Chemistry 101: Tutorial 1

Chemistry 101
Tutorial 1: For completion during Week 2 Worked Answers Module A: Principles of Analytical Chemistry Question 1: For the following situations where chemical analysis is required which analytical technique in the list presented below (1 to 8) would you select as most suitable on the basis of the information provided? In each case explain your answer. (a) (b) Determination of the identity of a suspected non-volatile organic chemical adulterant in a sample of milk powder. HPLC-MS Measurement of trace levels of heavy metals in the blood serum of children thought to be exposed to a pollution source. ICP-MS or ICP-OES (AAS does not have required detection limits). Determination of the level of acidity in a sample of white wine. Titration Techniques: (1) Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, (2) titration, (3) high performance liquid chromatography with UV-Visible absorbance detection, (4) high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (5) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, (6) ame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, (7) gravimetry, (8) differential scanning calorimetry. Question 3: The determination of the concentration of acetic acid in a sample of commercial white vinegar was carried out by titration with a standard sodium hydroxide solution. A 20 mL portion of the vinegar was transferred using a pipette into a 100 mL volumetric ask and made up to the mark with deionised water. A 20.00 ml portion of this dilute solution of vinegar (measured with a pipette) was titrated with 0.201 0.002 M sodium hydroxide solution. The titration readings were: Final reading Initial reading Volume delivered 26.05 mL 1.20 mL 24.85 mL

(c)

(a) Calculate the concentration of acetic acid (in g/L) in the diluted white vinegar with its associated relative and absolute uncertainty. CH3COOH(aq) + NaOH(aq) CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l) Number of moles NaOH titrated = 24.85 x (0.201/1000) = 4.99485 x 10-3 moles Number of moles CH3COOH titrated = 4.99485 x 10-3 moles
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Chemistry 101: Tutorial 1

Concentration diluted CH3COOH = 4.99485 x 10-3 x (1000/20) = 0.2497425 M Molar mass CH3COOH = (2 X 12.01) + (4 X 1.008) + (2 X 16.00) = 60.052 g mol-1 Concentration diluted CH3COOH in g/L = 14.99753661 g/L Uncertainty: Uncertainty (mL) Molarity Burette (mL) Pipette (mL) 0.201 24.85 20.00 0.002 0.10 0.05 Relative Uncertainty (%) 1.0 0.4 0.25 1.65 1.65 % of 14.99753661 = 0.2475 Concentration of acetic acid in diluted vinegar = 15.0 0.2 g/L (b) Calculate the concentration of acetic acid (in % w/v) in the undiluted white vinegar. Concentration of acetic acid in diluted vinegar in % w/v = (15.0/1000) x 100 = 1.5 % w/v Concentration of acetic acid in undiluted vinegar = 1.5 x (100/20) = 7.5 % w/v Note: Use the following random uncertainties for volumetric glassware: Pipette: 0.05 mL for a 20 mL pipette Burette: 0.05 mL for each reading Volumetric asks: 0.02 mL for each 100 mL capacity

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