PLANNING AND ENGINEERING

NETWORK SERVICES DIVISION

OUTLINE OUTLINE
RELEASE 99
What is Rel.99 3G Network Topology Capacity Coverage Soft Handover

RELEASE 5 (HSDPA)
What is HSDPA Data rate Performance Coverage Resources

RELEASE 99 3G RELEASE 99 3G
WHAT IS REL.99 3G? Release 99 3G is based on WCDMA technology, characterized by use of a wider bandwidth than CDMA, which results to high transfer rate, increased system capacity and communication quality It is designed for multimedia communication, capable of delivering different types of services Voice SMS, MMS Video Data

NETWORK TOPOLOGY NETWORK TOPOLOGY

BSS / RAN CIRCUIT SWITCHED CORE

MSC / VLR
BTS NODE B

MGW

MSS

PSTN BSC TC HLR 3G HLR

BTS NODE B

RNC

SGSN
BTS NODE B

3G SGSN IMS GGSN INTERNET

PACKET SWITCHED CORE

NET WORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CS-Domain Network
Visitor Location Register (VLR)
- subscriber profile (temporary) - location information (e.g. LAI) - subscriber identifier (e.g. IMSI, TMSI)
Gateway Mobile services Switching Centre (GMSC)

Mobile services Switching Centre (MSC)

Exchange specific functions: - switching - signalling evaluation - operational tasks (alarms, CDR generation, statistics)

Mobile communication specific functions - mobility management - mobile specific connection management - interaction with HLR and VLR - interaction with GERAN/UTRAN - transcoding (UMTS only)

Exchange specific functions: - switching - signalling evaluation - operational tasks (alarms, CDR generation, statistics) Mobile communication specific functions - Interrogation of HLR

PS-Domain Network
Charging Gateway Function (CGF) Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)

intermediate between SGSN/GGSN and billing centre

Network Access Control

(CDR collection, screening)

Packet Routing & Transfer

Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)

Network Access Control

(authentication, authorisation, admission control, CDR collection, operator determined barring)

(relay, routing, address translation & mapping, encapsulation, tunnelling)

Mobility Management
Border Gateway (BG)

Packet Routing & Transfer

(relay, routing, address translation & mapping, encapsulation, tunnelling)

For secure interPLMN connection

Mobility Management

Radio Network Controller Tasks & Functions

WCDMA radio resource management incl. Radio resource management of channel configurations, traffic and control channels, handovers, power control. Telecom functionality incl. Location & connection management, ciphering, Iu and Iub channel management, ATM switching and multiplexing Maintenance incl. Fault localisation and reconfiguration Operation incl. RNC and Node B parameter modification

RNC196/1to5 - RNC Capacity Steps in RAS05

solutions for flexible network building RNC196 / 5 steps HSDPA 100 Mbit/s R99 196Mbit/s 1 2 3
Config. RNC196 /step Iub traffic capacity Iub Mbit/s AMR Erlangs Number of Carriers BTSs supported
R99/HSDPA R99/HSDPA with max pool with max pool size size

Connectivity Interfaces STM-1 /OC-3 AAL2UP

E1/ T1

R99/HSDPA with max pool size

Mbit/s

1 2 3 4 5

48 / 16 85 / 33 122 / 50 159 / 75 196 / 100

1300 2700 4000 5400 6800

128 / 48 384 / 144 192 / 96 576 / 288 256 / 144 768 / 432 320 / 216 960 / 648 384 / 288 1152 / 864

400 550 700 850 1000

Max number of the cards 4 4 4 4 4

Nbr of int unprot. / (Protected) 16 / (8+8) 16 / (8+8) 16 / (8+8) 16 / (8+8) 16 / (8+8)

Max number of the cards 4 6 8 10 12

Nbr of int unprotected

4 5

64 96 128 160 192

Node B Tasks & Functions

Radio Channel functions. O&M Processing.
Interfacing with NMS and RNC for alarm and control (Operations and Maintenance) functions. Logical to physical channel mappings. Encoding/Decoding Spreading/Despreading user traffic and signalling.

RNC
Iub Interface ATM

10 10 10 0

Uu Interface WCDMA
10 10 10 10 00 1

Cellular Transmission management

Managing ATM switching and multiplexing over the Iub interface. Control of AAL2/AAL5 connections. Control of the physical transmission interfaces E1, PDH, SDH or microwave.

Air Interface management. Controlling

Uplink and Downlink radio paths on the Uu Air Interface. Baseband to RF conversion. Antenna multi-coupling.

Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS Supreme Indoor

WAFA= Antenna Filter Unit (3pcs) WPAJ= Linear Power Amplifier (3pcs) WTRB = WCDMA Transmitter and Receiver (3pcs) WPSE = Power Supply DC Unit (3pcs) WAMA = Application Manager Unit (3-6 pcs) WSPC = Signal Processing Unit (1-18pcs) WSMB = Summing & Multiplexing Unit (3pcs) WICA= Input Combiner (3pcs) WSCA = System Clock (1 pcs)

AXUx = ATMc cross conn. unit (1pcs) IFUx = Transm. interface (1-5 pcs)

WINB cabinet WIFB = Input filter DC (one per cabinet) WSPC= Signal Processing Unit WPSE = Power Supply DC Unit WAMA = Application Magnager Unit WSMB = Summing & Multiplexing Unit

3G COVERAGE 3G COVERAGE
CELL RANGE
Central Business Districts
NODE B

RAB Voice Call Video Call 64Kbps Data

0

CBD 410 m 360 m 360 m 310 m 220 m

Dense Urban 650 m 580 m 580 m 490 m 360 m

Urban 1050 m 930 m 930 m 800 m 580 m

128Kbps Data 384Kbps Data

PS-384Kbps Data = 220m PS-128Kbps Data = 310m Video Call & PS-64Kbps Data = 360m Voice Call = 410m

3G COVERAGE 3G COVERAGE
CELL BREATHING
Sample of Cell Loading vs. Cell Range Graph Using Voice Call Traffic

100%

Cell Loading

Interference Margin (dB)

24.00 21.00 18.00 15.00 12.00 9.00 6.00 3.00 -

90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 0.14 0.23 0.27 0.30 0.33 0.35 0.36 0.38 0.39 0.40

Loading

Interference Margin

0.42

0.43

0.44

0.45

0.46

0.47

0.47

0.48

0.49
510m

meters

NODE B

75%

50%

0%

340m

420m

0.50

3G SITE CAPACITY 3G SITE CAPACITY

NODE B CAPACITY
Nokia Processing Card = WSPC 1 WSPC = 64 Channel Elements Required CE for Control Channels = 16 CE

BASIC 3G CAPACITY
CE = Channel Element
RAB Voice Call Video Call 64Kbps Data 128Kbps Data 384Kbps Data Throughput 12.2 Kbps (CS) 64 Kbps (CS) 64 Kbps (PS) 128 Kbps (PS) 384 Kbps (PS) Required CE
(Nokia Equipm ent)

1 4 4 4 16

3G SITE CAPACITY 3G SITE CAPACITY

SIMULTANEOUS CAPACITY
No. of Carriers Approx. No. of WSPC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Channel Elements
(Incremental)

Channel Elements
(Cum mulative)

Simultaneous Voice Call

Simultaneous Video Call / 64kbps Data / 128kbps Data

Sim ultaneous 384kbps Data

48 64 64 48 64 64 48 64 64

48 112 176 224 288 352 400 464 528

48 112 176 224 288 352 400 464 528

12 28 44 56 72 88 100 116 132

3 7 11 14 18 22 25 29 33

Simultaneous Calls possible with No Soft Handover Default Config for a new Node B is (1) WSPC

SOFT HANDOVER SOFT HANDOVER

During a 3G Call Same Carrier = Soft Handover
CORE

RNC

NODE B

NODE B

NODE B

CARRIER 1

CARRIER 1

CARRIER 2

SOFT HANDOVER SOFT HANDOVER

During a 3G Call Same Carrier = Soft Handover
CORE

RNC

NODE B

NODE B

NODE B

CARRIER 1

CARRIER 1

CARRIER 2

SOFT HANDOVER SOFT HANDOVER

During a 3G Call Same Carrier = Soft Handover
CORE

RNC

NODE B

NODE B

NODE B

CARRIER 1

CARRIER 1

CARRIER 2

SOFT HANDOVER SOFT HANDOVER

During a 3G Call Same Carrier = Soft Handover Different Carrier = Hard Handover
CORE

RNC

NODE B

NODE B

NODE B

CARRIER 1

CARRIER 1

CARRIER 2

SOFT HANDOVER SOFT HANDOVER

During a 3G Call Same Carrier = Soft Handover Different Carrier = Hard Handover
CORE

RNC

NODE B

NODE B

NODE B

CARRIER 1

CARRIER 1

CARRIER 2

SOFT HANDOVER SOFT HANDOVER

During a 3G Call Same Carrier = Soft Handover Different Carrier = Hard Handover
CORE

RNC

NODE B

NODE B

NODE B

CARRIER 1

CARRIER 1

CARRIER 2

INTER SYSTEM HANDOVER INTER SYSTEM HANDOVER

3G TO 2G COVERAGE
During a Call Voice Call = Handover to 2G Video Call = No Handover PS-Data = Cell Reselection to 2G
2G

