Designing an EtherNet/IP Cable System

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Objectives
Identify an environment class Select EtherNet/IP network hardware components Select cable system components Select a network topology Select a wiring scheme Identify network and operational requirements

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EtherNet/IP Network Overview

Ethernet Network: Defacto" standard for information networks Wide range of devices from many different vendors Used in office networks and on plant floors Data easily exchanged between the plant floor and office networks

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EtherNet/IP Network Overview

EtherNet/IP (Industrial Protocol) Network: Enables interconnectivity with other networks that use CIP at the application layer

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EtherNet/IP Network Overview

CIP (Common Industrial Protocol): Enables I/O control over an EtherNet/IP network Bridges EtherNet/IP devices with devices on networks such as ControlNet and DeviceNet that also use CIP at the application layer

Tip: Standard EtherNet/IP and Ethernet CIP safety modules can communicate on the same network.

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EtherNet/IP Network Overview

OSI (Open System Interconnection) Model: Consists of seven layers Each layer uses services of layer below it and supplies higher level services to layer above it to communicate

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EtherNet/IP Network Overview

Correlating the seven layers with common protocols:
Layer Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical CIP, CSP, HTTP FTP,TELNET TCP, UDP IP Ethernet 10/100baseT, Transceiver, etc.
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Protocol

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EtherNet/IP Network Overview

Packet: Contains address(es) of destination device(s) in addition to data

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Environment Class
ODVAs Mechanical Ingress Climatic and EMC (MICE) concept:
Mechanical Shock Vibration Ingress Liquid particles Climatic Chemical Temperature Humidity EMC (Electromagnetic) Electrostatic discharge Radiated and conducted radio frequency Transients Magnetic fields

Crush Impact

Contaminants (dry and liquid) Solar radiation

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Environment Class
The MICE concept defines three distinct area or classifications: MICE 1 MICE 2 MICE 3

Tip: For further detailed information on the MICE concept, see the ODVAs EtherNet/IP Media Planning and Installation manual at http://www.odva.org.

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EtherNet/IP Network Hardware Components

Ethernet Backbone Bridge

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EtherNet/IP Network Hardware Components

Only messages between nodes on different segments pass through the bridge.

Segment A Bridge
Segment A 00BC03 . . . 00AE44 . . .

Segment B

Messages between nodes on segment A stay on segment A.

Messages between nodes on segment B stay on segment B.

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EtherNet/IP Network Hardware Components

Gateway Transceivers

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EtherNet/IP Network Hardware Components

Hub: Serves as multi-port repeater and central connection point on star topology Consumes more network bandwidth than a switch Decreases network performance
A message coming in one port will be broadcast out every other port. Hubs do not selectively route packets of information to specific devices.

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EtherNet/IP Network Hardware Components

Router:

When a message is received at the router, it refers to its routing table to determine which segment to route the message to.
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EtherNet/IP Network Hardware Components

Switch:
Incoming messages are only transmitted to desired node. Switches selectively route packets of information to specific devices.

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Switch Selection
Switches must be chosen based on their suitability to the environment. Two types of switches: Unmanaged Managed

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Switch Selection
Benefits of a managed switch: Monitor the performance of the network Set up broadcast domains Run single computers on managed switch ports

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Switch Selection
Full-Duplex Operation IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) IGMP Snooping

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Switch Selection
Port-Mirroring: Network administrator: Uses it as a diagnostic tool or debugging feature, especially when fending off an attack against the network Is able to keep close track of and alter switch performance Can manage it locally or remotely

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Switch Selection
Wire-Speed Switching Fabric Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

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Switch Selection
VLAN (Virtual (or logical) Local Area Network): Can change or add workstations Can manage load balancing and bandwidth allocation more easily than with a physical picture of the LAN:
Accounting Engineering

Production

Human Resources

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Switch Selection
With VLANs, a switch can be configured to share two isolated networks without the traffic from one network burdening the other.
Controller 1 1 VLAN 1 4 I/O 5 6 I/O I/O I/O PC 3 VLAN 2 7 8 Controller 2 2

I/O

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Switch Selection
Web Server: Computers host web sites on Internet by means of web server program. Web servers often part of larger package of Internet- and intranet-related programs for:
Serving email Downloading requests for FTP files Building and publishing web pages.

