2006 ________________________________________________________________________________________________

Shape Optimization of Double-chamber Mufflers with Extended Tube and Side Inlet/Outlet by using Four-pole Transfer Matrix Method, Boundary Element Method and Genetic Algorithm
Min-Chie Chiu Ying-Chun Chang Long-Jyi Yeh Guang-Jer Lai Ming-Guo Her Chien-Chung 2 3 1 Tu Tian-Syung Lan and Ho-Chih Cheng
1 1 2 2 2 2

Department of Automatic Control Engineering, Chung-Chou Institute of Technology 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tatung University. 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, De-Lin Institute of Technology Author for Correspondence: Min-Chie Chiu E-mail: minchie.chiu@msa.hinet.net ABSTRACT
genetic method. In this project, the advanced research from Yeh [7] was continued. A new optimal design of multi-chamber silencer conjugated with side inlet/out duct and extended tube was presented. By using GAs optimization [8, 9], the appropriate design set of a constrained muffler can be quickly searched, accordingly. In this paper, considering flowing condition, the analytic function of STL for a double-chamber, side inlet/out and extended tube silencer (please refer to Figure 1) has been deduced by four-pole transfer matrix. Solution Moreover, the accuracy check of theoretical model has been rechecked by BEM (boundary element method) and experimental data. Consequently, the shape optimization of a constrained silencer, used in eliminating the broadband noise wave, has thereafter been performed by GA method.

This Project, a fundamental research on double-chamber mufflers with side inlet/outlet duct, is trying to build up the theoretical four-pole matrices and to maximize the acoustic performance in space-constrained muffler by using genetic algorithm (GA); Besides, the commercial BEM software SYSNOISE will be applied and simulated for further comparison. Consequently, the above theoretical and numerical result will be verified by the experimental data. To verify the accuracy of GAs solution during optimization, an optimal design of noise reduction onto pure tone with 300 Hz is pre-run. The result reveals that the maximized STL is precisely located at 300 Hz; thereafter, a numerical case of optimal noise reduction to broadband noise source under space constraint is exemplified. By using GA optimization, several optimal design sets can be obtained, according. Consequently, we can select the maximal STL (sound transmission loss) from them as the final design data. Key words: Multi-Chamber Mufflers, Shape Optimization, Sound Transmission Loss, Four-pole Matrix Method, Genetic Algorithm, Boundary Element Method.

2. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
The relevant acoustic field of silencer depicted in Figure2 is represented by 14 points. Silencer consists of nine components. Three kinds of silencing mechanisms are recognized, including straight duct, side inlet/outlet duct and extended duct. The derivation of four-pole matrices with respect to individual element is described as following. [1, 2, 3, 4, 10]:

1. INTRODUCTION
The study of reactive silencers has already been started in 1970. The acoustic effects due to flowing and temperature have been fully investigated by Prasad [1, 2, 3], Crocker [1] and Munjal [3, 4]. In 1984, Bernhard [5] discussed the shape optimization on reactive silencer under no constraint. In 2002, Yeh [6] proposed the shape optimization of single-chamber muffler under space constraint by using four-pole matrix conjugated with three-dimensional graphic analysis. Even though the method can quickly find out the effective design data, the precision is required to be improved. To overcome the deficit, Yeh [7] proposed the shape optimization of single-chamber silencer by using two optimization techniques, including mathematic gradient method and

2.1 Straight duct

As derived by Prasad [5], an alternative form of four-pole matrix between point 1 and point 2 with mean flow is expressed in equation (1)

Figure 1 three-dimensional double-chamber muffler conjugated with side inlet/outlet and extended tube