3G 2G

2G TO 3G COVERAGE
During a Call Voice Call = Handover to 3G PS-Data = Cell Reselection to 2G
3G 2G 2G

RELEASE 5 (HSDPA) RELEASE 5 (HSDPA)

WHAT IS HSDPA? High Speed Downlink Packet Access HSDPA is an improvement on Release99 3G, through the use of new modulation and coding scheme, efficient packet scheduling and fast retransmission technique It is designed to deliver high speed data services of up to 10Mbps

RELEASE 5 (HSDPA) RELEASE 5 (HSDPA)

Higher data performance

Downlink data rate: 1.8 10 Mbps Low latency: 50 ms

Higher network efficiency

Higher spectral efficiency Higher Iub efficiency than R99 Higher Baseband efficiency

HSDPA HSDPA

New New adaptive modulation adaptive modulation and coding and coding

Efficient Efficient scheduling scheduling in BTS in BTS

Fast Fast retransmission retransmission in BTS in BTS

New Efficient

Fast

Customer Confidential

Retransmission Handling Retransmission Handling

Rel99 DCH Nokia RAN 1.5.2 RNC
Packet RLC ACK/NACK Retransmission Downlink Control moved to BTS

Rel5 HS-DSCH Nokia RAN05 RNC Packet

BTS

Dataflow

BTS
L1 ACK/NACK Retransmission

Terminal
Customer Confidential Customer Confidential

Terminal

HSDPA GENERAL PRINCIPLE HSDPA GENERAL PRINCIPLE

Channel quality (CQI, Ack/Nack, TPC) Data
16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2

Instantaneous EsNo [dB]

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

16QAM3/4 16QAM2/4 QPSK3/4 QPSK2/4

Time [number of TTIs]

UE1
Channel quality (CQI, Ack/Nack, TPC) Data

QPSK1/4

New base station functions New base station functions HARQ retransmissions HARQ retransmissions Modulation/coding selection Modulation/coding selection Packet data scheduling (short TTI) Packet data scheduling (short TTI)

UE2
Users may be time and/or code multiplexed Fast scheduling is done directly in Node-B based on feedback information from UE and knowledge of current traffic state.

ADAPTIVE MODULATION AND CODING ADAPTIVE MODULATION AND CODING

16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2

Inst ant aneous EsNo [dB]

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

16QAM3/4 16QAM2/4 QPSK3/4 QPSK2/4 QPSK1/4

Time [number of TTIs]

HSDPA PEAK DATA RATES HSDPA PEAK DATA RATES

Modulation

SF 16

Code rate 1/4 2/4 3/4 1/4 2/4 3/4

Throughput (5 codes) 600 kbps 1.2 Mbps 1.8 Mbps 1.2 Mbps 2.4 Mbps 3.6 Mbps

Throughput (10 codes) 1.2 Mbps 2.4 Mbps 3.6 Mbps 2.4 Mbps 4.8 Mbps 7.2 Mbps

Throughput (15 codes) 1.8 Mbps 3.6 Mbps 5.3 Mbps 3.6 Mbps 7.2 Mbps 10.7 Mbps

QPSK

16 16 16

16QAM

16 16

HSDPA DATA PERFORMANCE HSDPA DATA PERFORMANCE

Single User Bit Rate in Macro Cell

4000 3500 3000 2500

kbps

3.6 Mbps close to cell center Median data rate 770 kbps (at 0.7x distance)

2000 1500 1000 500 0 0

Release 99 DCH

HS DP A

Approx 300 kbps at the cell edge

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

Distance from BTS [relative to cell radius, 1=cell edge]

Customer Confidential Customer Confidential

HIGHER DATA PERFORMANCE HIGHER DATA PERFORMANCE

Release 99 200 ms
200 180 160 140 120 ms 100 80 60 40 20 0 Today HSDPA HSDPA+HSUPA

Round trip time of 32-Byte packet

HSDPA <100 ms HSUPA 50 ms

Internet Iu + core RNC Iub Node B AI UE

Customer Confidential Customer Confidential

HIGHER NETWORK EFFICIENCY HIGHER NETWORK EFFICIENCY

HSDPA Cell Throughput
WCDMA Release 99 dedicated channel HSDPA with round robin scheduler HSDPA with proportional fair scheduler HSDPA terminals with rx diversity and equalizer Advanced mobiles give substancial gains

