5-42 API STANDARD 650

12.5 mm (
1
/
2
in.) of deposited weld metal while the welds are made, and on the completed welds. The completed welds shall also
be visually examined. The examination of the completed welds shall be performed after stress-relieving but before hydrostatic
testing (see 8.2 and 8.5 for the appropriate inspection and repair criteria).
5.8 SHELL ATTACHMENTS AND TANK APPURTENANCES
5.8.1 Shell Attachments
5.8.1.1 Shell attachments shall be made, inspected, and removed in conformance with Section 7.
a. Permanent attachments are items welded to the shell that will remain while the tank is in its intended service. These include
items such as wind girders, stairs, gauging systems, davits, walkways, tank anchors, supports for internal items such as heating
coils and other piping supports, ladders, floating roof supports welded to the shell, exterior piping supports, grounding clips, insu-
Figure 5-15Rotation of Shell Connection
Position of shell after
elastic movement
Initial shell radius =
Shell radius = +
Height of bending
in shell varies with
tank radius and
thickness
Transition plate
Bottom
Reinforcing plate
Inside diameter of shell
75 mm (3") min
(See Details a and b)
Initial centerline
of connection
Angle of
rotation
Centerline of
connection after
elastic movement
of shell
Inside of shell at
centerline of opening
75 mm
(3") min
75 mm
(3") min
Inside of shell at
centerline of opening
Notch to suit bottom reinforcing plate
+ 300 mm (12") min,
except as limited by
curvature of foundation
(see Detail b)
DetaiI a DetaiI b
DETAILS OF NOTCH IN RINGWALL
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WELDED STEEL TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE 5-43
lation rings, and electrical conduit and fixtures. Items installed above the maximum liquid level of the tank are not permanent
attachments.
b. Temporary attachments are items welded to the shell that will be removed prior to the tank being commissioned into its
intended service. These include items such as alignment clips, fitting equipment, stabilizers, and lifting lugs.
5.8.1.2 When attachments are made to shell courses of material in Group IV, IVA, V, or VI, the movement of the shell (particu-
larly the movement of the bottom course) under hydrostatic loading shall be considered, and the attachments shall meet the fol-
lowing requirements:
a. Permanent attachments may be welded directly to the shell with fillet welds having a maximum leg dimension of 13 mm (
1
/
2
in.).
The edge of any permanent attachment welds shall be at least 75 mm (3 in.) from the horizontal joints of the shell and at least
150 mm (6 in.) from the vertical joints, insert-plate joints, or reinforcing-plate fillet welds. Permanent attachment welds may cross
shell horizontal or vertical butt welds providing the welds are continuous within these limits and the angle of incidence between the
two welds is greater than or equal to 45 degrees. Additionally, any splice weld in the permanent attachment shall be located a mini-
mum of 150 mm (6 in.) from any shell weld unless the splice weld is kept from intersecting the shell weld by acceptable
modifications to the attachment.
b. The welding and inspection of permanent attachments to these shell courses shall conform to 7.2.3.5.
c. Temporary attachments to shell courses shall preferably be made prior to welding of the shell joints. Weld spacing for tempo-
rary attachments made after welding of the shell joints shall be the same as that required for permanent attachments. Temporary
attachments to shell courses shall be removed, and any resulting damage shall be repaired and ground to a smooth profile.
5.8.2 Bottom Connections
Connections to the tank bottom are permitted subject to agreement between the Purchaser and the Manufacturer with respect to
details that provide strength, tightness, and utility equal to the details of shell connections specified in this Standard.
5.8.3 Cover Plates
5.8.3.1 Unreinforced openings less than or equal to NPS 2 pipe size are permissible in flat cover plates without increasing the
cover plate thickness if the edges of the openings are not closer to the center of the cover plate than one-fourth the height or diam-
eter of the opening. Requirements for openings NPS 2 pipe size and smaller that do not satisfy the location requirement and for
larger reinforced openings are given in 5.8.3.2 through 5.8.3.4.
5.8.3.2 Reinforced openings in the cover plates of shell manholes shall be limited to one-half the diameter of the manhole
opening but shall not exceed NPS 12 pipe size. The reinforcement added to an opening may be a reinforcing plate or an increased
thickness of the cover plate, but in either case, the reinforcement shall provide an added reinforcing area no less than the cutout
area of the opening in the cover plate.
A cover plate with a nozzle attachment for product-mixing equipment shall have a thickness at least 1.4 times greater than the
thickness required by Table 5-3. The added thickness (or pad plate) for replacement of the opening cutout in the cover plate shall
be based on Table 5-3. The 40% increase in thickness within a radius of one diameter of the opening may be included as part of
the area of replacement required. The mixer-nozzle attachment to the cover plate shall be a full-penetration weld. The manhole
bolting-flange thickness shall not be less than 1.4 times the thickness required by Table 5-3. The manhole nozzle neck shall be
designed to support the mixer forces with a minimum thickness not less than the requirements of Table 5-4 without comparison to
the increased bolting-flange thickness noted in this section.
5.8.3.3 When cover plates (or blind flanges) are required for shell nozzles, the minimum thickness shall be that given for
flanges in Table 5-8. Reinforced openings in the cover plates (or blind flanges) of shell nozzles shall be limited to one-half the
diameter of the nozzle. The reinforcement added to an opening may be an added pad plate or an increased thickness of the cover
plate, but in either case, the reinforcement shall provide an added reinforcing area no less than 50% of the cutout area of the open-
ing in the cover plate. Mixer nozzles may be attached to cover plates.
5.8.3.4 Openings in the cover plates of flush-type cleanout fittings shall be limited to NPS 2 pipe size in accordance with
5.8.3.1.
5.8.3.5 Shell manhole covers shall have two handles. Those covers weighing more than 34 kg (75 lb) shall be equipped with
either a hinge or davit to facilitate the handling of the manhole cover plate. The davit support arm shall not be welded directly to
the shell without a reinforcing plate.

07
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