Visual Basic 6

Foundation of Computer Programming Visual Basic 6.
0 Programming
Instructor: Mr. Nguyen Cao Tri

caotri@dit.hcmut.edu.vn http://www.dit.hcmut.edu.vn/~caotri
Documents: Course syllabus, lectures slide, samples can be found at

http://www.dit.hcmut.edu.vn/~caotri/VB6
Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology - Department of Information Technology
Course Information
Course objectives:
Understand basic theories on Computer software programming Understand Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 syntax and its major features Design and develop GUI Windows applications Develop critical thinking of software programming Visual Basic 6.0 how to program ,Deitel & Deitel Cyber classroom CD :Visual Basic 6.0 how to program Internet Web site access
2
Text book/reading material:

Department of Information Technology

Nguyn Cao Tr caotri@dit.hcmut.edu.vn
Introduction
Computing concepts Programming concepts Flowchart
Computing Concepts
Computer
CPU Storage System
Processor I/O devices I/O Devices Storage system: Primary & Secondary
Operating system User interface: command line , GUI Programming concepts:

Whats Program Programming languages: machine code, high level languages Developing environmental Algorithms
4

Programming languages & IDE
Programming languages

GO TO Programming : basic, assembly Structured Programming: Pascal, C,.. Object Programming: Java, C++ Visual approach for GUI programming. Interpreter Compiler Project manager, Code editor, debug, compiler
Compiler

Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

Object Oriented Programming (OOP)

Whats Object? Object properties Object method Whats Class? Message/Even Object vs. Structure How can an OOP program works? Object and Visual Basic
Object Name (ID) Properties
Methods
Object 1
Messages Object 1
Object 1

Algorithms & Flowchart

Whats algorithms How to present an algorithms?

Natural language, Programming languages Others?
Flowchart
Characteristic: picture base, chart base Capability Advantage:
Simple Easy to understand Powerful Better view and control of Flowchart

Flowchart components
Start
Process Flow Input / Output data Start or Begin of algorithms. One START point only.
Process description / data calculation

No Condition Yes
Process Direction Control
Other Process direction Control

Value 1
Evaluation Item
Value i Others
Stop
Stop or End of algorithms. One/Multi STOP point.

Flowchart Example
Start Read a, b a=0 ?
No Yes
Algorithms ax + b=0 equation solving.
b=0 ?
No
Yes
X=-b/a
No Solution
Any number is solution
Stop

Control Structures in programming languages

If <condition> then Statement; If <condition> then Statement 1 else Statement 2; Case <Value> of value 1 : Statement 1; .. value n : Statement n; else : Statement 0 end; While <condition> do Statement; Repeat Statement until <condition>; For counter=start value to end value do Statement; For counter=start value downto end value do Statement;

10
Other terms in computer programming

Data & Data type Basic data type

integer, long, character, byte, . Real (double, float) Others: string
Structured data type: array, string, record,.. Variable, Constant Reserve words, keywords Error : Syntax error, Semantic error, Run time error Debug : trace, break point, test case Packet & installation tools
11

Whats Visual Basic (VB)

Microsoft Windows Programming language Microsoft IDE for Visual studio developer Visual Basic versions

Version history Standard , Professional & Enterprise Windows GUI applications Database applications Computer Graphic applications Internet / WEB applications
12
What can programmers do with VB?


Visual Basic programming steps
User interface design.

Forms design Objects/Components properties define Resource edit : icon, button image,..
Code Writing form even base concept. Compile/Build program Debug source code Packet application Deploy application. Maintenance
13

Microsoft Visual Studio IDE

Integrated Development Environment Project Tools Box Form layout Properties Menu Bar and Tool Bar Simple Program develop
IDE Overview
Menu Bar
Tool Bar
Project Window
Properties Window
15
Project Windows Standard EXE application

Title Bar
Project View
Tool Box Properties Form

16
Other IDE Components
Tool Box
Content all objects/components for FORM design. Control all properties of Form/Objects/Components
Properties Windows
Display, font, format, enable,
Project Windows

Project folder view Form view Code view

17
Simple Welcome Program
Program description

The program will show/hide the text Welcome to Visual Basic 6.0 when button Show/Hide is clicked The exit button used to exit the program. It is available after first click of Show button only.
Design form with Label object name Label1 and caption Welcome to Visual Basic 6.0 Set it visible properties to false. Add button cmdShowHide & Button cmdExit to form. Click on each button for writing code to it base on Click even Click Play button on IDE to run program.
How to do that with Visual Basic 6.0

See sample below

18

Simple application FORM design

form1 Label1
Visible = false Caption = welcome to Visual Basic 6.0
Enable = false
cmdExit
cmdShowHide
Caption =&Show
19
Simple application Code write

20
Simple Application Run Time
First run: Only Show button available
Click Show button: Exit enable, show Text, Show -> Hide
Click Hide button: Hide Text

Click Exit button: Exit Program

21
Review & Home Work

Review from page 25 -> 47 Drawing the Flowchart for Solving the equation
ax2 +bx + c =0
Redo the simple program Using Visual Basic 6.0 IDE to build the form design from page 48->49 Submit to instructor by email. Pre-View chapters 3 and 4 for next lecture.

22
Introduction to Visual Basic programming

Get familiar with Visual Basic Programming Get familiar with fundamental data types Using arithmetic operators Writing simple program in Visual Basic
Visual Programming & Even Programming
Visual tool of Visual basic for user interface design (GUI) Tool Box components

From Components Component evens Even procedure Button (CmdButton) Frame, Selected box, List box
Some basic components:

Label Text box .

24
Visual Basic Tools Box

Icon ActiveX Control
Not a control; enables the mouse pointer Horizontal scrollbar DriveListBox
Label
TextBox CommandButton Timer PictureBox Frame CheckBox OptionButton ComboBox ListBox Vertical scrollbar
DirListBox
FileListBox Shape Line Data OLE Animation UpDown MonthView DateTimePicker FlatScrollBar
25
Even drive programming

Whats Even? Component evens Even Procedure
The sub procedure will be done when an even happened to component Each component has its own evens.

26
Writing first program with Visual Basic
Print Line of Text on form

Button Exit : exit program on click Button print: On click, print a line of text Hello, Welcome to Visual Basic on form.
CODE Private Sub Command1_Click() Print " Hello! Welcome to Visual Basic" End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() End End Sub

27
Other Application
Accumulate ADD
Dim sum As Integer Private Sub cmdClear_Click() sum = 0 txtInput.Text = " " txtAdd.Text = 0 End Sub Private Sub cmdExit_Click() End End Sub Private Sub cmdAdd_Click() sum = sum + txtInput.Text txtAdd.text = sum txtInput.Text = "" End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() cmdClear_Click() End Sub
Program allow user to enter an integer number and click add button. The numbers will be accumulate and display on form.