6000 5000 kbps 4000 3000 2000 1000 0

Advanced scheduling improves throughput

Macro cell
Customer Confidential Customer Confidential

Small cell

CO-EXISTENCE OF REL99 AND HSDPA CO-EXISTENCE OF REL99 AND HSDPA

= R5 HSDPA = R99 DCH

Nokia HSDPA can be introduced to the network with shared or with dedicated frequency Flexible introduction

f1 f1

Carrier shared between HSDPA and R99 Operator definable or dynamic resource sharing between HSDPA and R99

f2 f2 f1 f1

Dedicated HSDPA carrier HSDPA UE directed to HSDPA carrier based on 3GPP Release or UE capability and QoS request

Customer Confidential Customer Confidential

Common Channel Allocation in Nokia WSPC Common Channel Allocation in Nokia WSPC
WSPC handles common channels for 3 carriers and user data according to baseband processing capacity tables Soft Handover overhead not included

1. WSPC

2. WSPC

Nth WSPC

Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1

Common channels Common chs E.g. 48 AMR calls E.g. 64 AMR calls E.g 64 AMR calls

Traffic channels

Common channel allocation & HSDPA Common channel allocation & HSDPA
(5 codes, 16QAM) Single WSPC can handle common channels for 3 carriers and HSDPA HSDPA block is reserved by RRM Remaining capacity for traffic 16 CE (i.e. 16 AMR calls) Soft Handover overhead not included
1. WSPC

Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1

Common channels Common chs

HSDPA BLOCK (5codes) Reserved by RRM capacity 16 CE

Traffic channels

Common channel allocation & HSDPA Common channel allocation & HSDPA
WSPC can handle common channels for 3 carriers and user data according to baseband processing capacity tables HSDPA block is able to handle up to 3 cells (time multiplexed) and is allocated to 1WSPC card Soft Handover overhead not included

1. WSPC

2. WSPC
HSDPA BLOCK (5codes) Reserved by RRM

Nth WSPC

Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1

Common channels Common chs remaining capacity 48 CE

remaining capacity 32 CE

capacity 64 CE

Traffic channels

Common channel allocation & HSDPA Common channel allocation & HSDPA
(10 codes)
WSPC can handle common channels for 3 carriers and user data according to baseband processing capacity tables HSDPA block is reserved by RRM Dedicated HSDPA Block per cell or timemultiplexing Soft Handover overhead not included
1. WSPC 2. WSPC 3. WSPC Nth WSPC

Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1

Common channels Common chs

HSDPA BLOCK (10 codes) Reserved by RRM

capacity 48 CE

capacity 64 CE

capacity 64 CE

Traffic channels

Common channel allocation & HSDPA Common channel allocation & HSDPA
WSPC handles common channels for 3 carriers and user data according to baseband processing capacity tables HSDPA blocks are allocated to 3 WSPC cards, dedicated HSDPA block per cell Soft Handover overhead not included
1. WSPC

Carrier 11 Carrier Carrier 11 Carrier Carrier 11 Carrier

Common channels Common chs remaining capacity 48CE

i.e. 48 AMR calls

2. WSPC HSDPA BLOCK (5codes) Reserved by RRM

3. WSPC HSDPA BLOCK (5codes) Reserved by RRM

4. WSPC HSDPA BLOCK (5codes) Reserved by RRM

remaining capacity 32 CE

remaining capacity 32 CE

remaining capacity 32 CE

Traffic channels

Nth WSPC

capacity 64 CE

capacity 64 CE

capacity 64 CE

Common channel allocation & HSDPA Common channel allocation & HSDPA
WSPC handles common channels for 3 carriers and user data according to baseband processing capacity tables HSDPA blocks are allocated to 3 WSPC cards, dedicated HSDPA block per cell Soft Handover overhead not included

Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1 Carrier 1

Common channels Common chs remaining capacity 48 CE

1. WSPC

2. WSPC

3. WSPC

4. WSPC

HSDPA BLOCK (10 codes) Reserved by RRM

HSDPA BLOCK (10 codes) Reserved by RRM

HSDPA BLOCK (10 codes) Reserved by RRM

Traffic channels

Nth WSPC

*10 codes

capacity 64 CE

capacity 64 CE

capacity 64 CE

3G / HSDPA ROLLOUT 3G / HSDPA ROLLOUT

3G Rollout
Total of 1030 sites for Phase 1 Completed sites = 998 Priority on Metro Manila area and key provincial areas

HSDPA Rollout
Currently HSDPA activated sites = 110 Priority on CBDs, Malls, Hotels and corporate accounts

Unit Costs
Node B = $30,000 (PHP 1.5M) RNC Upgrade = $200,000 (PHP 10M) HSDPA Upgrade = $7,000 (PHP 350K)

THANK YOU!