a holistic development of students with a combination of Academic, Industry and Community development competencies. As a part of the community development activity the College has adopted a village called Huvinayakanahalli, Bagaluru, Bangalore, North. 60 Students went camping in this village for ten days during November to carry out developmental works at this village and also follow up the developments through frequent group visits on an ongoing basis. The following activities are planned during this ten days c amp and frequent visits as a follow up after the Camp.

"Community development is a structured intervention that gives communities greater control over the conditions that affect their lives. This does not solve all the problems faced by a local community, but it does build up confidence to tackle such problems as effectively as any local action can. Community development works at the level of local groups and organizations rather than with individuals or families. The range of local groups and organizations representing communities at local level constitutes the community sector. "Community development is a skilled process and part of its approach is the belief that communities cannot be helped unless they themselves agree to this process. Community development has to look both ways: not only at how the community is working at the grass roots, but also at how responsive key institutions are to the needs of local communities".

A working statement on the community development programme: This is adopted as a move towards our understanding of Community Development. Community Development is crucially concerned with the issues of powerlessness and disadvantage: as such it should involve all members of society, and offers a practice that is part of a process of social change. Community Development is about the active involvement of people in the issues which affect their lives. it is a process based on the sharing of power, skills, knowledge and experience. Community Development takes place both in neighbourhoods and within communities of interest, as people identify what is relevant to them.
10

The Community Development process is collective, but the experience of the process enhances the integrity, skills, knowledge and experience, as well as equality of power, for each individual who is involved. Community Development seeks to enable individuals and communities to grow and change according to their own needs and priorities, and at their own pace, provided this does not oppress other groups and communities, or damage the environment. Where Community Development takes place, there are certain principles central to it. The first priority of the Community Development process is the empowering and enabling of those who are traditionally deprived of power and control over their common affairs. It claims as important the ability of people to act together to influence the social, economic, political and environmental issues which affect them. Community Development aims to encourage sharing, and to create structures which give genuine participation and involvement. Community Development is about developing the power, skills, knowledge and experience of people as individuals and in groups, thus enabling them to undertake initiatives of their own to combat social, economic, political and environmental problems, and enabling them to fully participate in a truly democratic process. Community Development must take the a lead in confronting the attitudes of individuals and the practices of institutions and society as a whole which discriminates unfairly against black people, women, people with disabilities and different abilities, religious groups, elderly people, lesbians and gay men, and other groups who are disadvantaged by society. It also must take a lead in countering the destruction of the natural environment on which we all depend. Community Development is well placed to involve people equally on these issues which affect all of us. Community Development should seek to develop structures which enable the active involvement of people from disadvantaged groups, and in particular people from Black and Minority Ethnic groups.

11

Community Development Programme in Rural Society

As a strategy of development, the CDP was different from both land reforms and the idea of making cheap institutional credit available to cultivators. CDP had emanated from the productionist approach to rural development. It was based on a notion of the harmonious village community without any significant internal differences and conflict of interests. There was hardly any mention of the unequal power relations in the village. Its objective was to provide a substantial increase in agricultural production and improvement in basic services which would ultimately lead to a transformation in the social and economic life of the village. Its basic assumption was that the Indian peasant would of his own free will and because of his felt needs immediately adopt technical improvements the moment he was shown them. The programme was launched on 2 October 1952 in a few selected blocks and it was soon extended to the entire country. However the enthusiasm with which the programme was started could not be sustained. A non-political approach to agrarian transformation resulted in helping only those who were already powerful in the village. Most of the benefits were cornered by a small section of the rural elite.

12

NAMMA HALLI
-A Community development Project of Department of Commerce, Mount Carmel College, Bangalore-560052.

Village Camp at Huvinayakanahalli, near Bagalur, Bangalore North, from 06th to 15th November 2011 for II B.Com Industry Integrated Students as a part of their Curriculum Huvinayakannahalli is not a very populated village. It is quite backward as compared to the other villages in the area. This is why development aid becomes more necessary. Even though the village is backward, the government has established schools for their educational development which has helped in increasing the literacy level of the village but there are no colleges and it creates a problem for women since they have to travel a long distance which changes the mind - set of the parents and end up not sending their daughters to study further and this inturn leads to low literacy level amongst the women. The people of the village are welcoming and friendly. They interacted with us without making us feel out of place. They answer our questions without any hesitation and glad to have us around. The villagers, including the kids and the elderly people who were not educated were polite in their own way. Their kindness and affection was overwhelming. Their infrastructure was not as advanced as it is in the city and needed lots of improvement. There is a wide gap between the rich and the poor. Therefore, as part of the development programme to bridge this gap between them, we encourage the villagers to start their own business by producing day to day necessities like candles, soap, shampoos, detergents, etc.

13

The B.com Industry Integrated Students as part of their curriculum camped in this Village called Huvinayakanahalli, Two kms. away from Bagalur, Bangalore North From 6th November to 15th November, 2011. They carried out Developmental Works at this Village and also follow up the developments through group visits on an ongoing basis. The following are the objectives and activities of this Ten days Camp and frequent visits as a follow up after the Camp.

Objectives of the Camp

To Develop the Place into a Model Village Over A Period of Time To bring about an interface between the Village with the Urban Places. To train the Village Youth in Skills that Provide Business and Employment Opportunities. To Improve the Literacy Level and Educational Opportunities for the Villagers. To Create Awareness among our Students about the Socio-Economic needs of the Rural Community and to motivate them to Get Involved in the Nation Building Activities.