28
Syntax and statement

Data type Variable declaration

DIM variablename As datatype Ex: Dim Sum As Integer Dim Total As Integer
Keywords and reserved words Statement

Statement end with end of line
Assign statement Variable = Assigned value

29

Arithmetic
Visual Basic Operation Arithmetic operator Algebraic expression Visual basic expression
Addition Subtraction Multiplication Division (float) Division (Integer) Exponentiation Negation Modulus
+ * / \ ^ Mod
x+y xy ab v/u None Pq -e Q mod R
x+y xy a*b v/u v\u p^q -e Q mod R

30
Operators Precedence
Operator () Operation Parentheses
Order of evaluation Evaluated first. If the parentheses are nested, the expression in the innermost pair is evaluated first. If there are several pairs at he same level nested, they are evaluated left to right. Evaluated second. If there are several, they are evaluated left to right Evaluation first. If there are several, they are evaluated left to right. Evaluation fourth. If there are several, they are evaluated left to right.
Evaluation
^ * and /
Exponentiation Negation Multiplication and floating point division Integer Division Modulus Addition and Subtraction
\ Mod + or -
Firths. If there are several, they are evaluated left to right Evaluation Firths. If there are several, they are evaluated left to right Evaluation Firths. If there are several, they are evaluated left to right

31
Comparison Operators
Standard Algebraic equality operator (relational operator) Visual Basic comparison operator Example of Visual Basic condition Meaning of Visual Basic condition
= > <
= <> > < <= >=
d=g S <> R y>i P <M C <= E M >=s
D is equal to g S is not equal to R Y is greater than i P is less than M C is greater than or equal to E M is less than or equal to S

32
Example of comparison operator
Write a windows program which allow user input 2 numbers A and B and then compare and show the result.
Private Sub cmdClear_Click() txtInput1.Text = "" txtInput2.Text = " Label3.Caption = Result End Sub Private Sub cmdCompare_Click() Dim input1, input2 As Integer input1 = txtInput1.Text input2 = txtInput2.Text If input1 = input2 Then Label3.Caption = "First number equal second number" Else If input1 < input2 Then Label3.Caption = "First number less than second number" Else Label3.Caption = "First number greater than second number" End If End If End Sub
Private Sub cmdExit_Click() End End Sub

33
Visual Basic Control structures

Understanding
control structures of VB Flowchart and control structures Using control structure by samples
If/Then structure
Syntax
Example
if <condition> then statements end if
If cmdShowHide.Caption = &Show then cmdShowHide.Caption = &Hide Label1.Visible = true end if
Condition
Yes
Statements

35
If/Then/Else structure
Syntax
Example
if <condition> then statements else statements end if

Condition
Yes No
If cmdShowHide.Caption = &Show then cmdShowHide.Caption = &Hide Label1.Visible = true else cmdShowHide.Caption = &Show Label1.Visible = false end if
Statements
Statements

36
While/Wend structure
Syntax While <condition> statements Wend

Example
Dim product As integer product = 1 While product <= 1000 product = product * 2 print product Wend Whats on form 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024
Condition
No
Yes
Statements
Beware of infinite loop

37
Do while/Loop structure
Syntax Do while <condition> statements Loop
Example
Dim product As integer product = 1 Do while product <= 1000 product = product * 2 print product Loop
While/Wend ||
Do while/Loop
Whats on form
4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024

38
Do until/Loop structure
Syntax Do until <condition> statements Loop

Example
Dim product As integer product = 1 Do until product >1000 product = product * 2 print product Loop Whats on form 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024
Condition
No Yes
Statements
Beware of infinite loop

39
For/Next structure
Syntax
For counter=startValue To endValue Step Stepsize statements Next counter
Example
Counter = StartValue
Counter = Counter + Stepsize statements
For j = 2 to 80 step 5 a= a+2 Next j
** Stepsize = 1 is default value
Counter > endValue

Yes No

40
Sample of For/Next
For years = 1 To 10 Step 1 amount = principal * (1 + interestRate) ^ years lstDisplay.AddItem Format$(years, "@@@@") & vbTab & Format$(Format$(amount, "Currency"), _String$(17, "@")) Next years

41
Select Case structure
Syntax
Select Case mAccessCode Case Is < 1000 message = "Access Denied" Beep Case 1645 To 1689 message = "Technician Personnel" Case 8345 message = "Custodial Services" Case 55875 message = "Special Services" Case 999898, 1000006 To 1000008 message = "Scientific Personnel" Case Else message = "Access Denied" End Select
42
Do/loop while structure
Syntax
counter = 1 Do Print counter & Space$(2); counter = counter + 1 Loop While counter <= 10
Result
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

43
Do/Loop Until structure
Syntax
Statements
Do Loop While Condition
No Yes
counter = 1 Do Print counter & Space$(2); counter = counter + 1 Loop Until counter >= 10
Result
Do
Loop Until
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Statements
Condition
Yes
No

44
Exit Do / Exit For

counter = 1 Do Print counter & Space$(2); counter = counter + 1 if n = 5 then Exit Do Loop Until counter >= 10
For x=1 to 10 if x=5 then exit for end if print x next x
Result: 12345
Result: 12345
Why do exit do and exit be used.

45
Variable & Constant Logical operators

Dim VariableName As DataType Const ConstantName = value As DataType Logical operators

NOT AND OR
Where s Logical operators used

46
Visual Basic Data type

Data type Boolean Bytes 2 Range True or False
Byte
Currency Date Double Integer Long
1
8 8 8 2 4
0 to 255
-922337203685477.5808 to 922337203685477.5807 1 Jan 100 to 31 Dec 9999 / 0:00:00 to 23:59:59 (see chapter 8) -1.79769313486232E308 to -4.94065645841247E-324 (Negative) 1.79769313486232E308 to 4.94065645841247E-324 (Positive) -32767 to 32768 -2147483648 to 2147483648
Object
Single String Variant
4
4 10+ 16
Any Object type (See Chapter 16)

-3.402823E38 to -1.401298E-45 3.402823E38 to 1.401298E-45 0 to ~2000000000 characters. Any value within the ranges listed above. (See chapter 21)

47
LAB Works

All Samples from text book Exercises at end of chapters Assignment Calculator application Your own applications (option)

48
SUB & Function procedure

Procedure in VB Sub/Function Recursive
Module programming

Whats module? Why do we need to write program in module? Modules in Visual Basic

Even procedure Visual basic procedure SUB procedure Function procedure Visual basic procedures Sub/function procedures
50
What should be used ?


