Anda di halaman 1dari 2

Stella Maris Homeschool Program

4 Types of Sentences

Declarative (a statement of fact): Once there were three little pigs.


Interrogative (a question): Where are you going so early, Little Red Riding Hood? Imperative (a command): Rapunzel! Rapunzel! Let down your hair! Exclamatory (a forceful statement): Then perhaps your name is Rumpelstiltskin! The devil told you that! The devil told you that! cried the little man

Noun: A person, place, or thing. Examples: car, village, dog, vacation, game Proper nouns: Names of persons, places, companies, books, movies, months, and days are nouns that are capitalized. Formal titles such as Pope are also capitalized. Plural nouns: Usually we add an s to the end of a noun to make it plural Sometimes we add es at the end of a noun to make it plural: church churches Generally, nouns that end with s, x, sh, ch, z, and sometimes f, are made plural by adding es. Sometimes nouns ending in y are changed to end in ies when plural: babybabies Possessive nouns: nouns that show something belonging to someone. Apostrophes ( ) are used to show possession. For example: That is the schools bus. Look at Allisons new car. To make a plural noun a possessive, we can add the apostrophe after the s at the end: Teachers, please monitor your students behavior. This can apply to words ending in es also: Many churches collections have increased.

Basic Grammar Guide

Pronouns: Words that take the place of a noun. Singular I, me, myself, he, she, him, her, himself, herself, it, itself Plural We, them, themselves, they Possessive Mine, my, ours, yours, their

Interrogative (questions) Who (Who broke the vase?)


Which (Which shirt is on sale?) Others Anyone, anybody, nobody, each Adjectives: Words that describe nouns Examples: The cookies are tasty. The work was difficult. The yacht is enormous. An antique is old. The sun is yellow. Her hair is long. The river is wide. She prefers round tables. Adjectives even include amounts. For example: I bought a dozen donuts. Adjectives can change depending on whether the nouns they describe are singular or plural. For example: Singular: I dont have much time. Plural: I dont have many toys. Singular: I had little reason to be angry. Plural: I had few reasons to be angry.

Verb: Words that show action or being. Example: The Jockey steered his horse around the track. Examples of being verbs: Is, am, were, was, are, be, being, been There are also helping verbs that work with a main verb in a sentence. Be, being, been, am, are May, might, must Is, was, were Should, could, would Do, does, did Have, had, has Will, can, shall Use is with a singular noun and are with a plural noun: The toddler is messy. The toddlers are messy.

Stella Maris Homeschool Program

Verb: Words that show action or being. Example: The Jockey steered his horse around the track. Examples of being verbs: Is, am, were, was, are, be, being, been There are also helping verbs that work with a main verb in a sentence. Be, being, been, am, are May, might, must Is, was, were Should, could, would Do, does, did Have, had, has Will, can, shall Use is with a singular noun and are with a plural noun: The toddler is messy. The toddlers are messy. Verb Tenses: The form a verb takes depends a lot on when it happenedin the present, past, or passive sense. Present Eat Past Ate Passive Sense (Participle) Eaten

Preposition: Show a relationship between things It can be helpful to think of prepositions as every way a bee can fly. About, above, across, after, against, around, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, besides, between, beyond, by, down, during, except, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, on, out, outside, over, since, through, throughout, till, to, toward, under, until, up, upon, with, without, according to, because of, by way of, in addition to, in front of, in place of, in regard to, in spite of,

Sentence-ending Punctuation Period ( . )End of declarative or imperative sentence Question Mark ( ? )End of a question Exclamation Mark ( ! )End of a forceful statement

Notice in the passive sense, that some form of have generally comes before it: We have eaten The food, having been eaten, was gone. Passive can refer to future as well: By then we will have eaten the meal. Sometimes the tense of a verb changes the word in unusual ways (irregular verbs): Past: I drank the water. Past Participle: I have drunk the water. Past: I went to the basketball game. Past Participle: I would have gone to the game. For a list of commonly used irregular verbs go online to:
www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/irregular-verbs-list.htm Articles
Words that introduce another word

A, an, the Use a when introducing a word beginning with a consonant. A truck drove over our grass. Use an when introducing a word beginning with a vowel (a,e,i,o,u). An egg broke on our kitchen floor. Pronounce the as th when introducing a word beginning with a consonant. Pronounce the as thee when introducing a word beginning with a vowel.

Mid-sentence Punctuation Comma ( , ) 1) Separate swords in a series: We ordered pizza with pepperoni, sausage, and mushrooms. 2) Connects independent clauses: His grades were lower than expected, though they were an improvement over last semester. 3) Sets apart introductory elements: Under the circumstances, the team played well. 4) Sets apart parenthetical elements: The Concord, which was the only supersonic passenger jet, is no longer in service.

Colon ( : ) Shows that what follows the colon supports, explains, or lists items introduced before it. Semicolon ( ; ) 1) Separates a series of phrases that have their own punctuation. 2) Joins closely related clauses that could otherwise be joined with a conjunction. 3) Joins clauses linked by a transitional phrase (such as however)

Anda mungkin juga menyukai