LEARNERS GUIDE
FOLLOW PRINCIPLES OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY (OH&S) IN WORK ENVIRONMENT
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Produced by
Learning Management Services Department Gordon Town Road Kingston 7 Jamaica W.I.
This material is protected by copyright. Copying this material or any part of it by any means, including digital or in any form is prohibited unless prior written permission is obtained from the HEART Trust/NTA.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE Introduction.......................................................................................................................... Welcome ............................................................................................................... This Competency Unit ................................................................................................ Before You Start ......................................................................................................... Planning Your Learning Programme .......................................................................... Self-Assessment Checklist.......................................................................................... How To Use This Learners Guide ............................................................................. Using the Computer and other Resources ................................................................... Method of Assessment ................................................................................................ 1 1 1 2 2 3 5 6 6
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FOLLOW PRINCIPLES OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY (OH&S) IN WORK ENVIRONMENT
INTRODUCTION Welcome Welcome to the Learners Guide for Unit of Competency Follow Principles of Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) in Work Environment. This is just one of a number of Learners Guides produced for the Core Skills stream of the Metal, Engineering and Maintenance, and it is designed to guide you, the learner, through a series of learning processes and activities that will enable you to achieve the specified learning outcomes for the competency unit. The content of this guide was developed from the Competency Standard MEMCOR0141A, which is one of the basic building blocks for the National Vocational Qualification of Jamaica (NVQ-J) certification within the industry. Please refer to your Learners Handbook for a thorough explanation of standards and competencies, and how these relate to the NVQJ certification. You are also advised to consult the Competency Standard and assessment instrument for a better understanding of what is required to master the competency.
This Competency Unit Follow Principles of Occupational Health and Safety in Work Environment addresses the knowledge and skills requirements to effectively use electrical/electronic measuring devices. There are two main areas or elements: Element 1: Element 2: Follow Safe Work Practices Report Workplace Hazards and Follow Emergency Procedures
As you go through each element, you will find critical information relating to each one. You are advised to study them carefully so that you will be able to develop the necessary knowledge, skills and attitudes for using electrical/electronic measuring devices.
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Before you start Before you start this Learners Guide, you need to: a. Obtain a Learners Logbook that you will use to record evidence of your new skills/competence. As you demonstrate your new skills, record your activities and have your learning facilitator sign off on them. This will allow you to provide evidence of your competence when you are being assessed against the competency standard. b. Ensure that you have access to the facilities and equipment necessary for learning. c. Ensure that your learning resources are available. d. Ensure that you are wearing suitable clothing, that tools and equipment are safe, and that the correct safety equipment is used. e. Plan your learning programme (see below) f. Understand how to use this Learners Guide (see below)
Planning your learning programme The self-assessment checklist on the following page will assist you in planning your training programme as it will help you to think about the knowledge and skills needed to demonstrate competency in this unit. As you go through the checklist you will be able to find out what elements you have already mastered and which ones you will need to pay more attention to as you go through the learning process. To complete the self- assessment checklist, simply read the statements and tick the Yes or No box. You should do this exercise now.
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Self-Assessment Checklist - Follow Principles of Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) in Work Environment Element 1 1. Follow Safe Work Practices Yes No
I can carry out work safely and in accordance with company policy and company procedures and legislative requirements I can undertake housekeeping in accordance with company procedures I can understand my responsibilities and duties and demonstrate them in day-to-day actions I can wear personal protective equipment and store them according to company procedures I can use all equipment and safety devices according to legislative requirements and company/manufacturers procedures/instructions I can identify and follow signs/symbols as per instruction I can carry out all manual handling in accordance with Industry requirements, company procedures and National Occupational Health & Safety guidelines I can demonstrate Occupational Health & Safety Commission guidelines
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Element 2
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I can identify workplace hazards during the course of ( ) I can demonstrate the means of contacting the appropriate personnel and emergency services in the event of an accident I can understand emergency and evacuation procedures and am able to carry them out when required ( )
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How did you do? If you ticked all or most of the Yes boxes then you might not need to go through the entire guide. Ask your learning facilitator to assist you in determining the most appropriate action you should take. If you ticked a few of the Yes boxes or none at all then you should work through all of the guide, even though some of the material my be familiar to you. Plan your learning based on your answers. Be sure to involve your learning facilitator in the planning process.