SUB procedure
Create new procedure:

In code windows, select menu Tools-> Add Procedure
Public Sub MyProcedure() Your process codes here End Sub

51
SUB procedure sample

Public Sub MyProcedure2(textstr As String) Print textstr End Sub Public Sub MyProcedure() Print "welcome to my procedure" End Sub
Private Sub Command1_Click() MyProcedure End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() MyProcedure2 "Hello, this is procedure 2 Call MyProcedure2 (Hello from call method) End Sub

52
Function Procedure
Function procedure return a value after called
The process of create a function procedure as the same as SUB procedure.
Sample structure of function Public Function MyFunction(X As Integer) As Integer MyFunction = X ^ 3 End Function Call a function
Private Sub Command3_Click() Dim output As Integer output = MyFunction(3) Print "Return value of MyFunction" Print output End Sub

53
Call By Value & Call by reference

Whats call by Value? Whats call by Reference? Call by Value vs. Call by Reference How to write a procedure as call by value / reference?
Private Sub Procedurename ( A as integer , byval b as integer)

54
Sample of Call by value and Call by Reference

Private Sub Command1_Click() Dim a As Integer a = 30 Print "Value of a before call callbyVal " & a callbyVal a Print "Value of a after call callbyVal " & a Print End Sub Private Sub Command2_Click() Dim a As Integer a = 30 Print "Value of a before call callbyRef " & a callbyref a Print "Value of a after call callbyRef " & a Print End Sub Private Sub Command3_Click() Dim a, b As Integer a = 30 b = 20 Print "Value of a,b before ByvalandByref called " & a & " " & b Print "call ByValandByref and tranfer A as byVal and b as Byref" ByValandByRef a, b Print "Value of a,b after ByvalandByref called " & a & " " & b Print End Sub
Private Sub callbyVal(ByVal x As Integer) x=x^2 Print "Value of x (has been tranfer as a) within procedure " & x End Sub Private Sub callbyref(x As Integer) x=x^2 Print "Value of x (has been tranfer as a) within procedure " & x End Sub Public Sub ByValandByRef(ByVal x As Integer, y As Integer) x=x^2 y=y^2 Print "Value of x ,y (know as a,b) within sub " & x &" "&y End Sub Private Sub Command4_Click() End End Sub
55
Sample of Call by value and Call by Reference

56
Exit Sub and Exit Function

Why do we need exit sub and exit Function? Statement

Exit SUB Exit Function
Generate random number

Using Rnd function . Rnd return a random number between 0 and 1 (but not 1)
Scope of variable and const in Sub and Function

Local scope (Private scope) Module scope Public scope
Overdrive declaration
57

Recursion vs. Iteration
What s recursion?

Recursion part Stop recursion condition Recursion : Iteration : n! = n * (n-1)! 0! =1 n! = 1*2*3*..*n
Sample of recursion: n factorial defined
Benefit of Recursion The weakness of recursion in programming Hanoi tower solution

58

Optional arguments
Private Sub FooBar ( y as Boolean, Optional z as long) Calling

Call FooBar Call FooBar (True) Call FooBar (True ,10)
Default Value of Optional arguments Number : 0 Boolean : False Setting default value for Optional argument Private Sub FooBar ( y as boolean, Optional z as long = 8)

59
Named Arguments
Public Sub Display (flag As Boolean, number As Long, name As String) Print Print flag Print number Print name Print End Sub
Private Sub Command1_Click() Print "call as normal arguments" Call Display (True, 32000, "String value") Print "call as named arguments" Call Display (name:="String Value", flag:=True, number:=3200) End Sub
60
Code modules

Whats code modules Create code module

61
Review

Visual programming & Even base programming Control Structure of Visual basic Data type in VB 6.0 Other operators SUB Procedure & Function procedure Recursion LAB

62
Array structure
Introduce Array structure Understand using array structure; sort, search,.. Multi dimensions Dynamic array
Array in Visual Basic

Whats an array structure? What are they used for? 12 24 32 1 87 16 34 5
Declaring an array in Visual Basic Dim ArrayVariable (Index) As Datatype Index= number of Items -1 ( starting index 0) Dim ArrayVariable (Lbound to Ubound) As Datatype
Lbound =0 Ubound = Number of Items -1 Dim myarray(9) As Integer Dim Mysecondarray (1 to 10) As Integer
Default Example :
Access to Item of array :
Arrayname(index)
64

Using array - sample

Dim MyArray(9) As Integer Private Sub txtStep_Change() Dim Step As Integer Dim x As Integer Step = txtStep x=1 For x = LBound(MyArray) To UBound(MyArray) MyArray(x) = x * Step Next x End Sub Private Sub cmdPrint_Click() Step = txtinput Print "Index Item Value" x=1 For x = LBound(MyArray) To UBound(MyArray) Print " " & x & " " & MyArray(x) Next x End Sub

65
Array index and Option Base

Lbound of array is default set to 0. Changing this default lbound by:
Oversize array by number of item +1 and ignore item(0) Changing base default set by using Option base in general declaration Option Base 1 Option Base is accept 0 or 1 only Using specification declaration of array Dim MyArray(1 to 10) As Integer Dim OtherArray( -10 to 20) As integer
66

Using array - sample

Option Base 1 Dim MyArray(10) As Integer Private Sub txtStep_Change() Dim Step As Integer Dim x As Integer Step = txtStep x=1 For x = LBound(MyArray) To UBound(MyArray) MyArray(x) = x * Step Next x End Sub Private Sub cmdPrint_Click() Step = txtinput Print "Index Item Value" x=1 For x = LBound(MyArray) To UBound(MyArray) Print " " & x & " " & MyArray(x) Next x End Sub
67
Passing Array to Procedure
Passing array as an argument of an procedure by array name with empty parentheses

Dim Myarray(20) As Integer Private Sub ModifyArray ( a() As Integer) Call ModifyArray ( Myarray() )
Passing one Item of array to procedure

Private Sub PassOneItem ( n As Integer) Call PassOneItem (Myarray(10))
Using array Items : Array Items can be using as single variable of the same datatype
Myarray(5) = x + 3 Myarray(7) = MyArray(3)+ 5*Myarray(7)
By default array is passing by reference. Using Byval option if need

68
Passing array sample

Dim mArray(-5 To 5) As Integer Private Sub cmdArray_Click() Dim x As Integer Call Initialize Call ModifyArray(mArray()) Call PrintModified End Sub Private Sub cmdElement_Click() Dim x As Integer Call Initialize For x = LBound(mArray) To UBound(mArray) Call ModifyElement(mArray(x)) Next x Call PrintModified End Sub Private Sub cmdExit_Click() End End Sub Private Sub ModifyArray(a() As Integer) Dim x As Integer For x = LBound(a) To UBound(a) a(x) = a(x) * 2 Next x End Sub Private Sub ModifyElement(element As Integer) element= element * 5 End Sub Private Sub Initialize() Dim x As Integer lstOriginal.Clear lstModified.Clear For x = LBound(mArray) To UBound(mArray) mArray(x) = x lstOriginal.AddItem mArray(x) Next x End Sub Private Sub PrintModified() Dim x As Integer For x = LBound(mArray) To UBound(mArray) lstModified.AddItem mArray(x) Next x End Sub
69

