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]]xif&Sm;aom jrefrmEdkifiHwdkif;&if;om;vlrsdK;rsm;jzpfonfh ]wdAuf-jrefrm} tEG,f0ifrsm;ESihf ]xdkif;-wkwf}wdkU v,f,mpdkufysdK;
xGef,ufvkyfudkif&ef ajrqDMoZmtvGefaumif;rGefaom jrefrmhjrpf0uRef;ay:a'orsm;odkU csif;eif;0ifa&muftajccsaexdkifvmaomtcg
urmUta&SUESihftaemuf yifv,fa&aMumif; ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief;wGif wbufurf;a&mufatmif uRrf;usifaeNyDjzpfaom tm&Af
ukefonfwdkUonfvnf; tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifa'owGif tajccsaexdkif&ef ESpfNcdKufoabmuscJhonf/ xdkpOfu a'ocHtkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&m
t&yfvlBuD;wdkUonfvnf; tm&Afukefonfrsm;? ppfa&;uRrf;usifolrsm;tm; 0rf;omtm;& vufcHBudKqdkcJhonf/
tm&AfvlrsdK;rsm;tm; tjrifhqHk;&mxl;&mcHrsm; csD;jrifhay;cJhonfhtjyif a'ocHtrsdK;orD;rsm;ESihfvnf; xdrf;jrm;vufxyfcGifhay;
cJhonf/ xdktcsdefrSpwif a&TUajymif;tajccsaexdkifvmol tm&AfvlrsdK;wdkUonf tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifwGif tpvmrfomoemjyK vkyfief;
rsm;udk tm;oGefcGefpdkufaqmif&GufcJhNyD; 4if;rSwqihf tm&AfwdkU\ tpvmrfomoemjyKvkyfief;onf jrefrmEdkifiHtwGif;bufodkUvnf; ul;
pufus,fjyefUvmcJhonf/ rsm;jym;vSpGmaom tpvmrfhomoedutaqmuftOD;ESihf bmoma&;qdkif&m txdrf;trSwftaqmuftOD;
rsm;pGmudk tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifa'otESHUtjym;wGif ,aeUwdkif txift&Sm;awGUjrifEdkifonf/}} trfat . *zg(&f)
tvm[f&SifjrwfxHawmfrS tpvmrfbmoma&;qdkif&m ynwfcsuftm; wrefawmfrdk[rwftay:odkU ydkUcsawmfrlcJhonf/ ESpfb0
ocifaus;Zl;&Sif wrefawmfrdk[rwf(b)tyf'kvmonf at'D 570 wGif rumNrdKU zGm;jrifcJhonf/ rdk[rwf\zcif tyf'kvmonf
wrefawmf rarG;zGm;cif aoqHk;cJhonf/ rdk[rwf\tzdk; ]tyf'kvfrdkwvd(bf)}onf tpyxrwGif wrefawmftm; xdef;odrf;apmihf
a&SmufcJhonf/ wrefawmf\tzdk; aoqHk;NyD;aemuf olonf olUOD;av; (tazbuf) tmblwvd(bf)vufatmuf BuD;jyif;cJh&onf/
OD;av;vnf; wrefawmfrdk[rwftay: tvGefoHa,mZOfBuD;NyD; cspfjrwfEdk;aomaMumihf ol\vdktyfcsuft00udk ulnDapmihfa&Smufay;
cJhonf/ OD;av;tmblwvd(bf)onf atmifjrifaomukefonfBuD;wpfOD; jzpfonfhtm;avQmfpGm rdk[rwfonfvnf; OD;av;ESihftwl xdkpOf
u ukefonfvrf;aMumif;jzpfonfh ]rum-qD;&D;,m;} uEm&c&D;pOfjzihf tNrJvdkufygcJhonf/ rdk[rwftouf(25)ESpfwGif olUxuft
ouftvGefBuD;aom ]cwDZm(40)ESpf}ESihf tdrfaxmifjyKcJhonf/ olronf tvGefcsrf;om<u,f0aom trsdK;orD;wpfOD;jzpfonf/ rdk[rwf
onf ]cwDZm}ESihf tdrfaxmifjyKNyD; rumNrdKUolNrdKUom;rsm;tMum; *kPf&Sdefa&mif0gxGef;um;cJhonf/
rdk[rwfonf e*dkuyif dk;om;ajzmifhrwfolwpfOD;jzpfaomaMumihf rumNrdKUolNrdKUom;rsm;u olUudk ]tvftmrdef} ac: tvGef
pdwfcs,HkMunf&aomoltjzpf trTef;wifajymvmcJhonf/ rdk[rwfonf touf (40)ESpft&G,f rumNrdKUESihf tvGefra0;vSaom ][D&m;}
[kac:qdkonfh vIdif*l usifh0wfjyKaepOf ]tvm[l&Sifjrwf}xHrS rdk[rwftay: Prophethood (c)wrefawmfjzpfrnfh trdefUawmf
udk vufcH&&SdcJhonf/ wrefawmfrdk[rwfonf tpvmrfomoemawmf\ ynwfcsuf? rdefUrSmcsufrsm;udk ESpfaygif;(23)ESpfwdkifatmif