14

Activities during the Camp

1. 2. 3. 4 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Infrastructure Development in the Village Adult Education Rural Literacy and Distribution of Note Books Health Awareness, Medical Camp and distribution of Medicines Up Grading Drinking Water Facility Construction of Toilets Entrepreneurship Training Program and Employment Opportunities Legal Awareness Developing Self Help Groups with a View to assisting them in Microfinance

Community Camp- Day to Day on the Job activities Schedule Day Mornings Evenings

6-11-11 7-11-11 8-11-11 9-11-11 10-11-11 11-11-11 12-11-11 13-11-11 14-11-11

Inauguration of the Camp Survey of the Village Adult Literacy Cleaning of School Premises Tree Planting Painting of School Building Organizing Sports for Villagers Health Camp Hygiene awareness

Orientation for Students Theme based Entertainment Legal Awareness Theme based Entertainment Safety Awareness EDP Organizing Competition Veterinary Camp Theme based Entertainment

15

Community Camp- Daily Schedule

05.30 am 05.45-6.30 am 06.30-7.15 am 07.15-8.00am 08.00-8.30am 08.30- 9.00am 09.00-12.00Noon 12.00-1.00pm 01.00-2.00pm 02.00-3.00pm 03.00-5.00pm 05.00-5.30pm 05.30-6.30pm 06.30-8.00pm 08.15- 9.00pm 08.30-9.15 pm 09.15-9.45pm 10pm

Wake up Refreshing Exercise and Prayer Personal Time Break Fast Work Planning On the Job as per the activities Schedule Personal Time Lunch Rest Workshop for Students Tea and Parent Visit Preparation and Report Writing Entertainment Days Report Presentation by Groups Dinner Personal Time Go to Sleep

16

Community Camp How it was organized:

1. The students were required to report to the Teacher at the College on 6th November, 2011 before 7am. And ensure that their Luggage is well packed and placed in the Bus by 7.30 am. The Bus Started at 8am. to proceed to the Village 2. Late comers had to find their way to the Village on their own arrangement and arrive at the village before 9am. 3. They were dropped back at the college after the ten days camp on 15th November, 2011 at around 5Pm. 4. The College had made reasonable arrangement for their Transport, stay, Vegetarian Food, Mineral Water for drinking, other amenities and Security 5. Lady Teachers and Lady Attenders were with the Students round the Clock at the Camp every day apart from the other Staff. 6. Police protection was also provided at the Ten Days Camp. 7. The students were advised to take active participation with all the Commitment as it is a serious Learning process forming part of the Evaluation. They were Evaluated on the following Parametersa) Concerned for Community, Leadership, Attitude, Adaptability, Hard work, Commitment, Creativity, Motivation, punctuality and Communication - 50 Marks b) Reporting and Presentation skills 50 Marks (you are required to submit a report individually on the Camp). 8. They were required to deal with the People of the Village with due courtesy and avoid Conflicts under any circumstances. 9. They were advised not carry Gold ornaments or any other valuables to the Camp. 10. They were required to wear very modest dress suiting the Village conditions. 11. They were required to maintain punctuality, Discipline and Decorum throughout the Camp.
17

12. Students were not allowed to leave the Camp site during the Camp. However if they were required to leave under compulsions they were to obtain to obtain prior permission of the Parents and the Teachers on the Camp. 13. Official Visitors if any from student side could visit the Camp only between 5pm - 6.30 pm. 14. They were Required to wear their ID Card all the time during the Camp 15. While working in the Camp the students were require to take extra precaution of their personal and group safety, Health, hygiene and mental well being. 16. They were require to work only in the Groups allotted officially and carry out the task assigned by the teacher and their Group Leader

17. The Village was well connected with BMTC Buses from Majestic, Shivajinagar, City Market Direct to the Village (Huvinayakanahalli) Route No.289c and up to Bagalur Route No. 289 A to 289MN 18. All though the College made every attempt to provide Safety, Security and Health the College was not responsible in any way for any happenings beyond its control.

18

CHAPTER 2

PROFILE OF THE VILLAGE

19

The newly introduced course from commerce department of Mount Carmel College (i.e) B.Com Industry Integrated had to do a community development project as a part of their curriculum. The college chose Huvinakayanahalli , a village which is 2 km away from Bagalur, Bangalore North for this purpose. 60 students had to camp in this village for 10 days in the month of November. The village approximately has 200 houses and it was noticed that the basic income for the villagers was earned from Poultry, Cattle Farming and Agricultural activities, while some of the villagers were diverced into other businesses. The villagers are also involved in Sericulture. The village is economically backward, the roads are not properly built and there are no public services like post office etc. They have to travel long distances to get proper education. The village has only one government school with less number of students. The students are provided with midday meals to attract them to come to school and study. The village does not have proper sanitary and water facilities and the villagers bear frequent power cuts. There is only one bus which goes to the village, and there are many buses till Bagalur which is 2 Kms away from the village. Most of the villagers are uneducated, some villagers know how to read and write Kannada which is their mother tongue. The village is still underdeveloped and needs development. It creates a problem for women since they have to travel a long distance which changes the mind - set of the parents and end up not sending their daughters to study further and this in turn leads to low literacy level amongst the women. There is a wide gap between the rich and the poor.

Therefore, as part of the development programme to bridge this gap between them, we encourage the villagers to start their own business by producing day to day necessities like candles, soap, shampoos, detergents, etc.