Passing array sample
Passing full array

Passing Item by item
70
Sorting array

What is sorted array ? Basic activities on Array

Search: Linear search , binary search Sort : bubble sort , Quick Sort
Why do we have to sort an array? Bubble Sort (Example incremental sort)

1. 2. 3. 4.
Finding the biggest item, put it at end of array Assume that array have one item less Repeat step 1 until the assumed array has only 1 items Array has been sorted
71

Bubble Sort in Visual basic

72
Bubble Sort Code View

Option Base 1 Dim mArray(10) As Integer Private Sub cmdGenerate_Click() Dim x As Integer Call lstOriginal.Clear Erase mArray For x = LBound(mArray) To UBound(mArray) mArray(x) = 1 + Int(100 * Rnd()) Call lstOriginal.AddItem(mArray(x)) Next x Call lstSorted.Clear ' Clear ListBox cmdSort.Enabled = True cmdSort2.Enabled = True End Sub Private Sub cmdSort_Click() Dim x As Integer Call lstSorted.Clear ' Clear ListBox Call BubbleSort(mArray) ' Sort the array For x = 1 To UBound(mArray) Call lstSorted.AddItem(mArray(x)) Next x cmdSort.Enabled = False End Sub
' Module modBubble.bas Option Explicit Public Sub BubbleSort(theArray() As Integer) Dim pass As Integer, compare As Integer Dim hold As Integer For pass = 1 To (UBound(theArray) - 1) For compare = 1 To (UBound(theArray) - 1) If theArray(compare) > theArray(compare + 1) Then hold = theArray(compare) theArray(compare) = theArray(compare + 1) theArray(compare + 1) = hold End If Next compare Next pass End Sub
73
Linear Search

74
Linear Search Code View

Private Sub cmdSearch_Click() Dim searchKey As Integer ' Value to search for Dim element As Integer ' Index of Value lblResult.Caption = "" searchKey = txtKey.Text element = LinearSearch(mArray(), searchKey) If element <> -1 Then lblResult.Caption = "Value was found at index: " & element Else lblResult.Caption = "Value was not found. End If End Sub Private Sub lstData_Click() Dim x As Integer Call Randomize Call lstData.Clear lblResult.Caption = "" For x = LBound(mArray) To UBound(mArray) mArray(x) = 1 + Int(10000 * Rnd()) Call lstData.AddItem(mArray(x)) Next x End Sub
Function LinearSearch(a() As Integer, key As Integer) As Integer Dim x As Integer For x = LBound(a) To UBound(a) If a(x) = key Then LinearSearch = x ' Return index Exit Function End If Next x LinearSearch = -1 found End Function ' Value not
75
Binary Search
Binary search algorithms

Array need to be sorted in advance Binary Search (incremental array)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Set startindex= lbound (myarray) Set endindex = ubound (myarray) Get miditem = (startindex + endindex ) /2 If searchkey = myarray(miditem) then FOUND Elseif searchkey >myarray(miditem) then startitem = miditem +1 and goto step 3 else enditem = miditem -1 and goto step 3 If startitem>=enditem then NOT FOUND
Binary search vs. Linear Search

76
Binary Search code view

Private Sub BinarySearch() Dim middle As Integer Dim low As Integer, high As Integer Dim searchKey As Integer low = mLowBound high = mUpperBound Call PrintHeader searchKey = txtKey.Text
Do While (low <= high) middle = (low + high) \ 2 Call PrintRow(low, middle, high) if (searchKey = mArray(middle)) Then Print "Found " & searchKey & " in " _ & "index " & middle Exit Sub ElseIf searchKey < mArray(middle) Then high = middle - 1 Else low = middle + 1 End If Loop Print searchKey & " not found." End Sub

77
Binary Search sample

78
Multidimensional array
Multidimensional array Col 1 Row 1 Row 2

Item(1,1) Item(2,1)
Col 2
Item(1,2) Item(2,2)
Col 2
Item(1,3) Item(2,3)
Row 3
Item(3,1)
Item(3,2)
Item(3,3)
Declare Multidimensional array
Dim myarray (firstDimenIndex , SecondDimenIndex,.) As Datatype
Dim arrayA ( 8 , 12 to 15, 1 to 10) As Integer Dim arrayB ( 8,8,9,10,3) as integer
Access to item : arrayname(index1,index2,)

arrayA( 5, 10, 8) arrayB(3,2,7,0,0)
79

Multidimensional Array - Sample

Option Base 1 Dim mArray(2, 3) As Integer Private Sub Form_Load() Dim x As Integer, y As Integer Call Randomize For x = LBound(mArray) To UBound(mArray) For y = LBound(mArray, 2) To UBound(mArray, 2) mArray(x, y) = 10 + Int(89 * Rnd()) Call lstValues.AddItem(mArray(x, y)) Next y Next x End Sub

80
Control Array

Whats control array? Creating a control array:

1. 2.
Select a control -> copy, past it to the same form as many control as you need, they will be a control array Using the same name for controls
All controls in a control array have the same name and therefore only need to write one even procedure for all control within a control array. Control array has lbound=0 and ubound (32767 max) Control array count value : number of items in control array.
Controlname.count Controlname.lbound Controlname.ubound
Access to items properties :

controlname.Item(index).propertyname

81
Control array sample

Private Sub cmdEnter_Click() Dim message As String mAccessCode = txtDisplay.Text txtDisplay.Text = "" Select Case mAccessCode Case Is < 1000 ' Panic codes message = "Access Denied" Case 1645 To 1689 message = "Technician Personnel" Case 8345 message = "Custodial Services" Case 55875 message = "Special Services" Case 999898, 1000006 To 1000008 message = "Scientific Personnel" Case Else message = "Access Denied" End Select Call lstLogEntry.AddItem(Now & Space$(3) & message) End Sub
Private Sub cmdButton_Click(Index As Integer) txtDisplay.Text = txtDisplay.Text & Index End Sub
82
Dynamic array
Dynamic array is array with dynamic size. Dim myDynamicArray() as integer Define array size when using in code by Redim Redim myDynamicArray (20) Preserve keyword using to keep original value of items when Redim array
Redim Preserve myDynamicArray (50)
when Redim is execute, all items is reset.
Multidimensional array also can be dynamic however the number of dimension cannot be.
83

Dynamic array sample

Option Base 1 Dim mDynamic() As Integer
Private Sub cmdRedim_Click() Dim arrayLength As Integer, x As Integer

Call lstValues.Clear arrayLength = txtInput.Text
' Determine state of CheckBox If chkPreserve.Value = vbUnchecked Then ReDim mDynamic(arrayLength) ElseIf chkPreserve.Value = vbChecked Then ' Allocate memory and preserve contents ReDim Preserve mDynamic(arrayLength) End If Call Displayarray cmdErase.Enabled = True End Sub

84
Dynamic array sample

85
Variable Length arguments: ParamArray

Option Explicit Private Sub Form_Load() Call AnyNumberArguments Call AnyNumberArguments(1) Call AnyNumberArguments(2, 3) Call AnyNumberArguments(4, 5, 6) Call AnyNumberArguments(7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12) End Sub Private Sub AnyNumberArguments(ParamArray x() As Variant) Dim y As Integer Print "Procedure AnyNumberArguments received " For y = LBound(x) To UBound(x) Print x(y) & Space$(4); Next y Print End Sub
86
String , Date & Time

Character & String data structure String processing capabilities Date & Time processing
Character
Character is stored in computer as a number from 0 to 255.