How to use this Learners Guide This Learners Guide is designed to assist you in working and learning at your own pace. We suggest that you: Go through the sections/elements as they are presented (starting at Section 1) Check your progress at each checkpoint to ensure that you have understood the material Observe the icons and special graphics used throughout this guide to remind you of what you have to do and to enhance your learning. The icons and their meanings are as follows: Complete Assessment Exercise This exercise requires you to think about the knowledge and skills that you have or will develop in this competency unit.
Definition Box Words/phases are defined or explained in this box. The words/phases being explained are in bold print.
Checkpoint This denotes a brain teaser and is used to check your understanding of the materials presented. No answers are provided for the questions asked.
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Activity This denotes something for you to do either alone or with the assistance of your trainer/supervisor.
Reference Points you to the reference materials and other support documents or resources used in compiling the unit content. Ask your learning facilitator for help if you have any problems with the interpretation of the contents, the procedures, or the availability of resources. Complete each activity as you come to it. If the activity requires you perform an actual task, be sure to tell your learning facilitator when you get to that activity so that he/she can make any arrangements, if necessary. Get your learning facilitator to sign and date the Learner Logbook when yo u have completed an activity. Complete the self-assessment checklist at the end of each section or element.
When you have worked through all elements of the guide, and when you can tick every Yes box, you are ready for assessment and should ask your learning facilitator to assist you in making the arrangements to have your performance assessed.
Using the Computer and Other Resources Where your activities refer you to the library, computer and Internet resources, ask your learning facilitator to assist you with locating these resources. If you are getting your training in an institution, there may be a library and a computer laboratory. If this is not the case, visit the local library and find out what resources are available. If you are new to the computer and the Internet, someone in the computer room should be able to show you how to use these resources. Please note that in many of your activities you have been referred to information on the Internet. This is because the Internet has a vast amount of information that can help you in acquiring the particular competencies. We would like to advise you, however, that we cannot guarantee that all the sites will be available when you need them. If this happens, ask your learning facilitator to assist you with locating other sites that have the information you require.
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Method of Assessment Competency will be assessed while you are actually performing the tasks related to this competency, this may be in a real workplace or a simulated situation that accurately relates to the work situation. You are advised to consult the associated competency standard and assessment instrument for further details relating to the assessment strategies. You may now start your learning. Have fun while you work!
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ELEMENT 1:
LEARNING OUTCOME
As you go through this element you need to ensure that you acquire the required knowledge, skills and attitude to follow safe work practices. Your learning facilitator is there to assist you through the various activities. Upon completion of this element you should be able to: 1. Carry out work safely in accordance with company policy and company procedures and legislative requirements 2. Undertake housekeeping in accordance with company procedures 3. Understand and demonstrate responsibilities and duties of employees in day-to-day actions 4. Wear and store personal protective equipment according to company procedures 5. Use all equipment and safety devices according to legislative requirements and company/manufacturings procedures/instructions 6. Identify and follow safety signs/symbols as per instruction 7. Carry out all manual handling in accordance with legal requirements, company procedures and National Occupational Health & Safety guidelines 8. Demonstrate Occupational Health & safety Commission guideline
Safe working practices should be followed in carrying out all workplace activities. These safety responsibilities should be applied to: Personal protection Safe interactive work practices (duty of care) Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) regulations National Environment and Planning Agency (NEPA) regulations.
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ACTIVITY: By accessing the Internet, reading textbooks and consulting appropriate personnel identify the safety responsibilities that should be applied to the following: 1. Personal protection 2. Safe interactive work practices (duty of care) 3. Occupational health and Safety (OH&S) regulations 4. National Environment and Planning Agency (NEPA) regulations
UNDERTAKING HOUSEKEEPING
The workplace should be maintained in a safe and clean condition, following company procedures. These procedures are generally applied: Before work is carried out During work being carried out After work is completed
Housekeeping is required for the following: Floors Work areas Machines Tools
CHECKPOINT: When should housekeeping be undertaken in accordance with company procedures? Where are housekeeping principles applied?