20

As a result of this Mount Carmel College adopted Huvinayakanahalli for 3 years to maintain and develop it in the course of time. The main aim is to increase the literacy rate and provide employment opportunities to the villagers to increase their standard of living.

SURVEY
What is a survey?
A survey is a data collection tool used to gather information about individuals. Surveys are commonly used in psychology research to collect self-report data from study participants. A survey may focus on factual information about individuals, or it might aim to collect the opinions of the survey takers. A survey can be administered in a couple of different ways. In one method known as a structured interview, the researcher asks each participant the questions. In the other method known as a questionnaire, the participant fills out the survey on his or her own. Surveys are generally standardized to ensure that they have reliability and validity. Standardization is also important so that the results can be generalized to the larger population.

Advantages of Using Surveys Surveys allow researchers to collect a large amount of data in a relatively short period of time. Surveys are less expensive than many other data collection techniques. Surveys can be created quickly and administered easily.

21

Surveys can be used to collect information on a wide range of things, including personal facts, attitudes, past behaviors and opinions.

Disadvantages of Using Surveys Poor survey construction and administration can undermine otherwise well-designed studies. The answer choices provided on a survey may not be an accurate reflection of how the participants truly feel. While random sampling is generally used to select participants, response rates can bias the results of a survey.

Types of Survey Data Collection Surveys can be implemented in a number of different ways. Chances are good that you have participated in a number of different market research surveys in the past. Some of the most common ways to administer survey include: Mail - An example might include an alumni survey distributed via direct mail by your alma mater. Telephone - An example of a telephone survey would be a market research call about your experiences with a certain consumer product. Online - Online surveys might focus on your experience with a particular retailer, product or website.
22

At home interviews - The U.S. Census is a good example of an at-home interview survey administration.

Survey in HUVINAYAKANAHALLI
It is necessary to conduct a survey for carrying out any development activity. The survey gives us the idea about changes we need to carry out through these development activities. Our survey team consisted of 55 members divided into 5 groups. We surveyed around 100 houses in the village .The very first thing which is necessary to be done before developing a community is to collect the entire information required. Only when we have the complete information we can analyze better and judge what can be done, when and in what manner. Our team surveyed about 100 houses on the second day of our community project. Survey mainly projects, economic status, basic amenities, eating habits, educational background etc of the village people. According to the survey nearly 90% of the compounds had one house were asbestos for the roof and bricks and cements.

Roof material 1) Asbestos: 40% 2) Mud tiles: 15% 3) Stones 4) Mould : 5% : 40%
23

Wall material: Mud : 15%

Cement and bricks: 75% Stones General condition: Average : 10%

FLOORING:Almost all the houses had concrete flooring and just about 5% had mud flooring.

PIT LATRINE:95% of the people had pit latrine at their houses. Only 5% people did not have pit latrine at their houses.

THE THINGS THAT THE HOUSEHOLD APPEAR TO OWNS:As per our observation: the cooking equipment that appeared to be used by the households: Gas stove=85% Paraffin stove=10% Fire wood=10%

24

On the basis of the entertainment: Radio=10% Television=90%

COOKING:Every household that cooked thrice (25%) And twice a day (75%) It takes about an hour to cook. Once in a week they bake bread as their main consumption of ragi.

ELECTRICITY:100% of the houses had electricity. They consume average 4 hours in the evenings. About 6% of the houses have refrigerators. Not many had iron boxes and few of them used to get ironed their clothes from outside once in a month.

ANIMALS:Following were the animals that most of the villagers owned. 98% of them had cattle like, buffalos, cows, goats, sheeps and chickens. They used their cattle for both commercial and domestic purposes.

OCCUPATION:-

25

Farming is the major occupation of all the household 15% of them owned farm implements and tractors and 855 of the villagers lived from other occupation Apart from farming many of them worked as labourers, some of them were engaged in dairy.

DIARY Maximum litres of milk collected per day is 20 litres, minimum is 2 litres.

ECONOMIC STATUS 80% of the people were low income people and 20 % of the people were in the high income group and medium income group.

EDUCATION:
ELDERLY EDUCATION 98% were not educated and 2 % had completed their pre university education. ADULTS 75% had completed their pre university education. CHILDREN 95% are pursuing their education. POPULATION

26

Resident household numbers on the whole of 600 to 700 people out of which elderly adults are 20% , adults are 35% and children 45%.

TRANSPORT Frequency of public transport is very much important to cut the fuel cost of private vehicles and to help students go to cities for their higher education.

STRATEGIES
Planning is the most important strategy for the improvement of any field, so here are some strategies for the development of the village 1. Starting off with the materials of the buildings, most of the villagers preferred bricks and for the wall materials, bricks and cement. 2. 95 % of the village houses have pit latrines but many complaints about the sewage problem during the rainy season is the major problem in the village. Hence proper planning must be done which would be convenient for the people and help them in avoiding unnecessary expenditure. 3. Advance technology In the current scenario as we all know, everything is based on automation, mechanization; hence the young generation must have an access to an advanced technology like computers in school, better implements for farming.

ECONOMIC STATUS As 80% of the people belong to the low income category, these people should diversify their activities to the sectors, and especially women should come forward utilize her skills and abilities to earn their living and for that purpose we organized the entrepreneurial development
27

programme. We even noticed that there are few women who have completed their second pre university course. These women should be given an opportunity to conduct tuitions for children and this will help them gain knowledge and also make some earning.

