LECTURE 1: INTRODUCTION (20/1/2012) Learning Objectives 1) Introduction to Class, Class Schedule, Teaching Style 2) Introduction to Control 3) Introduction to Elements

of Feedback Control Key Ideas 1) Process Control Involves - process knowledge (heat transfer, fluid mechanics, mass transfer and chemical reaction engineering), mathematics (calculus, differential equations and numerical methods), and programming (MATLAB/SIMULINK) 2) The key idea is to understand that a process can be seen as a black box with an input and an output. Process knowledge helps you see which is the input and the output, while mathematics helps you determine the relationship i.e. Q=mCpT 3) All control systems have the following items a) Manipulated Variable (MV) b) Process Variable (PV) c) Measurement d) Disturbance (D) or Load (L) e) Set Point Variable (SV) f) Controller (C) g) Final Control Element (FCE) 4) You can only control what you can measure. Why? Questions 1) Which differential equations for chemical processes show an input output relationship? 2) Why would we need to control a process? 3) Why is it called process control? 4) What is the difference between a chemical engineering process control engineer and an electrical engineering control and instrumentation engineer 5) What do control engineers do? 6) What are common brands/companies in the chemical process control? 7) What devices are involved in process control? References 1) Seborg (3rd Edition) Chapter 1 2) Check web for cybernetics, control systems, process control 3) Web links on Facebook page

LECTURE 2 INTRODUCTION TO FEEDBACK CONTROL IN DAILY LIFE (21/2/2012) Learning Objectives 1) Expanding into Feedback Control elements Key Idea 1) There is hidden control loops in daily life i.e. Toilet Water Tank a) Manipulated Variable is Water Flow into Tank which is proportional to the Ball Float Angle b) The Process Variable is the water level. Why? c) Final Control Element is the Valve d) Controller, Measurement and Set Point value are within the Ball Float system e) The Disturbance is variations in the water flow as well as leaks f) The Process is the Tank Mass Balance 2) For Air Conditioner a) The Set Point Variable is Temperature b) The Controller is the Thermostat c) The Manipulated Variable is the Air Flow d) The Final Control Element is the Air valve/ Fan Blower which can operate in ON/OFF or Proportional Mode e) The measuring device is a thermocouple which produces an electrical output proportional/calibrated to temperature f) The Disturbance is the Outside ambient temperature g) The Process is the Room Energy Balance h) Note: this system can only cool a room and not heat a room. What is the limitation of such a system? Questions/Assignment 1) Take a picture of a daily process that you observe machine, human, nature, animal or plant. Explain it in the manner that is shown in Key Idea 1 and 2 2) Look back at your Chemical Process Technology, Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer, Mass Transfer, and Chemical Reaction Engineering. Can you see what the PV, MV, SV, D, FCE used in the processes? How do you choose the MV and PV? References 1) Same as Lecture 1