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Cable System Components

Two types of EtherNet/IP cabling: Copper Fiber optic

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Copper Cabling
Two types of copper cabling: Coaxial Twisted-Pair

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Copper Cabling
Two types of copper cabling: Shielded, balanced twisted-pair (STP/ScTP) Shielded cables should not be used in environments that are likely to have ground offsets due to electrical storms or poorly grounded buildings/installations. Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)

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Copper Cabling
Immunity to noise is influenced by the following cable design factors: Cabling category used:
CAT 5E CAT 6 CAT 6E

Measurement of balance for cables:

Transverse Conversion Loss (TCL) Equal Level Transverse Conversion Transfer Loss (ELTCTL)

Coupling attenuation of shielded cables

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Copper Cabling
Immunity to noise is influenced by the following cable design factors: Measurement of cable return loss Measurement of wire gauge at high temperatures Length of the channel Use of shield/unshielded cables Grounding and bonding of the building and equipment

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Two-Pair Cabling vs Four-Pair Cabling

Two-pair cable applications: Machine applications Flexible applications High flexible applications Elevated noise applications Four-pair cable applications: Voice, video and data Future increased traffic

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Fiber Optic Cabling

Fiber optic cable instances: High magnetic fields Applications that cannot tolerate disruptions Poorly grounded systems Outdoor applications Extreme high noise environments

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Connectors
Encapsulated 8-Way Modular Connector (RJ45)

8-way Modular Sealed Jack and Plug in a Metal Housing

8-way Modular Sealed Jack and Plug in a Plastic Housing

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Connectors
4-Pole M12 D Coded Connectors

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Connectors
Bulkhead Connectors Use bulkhead connectors sparingly because they may cause return loss failures and far-end crosstalk failures.

M12 (IP65/IP67) to IP20 8-Way Modular Connector

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Connectors
Fiber optic connector types: ST SC LC Micro FX

Sealed LC

Sealed Micro FX

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EtherNet/IP Network Topologies

Network Topology: In communication networks, usually a schematic description of the arrangement of a network:
Including nodes and connecting lines.

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EtherNet/IP Network Topologies

Bus Topology: Are used when coax media is desired

Tip: This topology is used with many existing Ethernet network architectures but it is seldom used in new architectures.

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EtherNet/IP Network Topologies

Star Topology: Best suited for environments using twisted pair and/or fiber optic wire

Tip: This is the most common topology used in EtherNet/IP network architectures.
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EtherNet/IP Network Topologies

Tree (Combination) Topology:

Tip: The tree topology should also be given careful consideration when designing an EtherNet/IP network as it effectively blends the advantages of a star and bus topology.
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Wiring Schemes
Horizontal cable segment must not exceed 100 meters or 90 meters with two 5 meter jumpers or patch cords. Three EtherNet/IP wiring schemes: Generic Wiring Scheme:
PLC Patch Cord Work Area Cord Wall Outlet (Telephone) Switch Wall Outlet (Telephone) Work Area Cord I/O

Cross Connect Horizontal Cabling

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Wiring Schemes
Semi-Modular Wiring Scheme:

PLC Work Area Cord

Switch

Automation Outlet Industrial Patch Cord Industrial Work Area Cord I/O

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Wiring Schemes
Point-To-Point Wiring Scheme:

PLC Work Area Cord

Switch

Industrial Patch Cord

I/O

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Grounding and Bonding

Methods for grounding and bonding of equipment: Star grounding Equipotential grounding

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Grounding and Bonding

Star grounds converge to one point within the building:
Conductive Path for Noise Shielded Communications Cable Enclosure #1 Enclosure #2

PE Common

Communications Common
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Grounding and Bonding

Shield Termination Method:
STP Cable DEVICE TERMINATION Earth Grounded .01 uF 500V

1 Meg

MOV

DEVICE TERMINATION

STP Cable

Earth Grounded

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Grounding and Bonding

Equipotential grounding is common in Europe:
Enclosure #1 Enclosure #2

Shielded Communications Cables

Unshielded Communications Cable

Shielded Communications Cables

Motor
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Network and Operational Requirements

Control network must be separated from the information (office) environment. Common practices: Use industrial grade media and components Minimize device load due to unwanted IP multicast traffic Minimize switch load due to unwanted IP multicast traffic Minimize network load due to unwanted incoming IP multicast or broadcast traffic Block IP multicast traffic generated within the EtherNet/IP sub-net from propagation into the plant network
(Continued)
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Network and Operational Requirements

Common practices: Block traffic, especially broadcast traffic like streaming video, from plant network from propagating to the EtherNet/IP sub-net Implement standard network troubleshooting tools Account for device limitations Obtain schematics of existing network architecture(s) and plant floor devices Predict/determine volumes of data to be used in project

(Continued)

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Network and Operational Requirements

Common practices: Obtain functional specifications and data costs of EtherNet/IP modules Obtain functional specifications and data costs of Ethernet cables, routers, and switches Verify final network media Obtain IP addresses from IT department for all current and projected Ethernet and/or EtherNet/IP devices on the EtherNet/IP network Make decisions on system implementation

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Copyright 2009 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2009 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All rights reserved.