EDUCATION Firstly, within the village, education should be extended from 7th to 10th standard so that they can have basic primary and higher education and this also helps the backward families to provide education.

ANALYSIS OF THE SURVEY

SURVEY REPORT
Q 1. How many buildings in the compound ? Table no.1: Table showing the number of buildings in the compound

No. of buildings

Frequency

Per cent(%)

01 02 More than 3

15 03 02

75 15 10

Pie Chart

28

Number of buildings

1 2 more than 3

In the above graph, we can see that 75% of the people have only 1 building in their compound and 15% of the people have 2 buildings while the remaining have more than 3 . Q.2. Is there a pit latrine? Table No.2: Table showing presence of pit latrine Pit Latrine Present Not present Frequency 08 12 Per cent(%) 40 60

Pie chart

29

Pit Latrine

Present Not Present

Here we can see that 60% of the people do not have pit latrine , while the rest do have it .

Q 3. Do any of the huts/houses have a concrete floor inside? Table No.3: Table showing presence of concrete floor Concrete floor Present Not present Frequency 19 01 Per cent (%) 95 05

Pie Chart

30

Concrete Floor

Present Not present

95% of the people do have concrete flooring and only 5% of the people do not have concrete flooring.

Q 4. What things does the household appear to own? Say how many in each case. Table No.4: Table showing presence of basic appliances Appliances Radio Stove Lamp Large iron/Clay Present 07 13 15 15 Per cent (%) 35 65 75 75 Not present 13 07 05 05 Per cent (%) 65 35 25 25

31

pot Farm implements Tractor Car/Vehicle 03 18 15 90 17 02 85 10 05 25 15 75

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Radio

Bar Diagram 1

Present Not present

Stove

Lamp

Large Iron

Bar Diagram 2

32

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Farm implements Tractor Car/any vehicle Present Series 2

Here we can notice that a large number of people use stove, lamp. iron or clau pot and car but not many people use radio, stove and farm implements.

Q5. What kind of and how many animals does this household seem to have? Table no.5: Table showing the animals owned by the households

33

Animals Goat Donkey Cattle Sheep Chicken

Present 09 0 14 08 06

Per cent(%) 45 0 70 40 30

Not present 11 20 06 12 14

Per cent(%) 55 100 30 60 70

Bar Diagram 1
120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Goat Donkey Cattle

Present Not present

Bar Diagram 2

34

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Sheep Chicken

Present Not present

In the above graphs we can see that 45% of the people have goats and 55% of the people do not have goats , none of the people in the village have donkeys and 70% of the people own cattle while the rest 30% do not own cattle. 60% of the people do not have sheep and the remaining 40% have sheep, 70% of the people donot have chicken and the rest 30% own chicken.

Table showing the economic status of the villagers

35

Level High Medium Low

Frequency 02 14 20

Per cent (%) 10 70 40

Pie Chart

Economic Status

High Medium Low

Here we can see that the economic status of a maximum number of people is medium i.e 70% of the village . 20% of the people have a low economic status and the rest 10% have a very high economic status.

36

Village Survey Questionnaire

Q.1. How many resident household members are there? Table No.1: Table showing the number of resident household members Members Elderly Adults Adults Children Small Children Total Male 9 26 8 9 52 Female 8 22 16 7 43

Here we can see that the number of male members in the village is more than the female members.

Q.2. At what time do you usually cook your meals? Table No.2: Table showing the number of times people cook Number of times One time Two times Three times Numbers 05 13 02 Per cent(%) 25 65 10

37

Pie Chart

Number of times

one time two times three imes

Here we can see that the villagers mostly cook twice a day. 25% of the villagers cook once and 10% of the villagers cook food thrice a day.

Q.3. How long do your meals usually take to prepare? Table No.3: Table showing the time taken for meals to get prepared Time of the day Morning Afternoon Evening 1 Hour 16 4 12 2 Hours 2 1 3 3 Hours 1 0 1

Maximum number of people spend only 1 hour to cook in d mornings , afternoons , and in the evenings .

38

Q.4. Which method do you use for cooking? Table No.4: Table showing the methods used for cooking Method Wood Stove Coal Stove Paraffin Stove Gas Stove Others Frequency 07 0 02 11 03 Per cent(%) 35 0 10 55 15

Pie Chart

Method

Wood Stove Coal Stove Paraffin Stove

Gas Stove
Others

We can see that 55% of the villagers use gas stove for cooking , 35% use wood stove , while the remaining use paraffin stove and other modes for cooking their food.

39

Q.5. How often do you bake bread? Table No.5: Table showing the number of time they bake bread Time Everyday Sometimes Regular Not often Not at all Frequency 12 4 1 1 2 Per cent (%) 60 20 05 05 20

Pie Chart

Number of times

Everyday Sometimes Regular Not often Not at all

Most of the villagers bake their bread on a daily note i.e., 60% of the villagers. Another 20% bake it sometimes, 5% of the people bake it regularly and not quite often while the remaining 20 % do not bake at all.

40

Q.6. How often do you make khadi? Table No.6: Table showing how often they make khadi Number of Litres 1-5 5-10 10 & above Do not make Frequency 0 10 03 07 Per cent(%) 0 50 15 35

Pie Chart

Number of litres

1 to 5 5 to 10 10 & above

Do not make

50% of the people make 5-10 litres of khadi, 35% of the people do not make khadi and 15% of the people make more than 10litres of khadi.