Example: A is stored as 65 1 is stored as 49
ANSI character set (American National Standard Institute)

including 256 characters from 0 to 255 (one byte in memory)
ASSCII character set (American Standard Code for Information

Interchange) includes first 128 characters from ANSI (from 0 to 127).
Character data type include A,B,C,, 0,1,2,, as well as others characters like *, &, +, /, *, etc. Character are comparable by its numeric value in memory.
88

String data type
A string is a series of characters treated as a single unit. A string may include any character in ANSI character set. (value from 0 to 255) String in Visual basic has data type named string String is written as list of characters within a double quotation. "This is a string !" Declared a string variable/constant in VB:
Dim StringVariable As String Dim StringVariable As String * 20
Variable length - Default Fix length to 20

89
String data type
Variable length string are composed up to 2,147,483,648 characters. Fix length String are composed up to 65,568 characters Strings are comparable by its characters numeric values in order.
Example : "ABCDEF" is less than "ABCd" because D < d
If an Fix-length String is assign a shorter string, the rest will take space characters. For larger String assigned to fix-length string, it s automatically truncated to fix size of string.
90

String compare example

Function StrComp(FirstStr, SecondStr, Option type) Result
-1 FirstStr < SecondStr

1 FirstStr > SecondStr 0 FirstStr = SecondStr Option Type vbBinaryCompare vbTextCompare vbDatabaseCompare
vbUseCompareOption
Option Compare Type Binary Text Database
91
String compare example

Private Sub cmdCompare_Click() If txtInput1.Text > txtInput2.Text Then Call lstOutput.AddItem(txtInput1.Text & " is greater than " & txtInput2.Text) ElseIf txtInput1.Text < txtInput2.Text Then Call lstOutput.AddItem(txtInput1.Text & " is less than " & txtInput2.Text) Else Call lstOutput.AddItem(txtInput1.Text & "equal to " & txtInput2.Text) End If End Sub Private Sub cmdStrComp_Click() Dim result As Integer result = StrComp(txtInput1.Text, txtInput2.Text) If result = -1 Then Call lstOutput.AddItem(txtInput1.Text & " is less than " & txtInput2.Text) ElseIf result = 1 Then Call lstOutput.AddItem(txtInput1.Text & " is greater than " & txtInput2.Text) Else Call lstOutput.AddItem(txtInput1.Text & " is equal to" & txtInput2.Text) End If End Sub

92
String concatenation with & and +
Larger string can be conducted by combining small strings together. This process is called string concatenation by using & and/or + operators.
Example: S1=Hello S2 = friends S 3 = S1 + S2 => S3 = Hello friends S4 = S1 & S2 => S4 = Hello friends
If all operands are string, the + and & are similar If an operand are other data type the + operator may have problem.
Example: s1 = Hello + 22 => Error since VB try to change Hello to number and add to 22 => type mismatch

93
Operator Like
Operator Like can using to compare 2 patterns of characters or strings. Return value is True/False
Example: ABCDEFGH like ABCD => false
Pattern matching can be used:
* used to represent any character(s)

ABCDEFG like ABC* => true
? used to replace any single character.

ABCDEFG like ABC??FG => true
# used to replace any single numeric character

ABCD5FG like ABCD#FG => true
[ ], [! ] used to replace a single character with a set of characters

ABCD5FG like A[A-C]CD[ !3-7]FG => false

94
Like Operator example

Private Sub cmdTest_Click() Dim b As Boolean b = txtString.Text Like txtPattern.Text lstOutput.AddItem (txtString.Text & " Like " & txtPattern.Text & " is " & b) End Sub

95
Other String SUBs/Functions
Function Mid$ (string, position, amount)

Return a character/string with amount of characters which copied from string at position. If remaining is fewer than amount the remained of string is return. Mid$ also can used to replace a part of string with a substring. S = Visual Basic 6.0 Mid$(S,2,3) = XXX => S = VXXXal Basic 6.0
Function Len (string) Return length of string. Function Left$ (string, amount) Return amount leftmost characters Function Right$ (string, amount) Return amount rightmost characters Function InsStr (StartPos, String,SubString) Return the position
where the substring exist from startpos of string or return 0 if not exist. Function InsStrRev (String , SubString , Endpos) Return the position where the substring exist from endpos of string or return 0 if not exist.
96
Other String SUBs/Functions (cont.)

Functions LTrim$(String) , RTrim$(String) and Trim$(String) return a string which have LEFT , RIGHT or BOTH space characters removed Function Space$ (amount) return a string with amount space characters. Function String$( amount, character) return a string with amount of characters Function Replace(String, OldChrs, Newchrs, start, amount, compareoption) return a string with all sub string OldChrs has been replace with substringNewchrs. Replacements done from start point of string with amount of time and compareoption used to fine the Oldchrs sub string. Function StrReverse (string) return a reversed string of string Function Ucase$ (string) , Lcase$(string) Uppercase and lowercase a string WHAT s ELSE? - See language reference

97
Conversion Functions

ASC (character) and Chr$(number) Functions Isnumeric(string) , Val (string) and Str$(number) CBool(string) CByte(string) CCur(string) CDate(string) CDbl(string) CDec(string) CInt(string) CLng(string) CSng(string) CVar(string) Other functions Format string, currency,.. See your text book

98
Date & Time processing

Function Now gets the current date and time. Function date gets the current date. Date related functions:

Weekday, WeekDayName, Month, Year IsDate : check if sting can be convert to date format DateSerial , DatePart, DateAdd, Dateiff Time, Hour, Minute, Second Timer , TimeSerial FormatDateTime & Format$
Time related functions:

Date and time format

99
Sample of using Date/Time functions

Private Sub Form_Load() Call lstOutput.AddItem("Current date and time: " & Now) Call lstOutput.AddItem("Date: " & Date) Call lstOutput.AddItem("Day: " & Day(Date)) Call lstOutput.AddItem("Weekday: " & Weekday(Date)) Call lstOutput.AddItem("WeekdayName: " & WeekdayName(Weekday(Date))) Call lstOutput.AddItem("WeekdayName abbrieviated: " & WeekdayName(Weekday(Date), True)) Call lstOutput.AddItem("Month: " & Month(Date)) Call lstOutput.AddItem("MonthName: " & MonthName(Month(Date))) Call lstOutput.AddItem("MonthName abbrieviated: " & MonthName(Month(Date), True)) Call lstOutput.AddItem("Year: " & Year(Date)) Call lstOutput.AddItem(#3/2/1976#) ' Date literal End Sub Private Sub Form_Load() Call lstOutput.AddItem("Year: " & DatePart("yyyy", Now)) Call lstOutput.AddItem("Quarter: " & DatePart("q", Now)) Call lstOutput.AddItem("Month: " & DatePart("m", Now)) Call lstOutput.AddItem("Day of year: " & DatePart("y", Now)) Call lstOutput.AddItem("Day: " & DatePart("d", Now)) Call lstOutput.AddItem("Weekday: " & DatePart("w", Now)) Call lstOutput.AddItem("Week: " & DatePart("ww", Now)) Call lstOutput.AddItem("Hour: " & DatePart("h", Now)) Call lstOutput.AddItem("Minute: " & DatePart("n", Now)) Call lstOutput.AddItem("Second: " & DatePart("s", Now)) End Sub
100
Graphic
Coordination system in computer graphic Drawing on window with VB
Coordinate system
User define coordinate system (0,0) x (0,0) x y
(x,y)
(x,y)
Origin coordinate system The unit that the coordinate is measured in called a scale. Visual basic support difference scales in it system. Scale mode can be define by ScaleMode of properties. User-define coordinate system allow user to change the origin.
102
Scale system in Visual basic

Visual basic support 8 (eight) scale systems
Scale
User defines Tswips
Constant
vbUser vbTwips
Value
0 1
Description
Scale defined by programmer. Default for forms and most controls. 1440 twips per inch. 567 twips per cm. 20 twips per point Commonly used for fonts. 72 points per inch. Commontly used with images. Represent a smallest unit of resolution on a screen. 120 twips horizontally, 240 twips vertically (12 points) Physical inch. Physical Millimeters. Physical centimeter.
Points Pixels Characters Inches Millimeters Centimeters
vbPoints vbPixels vbCharacters vbinches vbMillimeter vbCentimeter
2 3 4 5 6 7

103
Changing scale systems
Calling scale method to change the coordinate and scale system. Scale (left , top) (right , low) Scale (-500, 250) (500, -250)
The ScaleMode propertie will change to vbUser after call Scale. Scale can also be set by setting ScaleTop, ScaleLeft, ScaleWidth and ScaleHeight properties.
ScaleTop = 250 ScaleLeft = = -500 ScaleWidth = 500 ScaleHeight = -250
ScaleX , ScaleY are used to convert between scales.

104

Drawing Methods

Print method used to print a text on screen at (CurrentX, CurrentY) Line method draw lines on a form or control. Can also draw
rectangles. Line (x1,y1) (x2,y2) Line (x1,y1) (x2,y2) , VbColor, B/BF (not-fill/filled)
Circle method draw circles on a form or control. Can also draw

ellipses or ARC. Circle (x1,y1) , radius Circle Circle (x1,y1) , radius, vbColor, startangle , endangle Sector Circle (x1,y1) , radius, vbColor, -startangle , -endangle Arc Circle (x1,y1) , radius, vbColor, startangle , endangle , ratio Ellipse
Pset method set a points color , draw a pixel on form.

Pset (x1,x1) , vbColor

105
Draw Method

106
Draw Method Sample

107
Drawing method : Circle

Private Sub cmdCircle_Click() Dim x As Single, y As Single Dim r As Single Call Randomize ' Randomly pick values to draw at x = Rnd() * Width y = Rnd() * Height r = Rnd() * Height / 10 If Opt1.Value = True Then Circle (x, y), r 'Cirle If Opt2.Value = True Then Circle (x, y), r, vbRed, 0, 3.14 / 1.5 'Sector If Opt3.Value = True Then Circle (x, y), r, vbGreen, -3.14 / 2, -3.14 'Arc If Opt4.Value = True Then Circle (x, y), r, vbGreen, , , 1.5 'Ellipse End Sub

108
Draw Method : Line

Private Sub cmdLine2_Click() Dim x1 As Single, y1 As Single Dim x2 As Single, y2 As Single Call Randomize ' Randomly pick values to draw at x1 = Rnd() * Width y1 = Rnd() * Height x2 = Rnd() * Width y2 = Rnd() * Height If chkfilled.Value = vbChecked Then Line (x1, y1)-(x2, y2), vbRed, BF ' Filled Rectangle Else Line (x1, y1)-(x2, y2), vbRed, B ' Rectangle End If End Sub

109
Draw Method: Pset

Private Sub DrawShape() Dim x As Single, y As Single Dim totalRadians As Single, r As Single Dim a As Single, theta As Single Call Randomize Scale (3, -3)-(-3, 3) totalRadians = 8 * Atn(1) a = 3 * Rnd() For theta = 0.001 To totalRadians Step 0.01 r = 2 * a / Sin(2 * theta) x = r * Cos(theta) ' y coordinate y = r * Sin(theta) ' x coordinate PSet (x, y) ' Turn pixel on Next theta End Sub
110
Drawing Properties
Draw properties used to define how do items be drawn on form.
Property AutoRedraw
Description
A Boolean value that determones whether or not copy all graphic element drawn is store in memory
DrawMode
DrawStyle
An Integer value that specifies how new points generated from Line, Circle and Pset are draw (see DrawMode slide)
An Integer value that specifies how new points generated from Line, Circle and Pset are draw (see DrawStyle slide) An Integer value in range 1 to 32767 that specifies the drawing width in pixels. An Integer value that specifies how new points generated from Line, Circle and Pset are drawn.(see FillStyle slide)
Drawwidth
FillStyle
111
DrawMode Values Fig 9.12 page 383

Constant vbBlackness Value 1 Description Blackness Drawing is done in black.
vbNotMergePen
vbMaskNotpen vbNotCopyPen vbMaskNotPen vbInvert vbXorPen
2
3 4 5 6 7
Not Merge Pen Inverse of vbMergePen (15)

Mask Not Pen combines colors common to the inverse pens background color. Not Copy Pen Inverse of vbCopyPen (13). Mask Not Pen combines the color common to both the pen and the inverse of the display. Inverse Inverse of the display color. Xor Pen combines the colors in the pen and in the display color , but not in both.
vbNotMaskPen
vnMaskPen vnNotXorPen
8
9 10
Not Mask Pen inverse of MaskPen (9)

Mask Pen combine the colors common to both the pen and the display. N ot xor Pen inverse of vbXorPen (7)

112
DrawMode Values Fig 9.12 page 383 (cont.)

Constant vbNop Value 11 Description No Operation Turn off drawing.
vbMergeNotPen
vbCopyPen vbMergePenNot vbMerPen vbWhiteness
12
13 14 15 16
Merge Not Pen combines the display color and the inverse of the pen color.
Copy Pen Default. Drawing is done in the ForeColor. Merge Pen Not Combines the pen color and the inverse of the display color. Merge Pen Combines the pen color and the display color. Whiteness Draw is done in white.

