ITU FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENG.

Finite Element Analysis in Engineering

MAK 525E

Prof. Dr. Ata MUAN
2011-2012 Spring Term
1st Homework

Okan ERYILMAZ
503101232
Q1. Solve tapered beam with a hole drilled at one end using finite element method



Boundary Conditions;

Q
1
=0, M
1
=0

Tip angular rotation;


GIp
L
1
1
1
1
|

\
|
|
.

Q
1
Q
2
|

\
|
|
|
.

M
1
M
2
|

\
|
|
|
.
:=
GIp
L
1
1
1
1
|

\
|
|
.

Q
1
Q
2
|

\
|
|
|
.

GIp
L
1
1
1
1
|

\
|
|
.

Q
1
Q
2
|

\
|
|
|
.

I
p
(z):

*1mm length of shaft is divided 3pieces. So, 2500(tip point of shaft ) is equal to 7500 in the graph.

t(z):


Q2.Solve the planar truss system using the finite element
FEM CODE
% clear memory
clear all

% E; modulus of elasticity
% A: area of cross section
% L: length of bar

E=200000; A=200; EA=E*A;

% generation of coordinates and connectivities

elementNodes=[1 2;1 3;2 3;2 4;3 4;4 5;3 5;3 6;6 5;5 7;6 7;8 7;6 8];

nodeCoordinates=[0 0;0 300;300 300;300 600;600 600;900 300; 900 600;1200 300];
numberElements=size(elementNodes,1);
numberNodes=size(nodeCoordinates,1);

xx=nodeCoordinates(:,1);
yy=nodeCoordinates(:,2);

% for structure:
% displacements: displacement vector
% force: force vector
% stiffness: stiffness matrix

GDof=2*numberNodes;

% GDof: total number of degrees of freedom

displacements=zeros(GDof,1);
force=zeros(GDof,1);

% applied load at node 5,6 and 7

force(10)=-10000;
force(13)=10000;
force(12)=-20000;

% computation of the system stiffness matrix

stiffness=zeros(GDof);

for e=1:numberElements;

% elementDof: element degrees of freedom (Dof)

indice=elementNodes(e,:);

elementDof=[ indice(1)*2-1 indice(1)*2 indice(2)*2-1 indice(2)*2] ;

xa=xx(indice(2))-xx(indice(1));

ya=yy(indice(2))-yy(indice(1));

length_element=sqrt(xa*xa+ya*ya);

C=xa/length_element;

S=ya/length_element;

k1=EA/length_element*[C*C C*S -C*C -C*S; C*S S*S -C*S -S*S; -C*C -C*S C*C C*S;-C*S -S*S C*S
S*S];

if e==8

elmThirdStiff=k1;

elseif e==9

elmSecondStiff=k1;

elseif e==10

elmFirstStiff=k1;

end


stiffness(elementDof,elementDof)=stiffness(elementDof,elementDof)+k1;

end


% boundary conditions and solution

prescribedDof=[1 2 15 16];

% function to find solution in terms of global displacements

activeDof=setdiff([1:GDof], [prescribedDof]);

U=stiffness(activeDof,activeDof)\force(activeDof);

displacements=zeros(GDof,1);

displacements(activeDof)=U;






% stresses at elements

for e=1:numberElements

indice=elementNodes(e,:);

elementDof=[ indice(1)*2-1 indice(1)*2 indice(2)*2-1 indice(2)*2] ;

xa=xx(indice(2))-xx(indice(1));

ya=yy(indice(2))-yy(indice(1));

length_element=sqrt(xa*xa+ya*ya);

C=xa/length_element;

S=ya/length_element;

sigma(e)=E/length_element*[-C -S C S]*displacements(elementDof);

end

disp('stresses')

sigma

% output of displacements and reactions in tabular form
% GDof: total number of degrees of freedom of the problem

% displacements

disp('Displacements')

%displacements=displacements1;

jj=1:GDof; format
[jj' displacements]

% reactions

F=stiffness*displacements;
reactions=F(prescribedDof);
disp('reactions')









Displacements
n1 0
n2 0
n3 -0,03841
n4 -0,00576
n5 -0,03265
n6 -0,15775
n7 0,091517
n8 -0,15199
n9 0,085755
n10 -0,48286
n11 -0,0096
n12 -0,57278
n13 0,008834
n14 -0,42086
n15 0
n16 0

Reactions
R1x 8975,652
R1y 9743,913
R2x -18975,7
R2y 20256,09


Stresses

2 -3,84131
3 -63,4674
4 3,841306
5 -5,43243
6 3,841306
7 -3,84131
8 -68,8999
9 7,682612
10 -1,81081
11 -51,2804
12 101,2804
13 -143,232
14 6,402177




Element stiffness matrices;

Element1:
133333,3 0
0 0
-133333 0
0 0

Element2:
47140,45 -47140,5 -47140,5 47140,45
-47140,5 47140,45 47140,45 -47140,5
-47140,5 47140,45 47140,45 -47140,5
47140,45 -47140,5 -47140,5 47140,45

Element3:
66666,67 0 -66666,7 0
0 0 0 0
-66666,7 0 66666,67 0
0 0 0 0