41

Q.7. How often do you brew beer? 100 % - Do not brew beer

Q.8. What fuel do you use when brewing beer? 100% - Do not brew beer

Q.9. What methods do you use for lighting? Table No.9: Table showing the methods of lighting Methods Electricity Paraffin lamp Candle Paraffin lamp and candle Frequency 14 0 4 2 Per cent (%) 70 0 20 10

Pie Chart

Methods
Electricity Paraffin lamp Candle

70% of the people use electricity 20% use candle and the remaining use paraffin lamp and candle
42

Q.10. How many hours in the evening do you use light? Table No.10: Table showing the number of hours light is used Number of hours 1-4 5 and above Frequency 6 14 Per cent (%) 30 70

Pie Chart

Number of hours

1 to 4 5 & above

70% of the villagers use light for more than 5 hours a day and the rest use it for 1-4 hours a day.

43

Q.11. How often do you press clothes? Table No.11: Table showing how often they press clothes Number of times Regular Often Never Frequency 1 11 8 Per cent (%) 05 55 40

Pie Chart

Number of times

Regular Often Never

Here we can see that 55% of the people press clothes quite oftenly, 40% of the people never press their clothes and another 5% press clothes regularly.

44

Q.12. What type of device do you use to press clothes? Table No.12: Table showing the type of device used to press clothes Type of device Solar Iron box Frequency 1 11 Per cent (%) 05 95

Pie Chart

Type of device

Solar Iron box

955 of the people use iron box to press their clothes while the remaining 5 % use solar power

45

Q.13. What fuel do you use for heating the iron? Table No.13 Table showing the fuel used for heating iron Fuel Electricity Solar Frequency 7 1 Per cent (%) 95 05

Pie Chart

Type of fuel

Electricity Solar

95% of the people use electricity and another 5 % use solar

46

Q.14. Do you ever make fire just for heating water? Table No.14: Table showing number of people who make fire just for heating water Frequency Yes No 15 3 Per cent (%) 75 15

Pie Chart

Number of people

Yes No

In the village we can see that 75% of the people make fire just to heat water and the remaining 15% do not make fire to heat water.

47

Q.15. How many litres of water do you heat each day? Table No.15: Table showing litres of water heated each day Litres Upto 20 litres 20-50 litres More than 50 litres Frequency 10 6 4 Per cent (%) 50 30 20

Pie Chart

Litres of water

Upto 20 litres 20 to 50 More than 50 litres

50% of the people heat upto 20 litres 0f water 30 % of the people heat 20-50 litres of water and 20% of the people heat more than 50 litres

48

Q.16. How many household members collect wood? Table No.16: Table showing the number of members who collect wood Members Men Women Girls Boys Frequency 5 4 4 7 Per cent (%) 25 20 20 35

Pie Chart

Members who collect wood

Men Women Girls Boys

Here we can see that 35% of the number of boys in the village collect wood , 25% of the men and 20% of women and girls each go out to collect woods

49

Q.17. Are there any wood preferences? Table no.17: Table showing wood preferences Yes/No Yes No Number 06 04 Per cent(%) 60 40

Pie Chart

Wood Preference

Yes No

60% of the villagers have wood preferences and another 40% of the people do not have any wood preferences,

50

Q.18. Which material do you prefer for roofing? Table No.18: Table showing material used for roofing Material Clay & Mud Cement Frequency 02 18 Per cent(%) 10 90

Pie Chart

Material

Clay & Mud Cement

90% of the people prefer cement for their roofing and only 10% of the people prefer clay and mud

51

Q.19. Do you rent your animals? Table No.19: Table showing number of houses renting their animals Yes/No Yes No Numbers 03 17 Per cent(%) 15 85

Pie Chart

Houses renting animals

Yes No

Here 85% of the people do not rent their animals and a 15% of the people rent animals.

52

Q 20. What are your major sources of income? Table No.20: Table showing the major sources of income Sources Cattle sale Renting Business Work Others Frequency 04 02 08 03 08 Per cent (%) 20 10 40 15 40

40% of the people in the village are into business , 20% of the people are into cattle sale, 15% work, 10% into renting and another 40% do other type of work as their means of income.

53

CHAPTER 3

ACTIVITIES CARRIED OUT DURING THE CAMP

54

DAILY REPORTS
DAY 1
DATE: 6th November
On the first day that is on the 6th of November 2011, we first assembled at 7:30 a.m in the college campus. Then after everyone arrived at the said place in the college campus, we were all divided into two groups and each group occupied one bus each which was arranged by the college for the purpose of our travel from the college campus to the camp for the community development programme which was at Huvinayakanahalli, near Bagalur, Bangalore North. After loading our entire luggage into the bus, we all left the college by 8:30 a.m on a Sunday morning. We reached the camp which was a school building where we had to stay for the camp at 9:30 a.m. As we unloaded our luggage from the bus, we were again divided into two groups and each group occupied 1 room each which was actually classrooms of the school building, where we kept our entire luggage and went to have breakfast which was cooked by the chef who was appointed by our guide to cook for us for all the 10 days who had come from Bangalore.

55

After eating breakfast we divided ourselves into small groups of 6-7 people to go to the village and invite the villagers for the inauguration ceremony which was to start at 11:30 a.m. It was the first time we entered the village and we found that the village atmosphere felt very welcoming even though we were from the city and were new to that place. Later we met a few villagers whom we invited to attend the ceremony. In the beginning itself we realised that the people of that place wake up very early in the morning unlike all of us. They wake up before the sun rises as it is believed that it is very healthy to wake up before the sun rises.

