Question 1 a) Internet Worlds largest network.

A worldwide collection of networks that links millions of business, government agencies, educational institutions and individuals. Also called the Net

b) World Wide Web, WWW A worldwide collection of electronic documents. Also called the Web.

c) Multimedia A computer- based interactive communication process that incorporate text, graphic, sound, animation and video.

d) Multimedia title A multimedia application such as reference, entertainment or educational product.

e) Authoring Programs Primary development tools for creating multimedia titles that allow one to combine elements (text, graphics, animation, sound and video) and create hyperlinks.

f) Home page Starting page for a browser, similar to a book cover or table of contents for a Web site, provides information about the sites purpose and content.

Google Homepage

g) Multimedia cartography Multimedia cartography uses interactive web/CD-ROM and animated computer software to present mapping information.

h) Electronic atlas

A collection of geographical data, in analogue or digital form representing a particular area and/or one or more geographical themes, based on a narrative together with tools for navigation, information retrieval, analysis and presentation which developed for use primarily on electronic media.

Electronic atlas

List one (1) file format that is supported by the web for each of the five (5) multimedia elements. 5 multimedia elements a) Graphics jpeg b) Sound wav c) Text pdf d) Video mpg e) Animation gif.

i) GIS Geographic Information System (GIS) is defined as an information system that is used to input, store, retrieve, manipulate, analyze and output geographically referenced data or geospatial data, in order to support decision making for planning and management of land use, natural resources, environment, transportation, urban facilities, and other administrative records.

j) CAD The letters CAD stand for computer-aided design. Architects, drafters, engineers, and artists use CAD software to create plans and construction drawings. Before the age of computers, drawings and blueprints were drafted by hand. CAD is more efficient because the software records lines as vectors based on mathematical equations. Portions of a drawing can be twisted, stretched, or moved. The picture as a whole will automatically adjust. Also known as computer-aided design and drafting (CADD), is the use of computer technology for the process of design and design-documentation.(Wikipedia, 2011)

Question 2 W. Cartwright and D.D Fraser in 1988 stated that Cartography the art and science of map making, has always relied on the technology of the day to enable technically correct, geographically tied, and graphically pleasing documents to be produced depicting spatial information. Todays cartographer is required to utilize many skills in the graphical/mathematical oriented profession.

Suggest the area of knowledge and skills needed by the modern day professional cartographers.

Individual cartographers vary a great deal in what they do, a certain basic functions are performed by cartographers in general. The most important of these are liaison, editing, drafting, reprographics, administration, research, teaching and custodianship.

Depending on the nature and size of the organization for which the cartographer works, he or she may perform just one or several of these functions. Nowadays modern day professional cartographers are suggested to be more skillful and knowledgeable. These are the suggested knowledge and skills :

Computer Science : A cartographer should know hot operate computers and peripheral devices like digitizers, scanners, plotters and printers. Other is graphic and mapping software. For example 3Dimentional drawings.

Geography: A key subject when wishing to work within cartography or GIS. Knowledge, skills and understanding relating to spatial information, natural and human environments and undertaking geographic enquirey are extremely useful. Basic understanding of maps and how to use them.

For example, the data that appear on maps, whether reflecting land forms and climate or population and industry, are geographical data, and geography provides the understanding of these phenomena that can be crucial to effective mapping

GIS : a tool for managing information about the world we live and for solving some of the problem that faced nowadays..Maps are integral to GIS, and it is not surprising that cartographers have long been major players in the development of the field. This involvement continues, and nowadays the combination of cartography and GIS is one that is increasingly sought after.

Mathematics:

Applying

knowledge

of

numbers,

their

operations,

and

interrelationships including arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and using mathematics to solve problems.

Languages : A grounding in a second language is always very useful when wishing to work in the international market. Cartographers with more than one language are always sought after and as such there are often greater opportunities to work overseas.

Personal Qualities : also vary somewhat depending on the type of cartography. Example, cartophile (map-lovers are so numerous that they have their own special name) .But there is much more to being a cartographer than a love of maps and the proverbial ability to draw a straight line. Indeed, the latter may not be all that crucial any more, for the computer revolution could well make pure manual dexterity, if not redundant, then at least relatively unimportant.

Knowing other subjects including Leisure and Tourism, Environmental Science and Geology have an obvious link, but so do the subjects of Planning, Business, Communication, Graphic Design, Architecture, History and Publishing are other advantages for modern cartographers.

The most important thing you need to be a cartographer is enthusiasm about maps and about geographical information. The subject is so varied that as long as you have basic geographical knowledge and skills, you will find a discipline within the world of maps that suits your skills and education. Cartographers engaged in map design require imagination, artistic flair and the ability to visualize. Cartographers engaged in drafting require the patience and stamina to endure long hours over a light table or in front of a computer monitor. Cartographers of all lands require people skills, organizational ability, intellectual integrity, adaptability in the face of technological change, and the ability to work to deadlines without sacrificing quality. They also require attention to detail and commitment to accuracy, in cartographic circles it does no harm at all to be a perfectionist.

Reference Carriers in Cartography from web, http://www.cca-acc.org/careers-6.asp retrived 17 April 2011. What is CAD? by Jackie C. http://architecture.about.com/od/software/g/CAD.html, date retrieved 19 April 2011 CAD www.wikipedia.org, date retrieved 18 April 2011