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ACTIVITY: You are required to conduct an interview with a Safety Officer/Personnel at a company to determine how housekeeping is undertaken according to that companys procedures. Share your findings with your learning facilitator and peers.
Workplaces activities that are carried out in accordance with the responsibilities and duties of employees, include: Working safely Not endangering others Following company and legislative requirements Following procedures for handing dangerous substances and so on
All responsibilities and duties should be understood and demonstrated in day to day actions.
CHECKPOINT: What are the responsibilities and duties that should be understood and demonstrated in day to day actions?
ACTIVITY: Choose two of the responsibilities mentioned above and describe the principles involved in each.
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All personal protective equipment should be worn and stored according to company procedures. They may include: Overalls, safety glasses/goggles, hard hat/cap Dust masks/respirators, gum boots Ear plugs/muffs
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Fig. 7 Protective Clothing (Sanctumwork.tradeindia.com) When carrying out workplace activities, all appropriate safety equipment and devices should be used in accordance with legislative and company/manufacturers requirements. Ensure that adequate storage facilities exist which will prevent deterioration and damage.
CHECKPOINT: What are some of the safety equipment and devices that are used to carry out workplace activities?
ACTIVITY: Complete an inventory of all the safety equipment and devices that are needed to perform work activities in your field of study. Share your results with your peers and learning facilitator.
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The appropriate equipment and safety devices for particular workplace tasks and activities should be selected according to legislative and company/manufacturers requirements. The specification of the appropriate equipment and safety devices depend on the tasks to be performed. However, this information is usually provided before the task is undertaken.
CHECKPOINT: Why are equipment and safety devices used according to legislative and company/manufacturers procedures/instructions?
Work should be carried in accordance with the information given by safety signs and symbols. It is important that the signs and symbols should be interpreted correctly before they are applied during work activities. Signs and symbols can include: Fig. 8 Signs/Symbols
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CHECKPOINT: Identify all signs and symbols inside and outside the workshop.
ACTIVITY: For each sign identified determine the application/s for the work to be carried out. Share your results with your peers.
Manual handling should be carried out in accordance with the principles laid down by: Legislation Company procedures National Health and safety organizations
Manual handling involves: Lifting Lowering Moving Holding Restraining any object, animal or person
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All these principles involved in manual handling should be done according to the correct procedures.
ACTIVITY: Determine the procedures involved in manual lifting by referring to a practical situation in your area of specialization. You need to mention all tools, equipment and specific principles involved. Prepare a report for your learning facilitator.
All manual handling should be carried out in accordance with: Legal requirements Company procedures National Occupational Health & Safety Commission guidelines
OH&S policies and procedures are developed by management in consultation with the workplace and consistent with legislative requirements. It is therefore a requirement that correct procedures are applied to all workplace activities.
CHECKPOINT: What OH&S Commission guidelines should be demonstrated when conducting workplace activities?
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ACTIVITY: Access the web site :www.nmsu.edu/safety/programs/lab_safety/index.htm and comment on the policies and guidelines for safety. Prepare and submit a report to your learning facilitator.
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ARE YOU READY TO PROVE YOUR COMPETENCY? Now that you have completed this element see if you have fully grasped all the components by doing the following self-assessment.