The Chief Guest for the Inauguration ceremony was Mr. Krishna Baire Gowda and the Guest of Honour was our college student and an actor in the Kannada Film Industry Ms. Amulya who was accompanied by Principal Sister Albina, the Dean of the Commerce Department Mrs. Josephine, and the Head of the Commerce Department Mrs. Meenakshi, some Panchayat people of the village who inaugurated the Community Development Programme by lighting the symbolic lamp. The people whom we invited, all of them came for the ceremony and stayed till the end of it. Some villagers were very enthusiastic who volunteered to perform a dance at the function with the Indian Dance Association dancers who had come from our college to entertain us at the function. Surprisingly the children in that village were more talented than we expected them to be. Their performance was outstanding even though they had very little time to practice and come up with a dance routine that was close to perfection. After the inauguration programme got over, we were given a break of few minutes to settle down in our rooms with our luggage. Then we were all called for lunch as the lunch was being served. We were told before itself to carry our plates, spoon n glasses. The meal was delicious and was very appetizing. As we finished eating our lunch, we washed our plates and as a gift of the first day we were given two hours of free time to take rest and to sleep if anyone wanted to. Then we all came out to have our tea/coffee and a small snack. After our small break, we all gathered outside the school building and later segregated into group of 11 members of our choice to carry out the activities carried on the following days at the camp. Then all the students along with the lecturers went out for a small walk cum tour of the village. After our small tour we were given time to write our daily reports and then followed by report reading.

56

As we finished reading our reports, it was announced that everyday one member from each group should volunteer to work in the kitchen. Lastly we welcomed the two lecturers who were going to be with us for 2 days that is Mrs. Rajni and Mrs. Sumitha. We also welcomed Mr. Govinda Gowda to the camp that was going to be with us on all the days of the camp. After all the groups finished presenting their daily reports which had to be read in front of the respective teachers present there, we had to plan our work for the next day. The schedule was made for the next day where we had to go into the village the next morning and conduct the survey regarding various factors of their daily life as well as information regarding the various facilities available for the elders as well as the children of that village. We were told that we would be given questionnaires regarding the survey next morning. We were also told that we were supposed to go in our respective groups and collect the information. To facilitate easy and fast collection of data we further divided ourselves into two more groups. This ensured speedy collection. We were also told that everyday one group member had to help in the kitchen to prepare the meals for the students, we selected one member respectively. After all the decisions and plans were made for the next day, we were given a few minutes to collect our plates and glasses to have our dinner which is served everyday after reading the reports. We then went out with our plates to have our dinner. After we finished eating our dinner, we went out into the village for a small walk and also to meet and greet all the villagers as well as to see the village. After a walk in the village we returned to our camp site/ school building and went to bed to wake up as early as 5:30 a.m. the next morning. As the weather was cold, we all went to bed very early and fell fast asleep.

57

DAY 2
DATE: 7th November
On the second day we got up at 5:30 AM and freshened up , did our daily chores and started out with a small prayer followed by an exercise section which was lead by the sports players of our class . After a while we had our bath and had breakfast that was served to us .Also, few of our classmates were allowed to go home to celebrate their main festival Bakri-Id. After our breakfast at 8.30a.m. we left for the survey to be conducted at the village. Our group was divided into 2 to cover 20 houses each and given survey sheets that had questions which would help us to determine the income level of the villagers. The girls who knew Kannada questioned the villagers and the others wrote down the translated answers. The villagers were very welcoming and offered us water and lunch. They interacted with us very well and even we made sure that they were comfortable with us. We were done with 20 houses by afternoon and returned to the campus. We noticed that in the beginning they were reluctant on giving us information but they gradually opened up. We went to as many houses possible .Two children helped us by taking us around the village and introducing us to the villagers. We noticed that a majority of the villagers had cattle close to their houses which were not at all hygienic. There was stagnant water and all kinds of insects all around .The roads were also not very clean. Thus we would suggest them to improve on the same. We also observed that a majority of houses had solar heaters , gas stoves , televisions , satellite TV connections , U.P.S and also cars .After having a short nap in the afternoon followed by tea , we had group discussion in the evening. Each group was given a
58

topic related to rural and urban lifestyle. We were given time to discuss among our group members and later 2 members from each group presented the topic..We ended our activities with the presentation of our daily report. Our teachers appreciated us for the hard work that we put in and also asked us to keep up the good work .We are thankful to Rajani Mam and Sumitha Mam for being with us and also for being so friendly and helpful to us .

DAY 3
DATE: 8th November
On third day as we woke up around 5:45 we were enthusiastic about the day after finishing our daily routine we had our daily coffee/tea and we did our daily exercise by 7:30. We welcomed our teachers Janaki and Krithika mam and Wewere asked by Govinda sir to assemble around 9:30 for event that need to be performed for that day and so we all had our breakfast and we headed to the village to check the LITERARCY level of the villagers especially the women in the village. As we went around the village and we asked them to write their names and their signature in kannada and English. We were not heartily welcomed as most of the women were least interest in learning their personal identification even when we explained its importance in a womens life. Around 12 everyone was back to the school and we had our delicious lunch provided to us after that we took rest till 4o clock . After our refreshments for the evening we went to the village by 5 and we were waiting for the Bell Bajao team to perform their street play for the villagers. By 6 they arrived and performed really marvellous stating the current issues in the villages across India. There were 8 to 10 members performing the domestic violence against the women in this male dominating and thus by creating the awareness among the women in the village. It was about how the women are abandoned and mistreated in their education, marriage, work, a divorce and a unmarried womens plight in house and the abuse in their husbands house.