113
DrawMode Sample

114
DrawStype values - Fig 9.13 page 384

Constant vbSolid vbDash vbDot Value 0 1 2 Description Solid Default. Drawing is done as a solid. Dash Drawing is done as a series of dashes. Dot - Drawing is done as a series of dots.
vbDashDot
vbDashDotDot vbInvisible vbInsideSoloid
3
4 5 6
Dash Dot - Drawing is done as a series of dash and dot combinations.

Dash Dot Dot - Drawing is done as a series of dash, dot, dot combinations. Invisible - Drawing is invisible (i.e, transparent) Inside Solid Drawing is done inside the solid.

115
DrawStyle Sample

116
FillStype values - Fig 9.14 page 384

Constant vbFSSolid vbFSTransparent vbFSHorizontalLine Value 0 1 2 Description Solid the fill is solid Transparent Default. The fill is not visible. Horizontal Line The fill is a series of horizontal lines.
vbVerticalLine
vbUpwardDiagonal vbDownwardDiagonal vbCross
3
4 5 6
Vertical Line The fill is a series of vertical lines.

Upward Diagonal The fill is a series of diagonal lines. Downward Diagonal The fill is a series of diagonal lines. Crossing Line The fill is a series of crossing horizontal and vertical lines
vbDiagonalCross
Diagonal Crossing Lines The fill is a series of upward and downward diagonal crossing lines.

117
FillStyle sample

118
Line Control & Shape Control

Line and Shape control provide another way to drawing graphics. Lines Color is specified by using Line Controls BorderColor property Lines Style is specifies by using Line Controls BorderStyle property Lines width is specifies by using Line Controls BorderWidth property

119
Line Control Sample

Private Sub cmdButton_Click() Dim v As Integer v = txtStyle.Text If v >= 0 And v <= 6 Then linLine.BorderStyle = v Else linLine.BorderStyle = 1 txtStyle.Text = 1 End If
120
Line Control & Shape Control

Shape Control can be using to draw rectangles, ellipse, Circle, Some properties of Shape control: BorderStyle ,BorderColor, borderWidth FillStyle, BackStyle, FillColor, BackColor BorderStyles value is identifies as Lines BorderStyles. FillStyle , Drawmode have value as mention before.

121
Colors
Colors on visual basic is created from RGB values (Red, Green, Blue). Each has value from 0 to 255. RGB(Red,Green,Blue) return a value of a color as long data style. pinkColor = RGB(255,175,175) Some Visual Basic color constants

122
Colors Sample
ForeColor = RGB(Rnd() * 256, Rnd() * 256, Rnd() * 256) a = 3 * Rnd() ' Offset used in equation For theta = 0.001 To totalRadians Step 0.01 r = Sqr(a ^ 2 / theta) x = r * Cos(theta) ' y coordinate y = r * Sin(theta) ' x coordinate x1 = -r * Cos(theta) ' y coordinate y1 = -r * Sin(theta) ' x coordinate PSet (x, y) ' Turn pixel on PSet (x1, y1) ' Turn pixel on Next theta End Sub
123
Image & PictureBox
Image can be displayed in form by Image control or PictureBox control. PictureBox control give more properties and method than image control

124
PictureBox Sample
Private Sub Form_Load() picPicture.Picture = LoadPicture("d:\images\ch09\cool.bmp") End Sub Private Sub cmdInvert_Click() Call picPicture.PaintPicture(picPicture.Picture, 0, 0, , , , , , , vbDstInvert) Call SavePicture(picPicture, "images\" & "cool_inverse.bmp") End Sub

125
Printer Object
Printer Object allow user sent text / graphic to printer. By default printer object s properties correspond to default printer in windows setup.

126
Printer object

127
Graphic User Interface (GUI)

Basic
control and ActiveX control Advance GUI design MDI & SDI interface
Controls
User graphic interface in VB is designed by using controls Standard Control: building with VB ActiveX control
Developed by others Need to add to VB by select Projects>Components menu
Menu design

129
Standard Controls

130
Standard Controls

131
Standard Controls
Standard control is ready to use by VB Controls have difference Properties and Methods Some standard controls are not available in standard version of Visual Basic. Its only available in professional or enterprise versions.

132
TextBox
Text box is used to display / input text to application.

133
TextBox

134
MaskEdit Control (ActiveX)
Used to define how/format/structure of data that user input to application Using by add Microsoft MaskEdit control

135
MaskEdit Control Properties

136
MaskEdit Mask Define
Telephone
6290
(091) 391137

Menu design
Menu is a common GUI componen in most windwos applications. Menu in VB Applications can be implement by design it with Menu Edit Tool. Select Tools -> <Menu Edit to open Menu editor.

138
Using Edited Menu
Private Sub cmdExit_Click() End End Sub Private Sub mnuExit_Click() Call cmdExit_Click End Sub
How to assign function to menu Items?
139
SDI & MDI interface

Single Document Interface (SDI) : NotePad, Paint Multiple Document Interface (MDI): Word, Excel

140
Create and manipulate MDIChild form

Private Sub MDIForm_Load() Call Load(frmForm3) ' Load child frmForm3 Call Load(frmForm2) ' Load child frmForm2 Call Load(frmForm1) ' Load child frmForm1 End Sub Private Sub mnuC_Click() Call frmForm1.Show ' Show child frmForm1 End Sub Private Sub mnuExit_Click() Call Unload(frmForm1) ' Unload child frmForm1 Call Unload(frmForm2) ' Unload child frmForm2 Call Unload(frmForm3) ' Unload child frmForm3 End ' Terminate execution End Sub

141
Arrange MDIChild Windows

Private Sub mnuItem_Click(Index As Integer) Call mdiParent.Arrange(Index) ' Arrange children End Sub
Arranged Constant

142
Records and Files Access

DirListBox,
FileListBox & DriveListBox Sequential File Processing Record data structure Random access file Using Common Dialog control
DirListBox , FileListBox & DriveListBox
FileListBox visually list the files in a directory

filFileListBox.Path
DirListBox visually represents the directory structure of a drive

dirDirListBox.Path
DriveListBox visually lists the drive structure of a system

drvDrivelistbox.Drive
FileSystemObject, File,Filder,Drive &TextStream Objects See pages 586 for detail method
Dim mfileSysObj As New fileSystemObject