Checklist 1 1. I know how to carry out work safely in accordance with company procedures and legislative requirements I can apply the principles to undertake housekeeping with company procedures I can demonstrate responsibilities and duties in day-to-day actions I know how to wear and store protective equipment according to company procedures I understand how to use all equipment and safety devices according to legislative requirements and company/ manufacturers procedures/instructions I know how to identify and follow safety signs/symbols as instruction I understand how to carry out manual handling in accordance with legal requirements, company procedure and National Occupational Health & Safety guidelines I know how to demonstrate Occupational Health & Safety Commission guidelines
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Checklist 2 1. Work is carried out safely in accordance with company procedures and legislative requirements Housekeeping is undertaken in accordance with company procedures Responsibilities and duties of employee are understood and demonstrated in day-to-day actions Personal protective equipment is worn and stored according to company procedures All equipment and safety devices are used according to legislative requirements and company/manufacturers procedures/instructions Safety signs/symbols are identified and followed as per instruction All manual handling is carried out in accordance with legal requirements, company procedure and National Occupational Health & Safety guidelines Occupational Health and Safety Commission guidelines are demonstrated
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ELEMENT 2:
LEARNING OUTCOME
As you go through this element you need to ensure that you acquire the required knowledge, skills and attitude to report workplace hazards and follow emergency procedures. Your learning facilitator is there to assist you through the various activities. Upon completion of this element you should be able to: 1. Identify workplace hazards during the course of work and reported to appropriate person according to standard operating procedures/factory act 2. Demonstrate means of contacting the appropriate personnel and emergency services in the event of an accident 3. Understand and carry out emergency and evacuation procedure when required
All workplace hazards encountered in the course of daily activities should be noted and reported to the appropriate personnel according to standard operating procedures. Hazards that may be encountered could include: Manual handling Hazardous materials and substances Noise Slips and falls Electrical usage, etc.
There are procedures outlined for reporting hazards. One example is as follows: 1. In the event of an accident/injury or hazard/near miss, staff are required to immediately report the incident to the Head of Division/Branch, School/Area, Department or Centre and the relevant area Safety and Health Representative. 2. The report must be made by completing the official Incident Report form available from the area Safety and Health Representative and ensuring that it is countersigned by the Head of Division/Branch, School/Area, Department or Centre and the relevant area Safety and Health Representative. 3. The report must be made by completing the official Incident Report form available from the area Safety and Health Representative and ensuring that it is countersigned by the Head of Division/Branch, School/Area, Department or Centre and the relevant area Safety and Health Representative.(iii) This report must be made regardless of whether or not the staff member who suffered the incident intends to claim Workers Compensation. 4. The completed and signed report form must be forwarded immediately to the Director, Workplace Relations/Work Environment Unit.
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CHECKPOINT: What are some of the possible hazards that can be encountered during workplace activities? What procedures can be applied reporting hazards?
ACTIVITY: Apply the procedure given above for the reporting of hazards to a given situation provided by your learning facilitator. Share your results with your peers.
The appropriate personnel or services should be contacted in the event of a range of accidents including: Burns Poisons Broken limbs Eye accidents Spills Explosions Falls Electrical accidents
Means of communication with emergency personnel along with procedures and reasons for adopting standard procedures should also be identified.
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CHECKPOINT: What means of communication can be used to contact emergency personnel if hazards occur at the workplace? What are the procedures and reasons for adopting standard procedures when hazards occur?
ACTIVITY: Develop a feasible plan for effectively communicating with appropriate persons or services in case of a hazard. Include the means of communication, response mechanisms and management of the system. Present details of your plan to your learning facilitator.
If an emergency occurs, emergency procedures should be followed. These procedures may include but not limited to the isolation of the following equipment: Electrical Mechanical Hydraulic Pneumatic Emergency Steam and water Oxy fuel
It is important that the evacuation procedures of a company is described and understood clearly by the workers in an effort to ensure that evacuation occurs smoothly and safely.
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CHECKPOINT List some equipment that should be isolated during emergency procedures.
ACTIVITY: Design an evacuation procedure for a company of your choice that could be used during an emergency.
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ARE YOU READY TO PROVE YOUR COMPETENCY? Now that you have completed this element see if you have fully grasped all the components by doing the following self-assessment.
Checklist 1 1. I know how to identify work place hazards during the course of work and report to appropriate to persons according to standard operating procedures/factory act I understand how to demonstrate means of contacting the appropriate personnel and emergency services in the event of an accident I understand and can carry out emergency and evacuation procedure
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Checklist 2 1. Workplace hazards are identified during the course of work and report to appropriate person according to standard operating procedures/factory act Means of contacting the appropriate personnel and emergency services in the event of an accident is demonstrated Emergency and evacuation procedure are understood and carried out when required
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