59

After the play we were asked by the play artist to sign the banner in support of their play.By 8 we went back to the school and we made our daily report to our teachers, Sir and or classmates and we had our dinner around 9 and by 10 we all went rooms with another memorable day in our life.

DAY 4
DATE: 9th November
It started off with our usual routine; the task assigned to us today was to clean the school premises, which involved removing the weeds and the plastics from the compound. We had lots of fun even though the work was tiring. The teachers were helpful and were with us the whole time. This task helped us come together and work as a team. In the afternoon most of us took our siesta as we were all tired after cleaning the school premises. Around 5.00p.m , Dr.S.Ramesh and the other teachers organized a throw ball match between different groups. Though all of us hesitated to play in the beginning after a while we decided to join the inter group match. It was very entertaining and exciting. There were 5 teams which were 1. Ganga 2. Yamuna 3. Indus 4. Kaveri and 5. Narmada.

60

8 members from each time had to play the match.The team that made it to the semi-finals were Indus and Ganga. Indus won the match but to earn the trophy they had to play against the staff. After the match we had 1 hour for relaxation and by 7.30 we started workin on the daily report. After submitting our daily reports dinner was served to us. All of us had our fill, spent some time with the lecturers and ended our day. It was a day filled with fun and excitement for the girls as well for the staff. We thank Janaki Mam and Krithika Mam for their guidance all throughout the day.

DAY 5
DATE: 10th November
Fifth day was quite fascinating. Right after the prayers, exercises and daily routine girls got busy with their farm implements. We welcomed Candida Mam and Surya Mam. Later, we dug around 60 pits with the help of Govinda sir, few staff members and few villagers to plant the saplings of guava, mango and jackfruit that had come previous evening. We finished planting our saplings around 1.00 p.m. Though we all felt it was a hecticl longest day which involved lot of physical activities. But no one can deny the fact that it was a fun filled event and the time which we spent for sapling plantation was worth while. And we all had acute sense of satisfaction that we did a bid of our contribution for the environment which will go long way for the next generation Later, in the evening we invited the villagers to give the insight about the Entrepreneurship Development Program which was planned for the next day morning. The villagers were inquisitive to know about the details and showed their willingness to participate in the event and to take away the essence of the program. Later, in the evening we ended our day with daily report and dinner and day was a breathtaking experience for all of us .
61

DAY 6
DATE: 11th November
This was one of the most important days of the camp. Dr.S.Ramesh and other staff members conducted Entrepreneurship Development Programme for the villagers. The main aim of this programme was to help the villagers, mainly help the women to learn how they could start small scale businesses. The college arranged for the SUMANGALI SEVA SAMITI to come here and teach the villagers how to make candles, herbal shampoo, phenoyl, soaps and detergents. There were many women and girls who were interested and showed a lot of enthusiasm in learning how to make them. In the evening, the girls who were there in the street play practiced for it and others prepared the daily report being thankful to Candida Mam and Surya Mam.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME The main objective of the Sumangali Seva Samithi was to teach the women from the village to make daily use products which could either be sold by them as means of income or for their personal use.

62

They started off by making candles followed by cleaning powder, soap , phenyl, liquid soap and shampoo. CANDLES MATERIALS REQUIRED: Wax Thread Moulds Oil Colour (if required) PROCEDURE: 1. Oil the moulds 2. Heat the wax. Make sure that the vessel used for heating the wax is dry. Now pour the hot wax into the oiled moulds. 3. Colours could be added to the wax while the wax is being heatened 4. The moulds have provision for attaching the threads . Attach the threads to the mould. 5. Cool the wax and then pour it into the mould. 6. Keep it aside till the wax is set. The candles are now ready!

CLEANING POWDER MATERIALS REQUIRED

63

Cleaning powder Soda ash SMS powder TSP powder

1kg 100 gms 30 gms 30 gms

PROCEDURE Mix all the above powders .

LIQUID SOAP MATERIALS REQUIRED Hot water Neeli liquid 1litre 25 gms

PROCEDURE Boil water and mix it well with the neeli powder. Make sure that the liquid soap is stored in plastic bottles.

64

PHENYL MATERIALS REQUIRED Phenyl compounds Water 50gms 1 litre PROCEDURE Mix both water and phenyl compound.

SOAP MATERIALS REQUIRED STPP powder Soda bicarbonate Soda ash TSP powder CMC powder Ranipal powder Acid slurry Scent 1 kg 250 gms 100 gms 100 gms 500 gms 20 ml 1 1/2 kg 1 kg

PROCEDURE Mix all the above except acid slurry. After mixing them add acid slurry and scent to the mixture.

65

SHAMPOO Water Cocomona SLS Neem leaf or powder if leaves if powder 1 handful 1 tsp Same measurement 2 tsp 20 ml 20 ml 1/2 litre 50 gms 100 gms

Tulsi powder Mehndi powder Colour Scent

PROCEDURE The 1/2 litre water should be divided to 1/4th hot and 1/4th cold . Mix cocomona powder with the hot water. Mix tulsi, neem, mehndi, with cold water. Add SLS powder to cold water. Mix both d mixtures .

