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Chapter 9: Microorganisms and Their Effects on Living Things Paper 1 1 Which of the following microorganisms causes dengue?

A Bacteria B Protozoa C Virus D Fungus 2 There is a type of illness that is caused by a virus, which infects the saliva gland and causes it to swell. What is another characteristic of this illness? A It can cause infertility in patients. B There is a vaccine to prevent this illness. C One can be infected through blood transfusion. D It can be prevented by drinking boiled water. 3 Figure 1 shows a petri dish containing sterile nutrient agar and it is exposed to the air for a few days at room temperature.
Table 1

Which of the following test tubes has the most ideal condition for bacterial growth? A X only B Y only C Z only D X and Y only 5 Table 2 shows several pathogens and their respective ways or methods of infection.

Table 2

Which of the following may be diseases X, Y and Z? X Z A Tuberculosis Goitre B Poliomyelitis Dysentery C Gonorrhoea Tuberculosis D Hepatitis B Cholera Dysentery Syphilis Measles Tinea Y

Figure 1

At the end of the experiment, a clear spot was observed as shown above. Which of the following is found in the clear spot? A Vaccine B Antibiotics C Serum D Antibodies 4 Table 1 shows the medium and incubation temperature for test tubes X, Y and Z. 1

6 Which of the following diseases can be contracted when an infected person sneezes? A Measles B Malaria C Common cold D Poliomyelitis 7 Table 3 shows four Petri dishes containing bacteria cultures that are left in

different conditions.

A B C D

buds spores flagella chlorophyll

Table 3

Which of these four Petri dishes will have the most number of bacterial colonies? A I B II C III D IV

10 Hepatitis B can be spread I through transfusion of contaminated blood II through the sharing of contaminated syringes III by a bite from the Anopheles mosquito, which carries the infective virus A I and II only B I and III only C II and II only D I, II and III 11 Which of the following diseases is not spread by a vector? A Dysentry B Malaria C Mumps D Cholera

8 Figure 2 shows four methods of modern medical treatment.

12 Diseases normally caused by fungi include A ringworm and tinea B mumps and measles C gonorrhoea and syphilis D malaria and dysentery 13 The symptoms of a tuberculosis patient include I bloody phlegm II a thin body III persistent diarrhoea A II only B I and II only C I and III only D I, II and III 14 Which of the following statements are true about the virus? I Virus only infect animals. II Virus can only reproduce in a living

Figure 2

What is X? A The use of ultraviolet light B Sterilisation C The use of plant roots D Radiotherapy 9 Bacteria can survive in unsuitable conditions because bacteria can form

cell. III Virus cannot antibiotics. A I and II only B I and III only C II and III only D I, II and III

be

killed

with

15 Figure 3 shows the antibody concentration in the blood of a student after vaccination.

Figure 4

Figure 3

Which of the following is true about this student? A His body has developed immunity against a certain disease. B His body will keep on building up antibodies throughout his life. C The vaccine injection was not enough to achieve immunity. D The antibody concentration in the blood will reduce if the student receives a booster shot. 16 Which of the following is true about algae? A All algae are unicellular cells. B Algae contain chlorophyll. C Algae can only live in dry conditions. D All algae live as saprophytes.

Each test tube is kept at different temperatures. Among test tubes A, B, C and D, which will have the cloudiest solution at the end of experiment? 18 Which of the following is true about bacteria? A Bacteria has no cell wall. B Bacteria is a multicellular organism. C Bacteria reproduces through binary fission. D Bacteria exist in a crystalline form under unfavourable conditions. 19 Figure 5 shows two examples of microorganisms.

Figure 5

17 Figure 4 shows four test tubes with its content.

These two microorganisms can be classified as A virus B algae C bacteria 3

D fungi

B I and II only C I and III only D I, II and III

20 Which of the following are the benefits of algae to humans? I Contains chemicals that can prevent cancer II Produces biogas from agricultural waste III Used to extract antibiotics A II only Paper 2 Section A Figure 1 shows a way of immunisation through vaccination in the human body. ____________________________________ ________________________________ (d) For certain diseases, more than one vaccine injection is needed. (i) Explain why.

____________________________________ ___________________________
Figure 1

(a) Name substance X. ____________________________________ ________________________________ (b) Name the type of immunisation shown in the figure above. ____________________________________ ________________________________ (c) Name two types of diseases that can be prevented through this way.

____________________________________ ___________________________ (ii) Draw an immunity graph that shows the immunity level of an individual who has been given two of the same vaccine injections at different times. Specify the immunity level in the graph.

[6 marks]

Paper 1 1 C 2 A 3 B 4 B 5 D 6 C 7 B 8 D 9 B 10 A

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

C A B C C B C C A B

Section C Study the statement below carefully. An antibiotic will prevent the growth of bacteria. (a) Suggest a suitable hypothesis to investigate this statement. (b) Describe one experiment to test your hypothesis based on the following. Aim of the experiment Identifying the variables List of apparatus and materials Procedure Tabulation of data Conclusion

Paper 2 Section A (a) Antibody (b) Active artificial immunity (c) Tuberculosis/Hepatitis B/Poliomyelitis/Tetanus/Measles/Rubella/Di phtheria (d) (i) To get a higher immunity level (ii)

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi)

Section C (a) Hypothesis: The antibiotic produces a clear area on the surface of agar (b) (i) Aim: To study the action of an antibiotic on bacteria (ii) Variable that is kept constant: Type of bacteria is manipulated: The presence of antibiotic responds: Clear area on the surface of agar Answer

(iii) Apparatus and materials: Sterile nutrient agar, penicillin discs, cellophane tape, label, bacteria culture solution, sterile forceps (iv) Procedure: Fill Petri dishes A and B with moist nutrient agar. Put 1 cm3 of bacteria culture solution into each Petri dish. Place the penicillin disc on the surface of the nutrient agar in Petri dish B using sterile forceps. Cover the Petri dishes and seal them with cellophane tape. Keep the two Petri dishes inverted and leave them at room temperature. Record the condition of the nutrient agar on both Petri dishes after two days. (v) Tabulation of data: The presence of antibiotic Yes No (vi) Conclusion: The antibiotic produces a clear area on the surface of agar and prevents the growth of bacteria.

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