F&C Lab
Environment and Computer Laboratory HS 2011 Water Resources Management Flood Routing Methods and Models Exercise Hydraulic Modelling of Open Channel Flows
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Outline
Organisational Issues Flood Routing Methods and Models Introduction of the Exercise Getting to know HEC-GeoRAS Getting to know HEC-RAS
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F&C Lab
Organisational Issues
Supervisor: Verena Maleska, Christina Schornberg, Ellen Cerwinka Contact: maleska@ifu.baug.ethz.ch Time table
Date Friday, 11. Nov Topic Open Channel Flow hydrologic flood routing Introduction Exercise 1 HEC-RAS Paper assignments Individual work on Exercise Office hours: 12.45-16.30, HIL D 21.3 Room C 29
Friday, 18. Nov Friday, 25. Nov Friday, 2. Dec Friday, 9. Dec Friday, 16. Dec
C 29 C 29 C 29 C 29 C 29
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F&C Lab
Organisational Issues
1 Exercise + Paper Assignments
- Building up the hydraulic model with HEC-GeoRAS in ArcGIS - Hydraulic Modelling of Open Channel Flows using HEC-RAS - Transferring the results of HEC-RAS into ArcGIS
Exercises carried out in groups of 2 students Hand in one report for the exercise and the paper assignments
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F&C Lab
Organisational Issues
Literature
Lecture notes Hydraulik 1 Prof. Kinzelbach Bollrich: Technische Hydromechanik Band 1 Manual HEC-RAS www.sciencedirect.com for paper
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F&C Lab
Institut fr Umweltingenieurwissenschaften
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F&C Lab
Institut fr Umweltingenieurwissenschaften
IfU
F&C Lab
Institut fr Umweltingenieurwissenschaften
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F&C Lab
1) floods predict flood propagation protection warning 2) design water conveyance systems protective measures hydrosystem operation 3) water dynamics ungauged rivers peak flow estimation river-aquifer interaction
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F&C Lab
Risk analysis
R = 1 [1 P ( X xt )]n
R = hydrologic risk of failure is given by the probability that the annual flood event x larger than xt will occur at least once in n years e.g. a weir with a life period of n=50 years, P(HQT=100)=1/T=1/100
50
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2) Flood Routing
Flow (Flood) Routing Analysis
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dv/dt=0 dv/dx=0
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dv/dt=0 dv/dx=0
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- a numerical hydraulic model for flood routing - the general methodology, possibilities and limitations of numerical
flood routing
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Tasks
1 Steady State Simulations (d/dt = 0) 1.1 Rating curve (Q-H function) 1.2 Influence of roughness coefficient 2 Unsteady Flow Simulations 2.1 Influence of initial conditions (=> warm up time) 2.2 Investigation of the temporal discretization 2.3 Rating curve for unsteady flow 2.4 Numerical damping (influence of weighting factor ) 2.5 Influence of downstream boundary condition Answer questions on papers dealing with roughness in open channel flow
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Bern
Thun
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Available Data
On the webpage: Tasks Flood events Orthophoto Elevation data Paper and questions Lecture notes, etc.
Bern
Thun
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explicit scheme: Xt+1 = F(Xt) explicit schemes can be solved for Xt+1 straightforward computation stability issues for large t (CFL-criterion) e.g Forward step
dX X t +1 X t = F ( X t ) X t +1 = F ( X t ) t + X t t dt
Implicit Schemes:
- implicit scheme: Xt+1 = F(Xt and Xt+1) - generally, implicit schemes cant be solved
explicitly for Xt+1 (Xt+1 = .) (depending on F) solvable e.g. with matrix inversion - high computational demand - less strict stability criteria larger time steps possible - e.g. Trapezoidal rule
dX X t +1 X t 1 = F ( X t +1 ) + F ( X t ) t dt 2
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x u t
u t 1 x
x t u
u: highest velocity in the system ( flood wave speed) t: computational time step x: spatial discretization ( distance between cross sections)
Time step t shouldn't be longer than the time a water particle needs to get from one computational node to the next (x) Or: The distance which a water particle moves in one time step (u*t) shouldnt be larger than x u t
x x
If t too long or u too high: Interpolation errors and instability Within limits of stability: trade off between computation time and accuracy
-> Exc 2.2: temporal discretization
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weighting factor
temporal derivative:
spatial derivative
how to weight present (t=n+1) variable / spatial derivative compared to past (t=n) variable / spatial derivative? numerically stable for 0.5 1 (in practice: 0.6 1)
-> Exc 2.4: weighting factor
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And now
Form groups and choose a flood event Get to know HEC-RAS start working on the paper assignments Bathurst: What are the main elements governing flow resistance in natural channels? Is the river roughness constant in space and time? Wohl: How can you estimate the roughness coefficient? Which parameters influence the roughness in a channel? How do they influence the roughness? What is the influence of a varying roughness coefficient on the river flow? Can you make a general statement? Next week: working on the exercise Deadline 19th December 2011
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