66

DAY 7
DATE:12th November
On the seventh day, we had to get up around 5.30a.m and we started our exercises by 6.30a.m for our exercises.Breakfast was served to us by 7.30a.m. After breakfast, around 8.45a.m Balquees Mam and Atika Mam accompanied us and we left in the morning to campaign for the health camp which was to be held the next day. We went to around 12 villages to invite the villagers for free health check up. We were divided into two vehicles , the college van and the principle's vehicle. We managed to cover all the eight villages by 2.00p.m. Various doctors from Bangalore were coming to the camp to diagnose the people. There were Dentist, Skin specialist, Eye specialist, General physicians, ENT, Child specialist. Pick up and drop facilities were available to all the villagers. We came back in the afternoon at around 2.00p.m. after campaign. We then freshened up and had our lunch. In the evening, again we went around our village in our bus to announce the local residents about the camp. In the evening, after submitting our daily reports we were divided into groups as hospitality, publicity and different specialist assistants.

67

DAY 8
DATE: 13th November
The eighth day was very hectic, we were informed before to wake up early and arrange for the health camp. We had our beverages and started working. The publicity team went again to spread the news of health camp and to pick the villagers from neighbouring village, while others like the hospitality team arranged rooms, the registration team also prepared their desk and waiting for villagers while hospitality team welcomed the doctors. Later, the assistants of different specialist joined doctors and were ready for health check up. The villagers had their checkups and were provided with medicines by the pharmacy department. From our group Prathima, Anastha and Shivika were at the pharmacy department assisting Chellam sir to hand over the medicines to the villagers.At the end of the day, there were 270 villagers who had their checkups and provided with free medicines. We were happy about the number of villagers who had turned up for the health camp. After the health camp we were given enough time to rest. Later, in the evening we ended our daily report by thanking Balquees Mam and Atika Mam for helping us make the health camp such a great success.

68

DAY 9
DATE: 14th November
The ninth day was the last day of the community development service program. On that morning we had sports day for the children in the school. Various games were played like the sac race and running race. Also the teachers and helpers were made to play a few similar games. The men in the village were made to play cricket and rangoli competitions were held for the women. They actively participated in the events that were organized by us. We cheered for the various teams. After the events the teachers had gone around the various houses to see the rangoli displays done by the women in the village, the best of which was selected. In the afternoon the summary of the daily reports and the summary of findings and conclusion were made for the presentation in the valedictory program, also the findings and conclusions of the survey reports were made for the same purpose. The girls who were in the street play were also practicing for the program in the evening .In the evening we had our valedictory program. It started at around 5:30. The principle Sr.Albina, Sr.Violet, Sr.juanita, Mrs.Dr.Josephine rozario (HOD), Mr.Dr.S, Ramesh, Mr.Govinda Gowda and a few lecturers from the commerce department were also present. In the valedictory Mr. Rajanna spoke about how we helped the village in their upcoming and growth and also how we co-operated with them. He also thanked Ramesh sir and us for all the help and co-operation. Followed by that, our classmates had presented the survey report and the total
69

summary of the activities that was done in the entire service program. We had also expressed our gratitude towards the villagers and thanked them and our professors without which this would not have been possible.

70

CHAPTER 4

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, PROBLEMS IDENTIFIED, SUGGESTIONS AND STRATEGIES

71

SUMMARY, FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS

The main intention of this community development project was to bring about an interface between the village and urban places and to create awareness among our students about the Socio - economic needs of the Rural Community and to motivate them to get involved in the Nation Building activities. This project has definitely helped us realize how important it is to work as a team and how simple the life of the villagers is. It has definitely brought a new turn to our live. I do admit that on the first day of the project I was shocked and I thought that I would not be able to survive in that environment but as days passed I began to realize that it was a wonderful and a pleasant place for a person to live. The activities of the camp was infrastructure development, literacy program , entrepreneurship development program , cleanliness awareness, health camp, planting of saplings, distribution of notebooks, construction of toilets etc. The overall goal of this project is to make the village a model village over a period of time. The villagers were very welcoming and showed a lot of interest in this community development, they were cooperative and helped us in giving the information that we needed. We felt at home though we were miles away from our home. I was personally touched by the simple lives that they lived even in their hardships. This project has helped me to become a better person, it showed me to be thankful to all the things that I have. It has made me be humble and grateful. the community project brought a sense of humility to all the students. We learnt to adjust to each other, brought us close and we learnt to forgive and forget.

72

We are thankful to Ramesh sir and Govind sir for giving us a wonderful opportunity and also for taking good care of us during the 10 day community development project.

73

FINDINGS AND SUGGESTIONS The villagers were enthusiastic the whole time we were in the village. The things that I noticed during the camp were on the literacy program day the women hesitated to learn English. They felt that it wasn't necessary. A separate program could be introduced to show the women how important it is to know English and also education as a whole. The next thing that I noticed was that the kids did not know how to be hygienic. These things should be taught to them in school. They should know how important cleanliness is. During the literacy program we came across teenagers who had completed their 10th but did not want a graduation, when asked why they replied by saying that they had to travel all the way to Bagalur for their graduation. A higher secondary school could be started in the same school premises. This would enable them to continue their education without travelling a long distance. There are no street lights in the village , street lights could be introduced in the village During the EDP programme, we noticed that a bunch of women were extremely interested in starting their own small scale business in order to support their families financially. They showed keen interest and wanted to take an initiative to do something different.

74

CHAPTER 5

BIBLIOGRAPHY

75

BIBLIOGRAPHY www.mountcarmelcollege.com www.google.com The survey report (attached)

76