144
Random Access file
Why do we have to access file?
Long term data storage. Exchange data between users.
Sequences access vs. Random access Record as user-defined datatype

Private Type ClientRecord AccountNumber As Integer Fullname As String * 30 Balance As Currency End Type
Dim CurrentItem, AccountTable(99) As ClientRecord

145
Manipulating Fields of Record Type
A variables of Record datatype can be assigned record value as normal datatype.

AccountTable(5) = CurrentItem
Record datatype can not do compare. However, its fields can. Fields of record can be used as a variable of its datatype. Filed indicated by RecordName.FieldName
AccountTable(1).FullName = Bill Clinton AccountTable(2).FullName = Monica Record of record: field is a record

146
Creating a Random Access file

Sub cmdInitialize_Click() Dim recordLength As Long, x As Integer Dim udtBlankClient As ClientRecord ' user defined type Dim filename As String ' Determine number of bytes in a ClientRecord object recordLength = LenB(udtBlankClient)
For x = 1 To 100 Put #1, x, udtBlankClient ' Write empty records Next Close #1 ' Close file cmdInitialize.Enabled = False MsgBox ("File initialized. Click Exit to terminate.") Else MsgBox ("You must specify a file name") End If End Sub
dlgOpen.ShowOpen filename = dlgOpen.filename

If dlgOpen.FileTitle <> "" Then ' Open clients.rnd for writing Open filename For Random Access Write As #1 -- Len = recordLength

147
File Open
dlgOpen.ShowOpen
File open dialog

148
Writing Data to File

dlgOpen.ShowOpen filename = dlgOpen.filename
Common Dialog
If dlgOpen.FileTitle <> "" Then Open filename For Random Access Write As #1 Len = recordLength
cmdOpenFile.Enabled = False cmdEnter.Enabled = True cmdDone.Enabled = True Else MsgBox ("You must specify a file name") End If
' Write record to file Put #1, mUdtClient.accountNumber, mUdtClient

149
Random and Sequentially Reading data from file
Open file for reading
dlgOpen.ShowOpen filename = dlgOpen.filename If dlgOpen.FileTitle <> "" Then ' Open file for writing Open filename For Random Access Read As #1 Len = recordLength cmdOpenFile.Enabled = False ' Disable button

Random File READ

Get #1, ItemIndex, Variable
Manipulating thought items

Seek openedfile, index (index started from 1)
Sequentially File Read

Do Get #1, , mUdtClient Loop Until EOF(1) Or mUdtClient.accountNumber <> 0

150
Database applications
Database management system (DBMS) Structured query Language (SQL) Using database with VB
Database Management System (DBMS)
What is database system?
Data stored Data management Data query Data relationship maintenance File vs. Database: Stored data, query, structured data Data management
Why does database used?

Relationship database Database Management System (DBMS) Visual basic, relationship database and SQL
152

Benefit of using database and DBMS

Redundancy can be reduced. Inconsistency can be avoided. The data can be shared. Standard can be enforced. Security restrictions can be applied. Integrity can be maintained. Conflicting requirement can be balanced. Exchangeable between applications Upgradeable Distributed database
153

Relational Database model

Records and Data Tables Relational database

Logical representation of the data that allow relationship between data to be considered. Composes of tables and their relationship all in once.
Advantage of relational database

154
Microsoft ADO Data Control & DataGrid Control

155
Microsoft ADO Data Control & DataGrid Control

156
ADO Controls common properties

157
Structured Query Language (SQL)

SQL is a standard language for query, management difference database systems. Some of SQL language keywords

158
SQL Command
SELECT query: Select data from table(s)

SELECT * From Tablename Select Au_ID, Author From Authortable
WHERE Clause : Locate record(s) in a database that satisfy

certain Selection criteria SELECT * From TableName WHERE Criteria Select * From Authortable WHERE YearBorn >=1990 Select * From Authortable Where Like d[a-f]* Note: if fields name has blank please using [ ] to specify filed name. LIKE operator also can be using as well as >, <, <=, >=, <>, =.
ORDER BY Clause: Arrange the result of query
Select * From tablename Order Fieldname ASC Select * From tablename Order Fieldname DESC Select * From AuthorTable Order by Author ASC

159
SQL Command
INNER JOIN : merge data from multiple tables

Select * From Table1 Inner Join Tabbe2 On Table1.field = Table2.field SELECT Authors, ISBN FROM Authors INNER JOIN TitleAuthor ON Authors.Au_ID = TitleAuthor.Au_ID ORDER BY Author ASC Add More ActiveX Designers -> Data environmont . The Data Environment Designer appears See document on Using Data Environment to connect to database (Page 797 TextBook)
Using Data Environment Designer


160

Visual Basic 6

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Deskripsi Asli:

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Visual Basic 6

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Foundation of Computer Programming Visual Basic 6.

Instructor: Mr. Nguyen Cao Tri

Documents: Course syllabus, lectures slide, samples can be found at

Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology - Department of Information Technology

Text book/reading material:

Department of Information Technology

Computing concepts Programming concepts Flowchart

Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology - Department of Information Technology

CPU Storage System

Operating system User interface: command line , GUI Programming concepts:

Department of Information Technology

Programming languages & IDE

Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

Department of Information Technology

Object Oriented Programming (OOP)

Object Name (ID) Properties

Department of Information Technology

Algorithms & Flowchart

Whats algorithms How to present an algorithms?

Natural language, Programming languages Others?

Characteristic: picture base, chart base Capability Advantage:

Simple Easy to understand Powerful Better view and control of Flowchart

Department of Information Technology

Process description / data calculation

Process Direction Control

Other Process direction Control

Stop or End of algorithms. One/Multi STOP point.

Department of Information Technology

Algorithms ax + b=0 equation solving.

Any number is solution

Department of Information Technology

Control Structures in programming languages

Department of Information Technology

Other terms in computer programming

Data & Data type Basic data type

integer, long, character, byte, . Real (double, float) Others: string

Department of Information Technology

Whats Visual Basic (VB)

What can programmers do with VB?

Department of Information Technology

Visual Basic programming steps

User interface design.

Department of Information Technology

Microsoft Visual Studio IDE

Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology - Department of Information Technology

Project Windows Standard EXE application

Tool Box Properties Form

Department of Information Technology

Other IDE Components

Display, font, format, enable,

Project folder view Form view Code view

Department of Information Technology

Simple Welcome Program

How to do that with Visual Basic 6.0

See sample below

Department of Information Technology

Simple application FORM design

Visible = false Caption = welcome to Visual Basic 6.0

Simple application Code write

Department of Information Technology

Simple Application Run Time

First run: Only Show button available

Click Hide button: Hide Text