vrf;TefoifMum;ay;cJhNyD; touf(63)ESpft&G,f at'D 632 wGif ruma&TNrdKUawmfESihf rdkif(200)rQa0;uGmaom 'Yathrib, AlMadinah'NrdKUwGif aoqHk;cJhonf/ wrefawmfrdk[rwf vrf;TefoifMum;ay;cJhaom tpvmrfomoemawmfonf tvGefuspfvpfcdkifrm
tiftm;aumif;rGefrIaMumihf 4if;omoemawmfonf ESpf(100)twGif; urmUta&SUtaemufa'o&Sd EdkifiHtESHUtjym;odkU omoema&mif0g
xGef;um;cJhonf/

tpvmrfomoema&mif0g xGef;um;pumvuyif tm&AfEdkifiHrsm;rS a&muf&Sdvmaom tm&Afppfonf? ppfom;rsm;? oabFm

om;rsm;? ukefonfrsm;ESihf omoemjyKolrsm; tOD;qHk;a&muf&Sdvmaom tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifa'o&Sd qdyfurf;NrdKUrsm;rSwqihf tpvmrf
omoem a&muf&SdvmcJhonf/ tm&AfwdkUonf e*dkuyif pD;yGm;ukeful;oef;a&mif;0,fazgufum;a&;udk cHkrifolrsm;jzpfay&m olwdkUonf
pD;yGm;a&;t&vnf;aumif;? ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;t&vnf;aumif;? omoemjyKa&;twGufvnf;aumif; wpfEdkifiHrSwpfEdkifiHodkU tpOfo
jzihf ul;vl;qufoG,frIrsm;&SdcJhonf/ at'D (8) &mpkwGif jrefrmEdkifiHonf 4if;rSxGuf&Sdaom toifhukefypnf;rsm;twGuf EdkifiHjcm;om;
rsm;tBudKufawGU&Sdaom aps;uGufjzpfcJhonf/ xdkUaMumihfyif tm&AfukefonfwdkUonfvnf; xdkpOfu ukefypnf;csif;zvS,faom pepf\
tusdK;aus;Zl;aMumihf jrefrmEdkifiHrS xGufukefypnf;rsm;udk olwdkUESihftoifhygvmaom ypnf;rsm;jzihf ukefypnf;zvS,fjcif;jzihf pD;yGm;
jzpfcJhMuonf/ tm&AfwdkUonf xdkuJhodkU ukeful;oef;a&mif;0,f&ef tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifa'o&Sd qdyfurf;NrdKUrsm;udk toHk;jyKcJhonf/
tm&AfwdkUonf ul;oef;a&mif;0,fonfh ukefonfBuD;rsm;jzpfonfhtm;avQmfpGm olwdkUonf yifv,fa&aMumif;c&D;oGm;vkyfief;
udk uRrf;usifonfhtavQmuf urmUta&SUzsm;ESihf taemufbufjcrf;&Sd a'orsm;pGmwdkUwGif tppt&m&m cs,fvS,fEdkifcJhonf/ tm&Af
wdkUonf at'D(8)&mpkESihf at'D(16)&mpkMum; umvwpf0dkuf urmUta&SUzsm;a'orsm;wGif uRrf;usifusifvnfaeonfhtavsmuf olwdkU
onf tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifa'oeSihf ywfoufvnf;aumif;? atmufjrefrmjynf jrpf0uRef;ay:a'oESihf ywfoufvnf;aumif; t
aumif;owif; Mum;xm;olrsm;jzpfonfhtjyif 4if;ae&ma'oodkUvnf; tacgufacguftcgcg a&mufcJhbl;olrsm; jzpfcJhMuonf/ at'D
(8)&mpkESihf (16)&mpkMum;umvwGif tm&AfwdkU\ MoZmt&Sdeft0gBuD;rm;cJhoavmuf olwdkUonf yg&Sefyifv,fauGU (,cktm&Afyif
v,fauGU)? wkwfESihf tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifa'owdkU tm;vHk;vdkvdktm; tqifajyajy xdef;csKyfEdkifcJhonf/ xdktcsdeftawmtwGif; tm&Af
wdkUonf jrefrmEdkifiHtm; tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifa'oESihf atmufjrefrmjynf jrpf0uRef;ay:a'orsm;tjzpfESihfom oduRrf;cJhonf/ tm&AfwdkU
onf tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifESihf atmufjrefrmjynftm; ]&m([f)rm} (Nidrf;csrf;om,mjcif;)a'otjzpf todtrSwfjyKcJhonf/
tm&AfwdkUonf jrefrmhxGufukefjzpfaom 0g? 0g*Grf;? tarT;trQif&Snfaom wdAufEGm;wpfrsdK;\ tNrD;rsm;? uwDyg? opf0wK
ypnf;rsm;? &Sm;apmif;vufyyfyif? ajymif;zl;? BuHUcsdK? ausmufoHywjrm;? a&T?aiGESihf tjcm;wefzdk;&Sdaom owKypnf;rsm;ESihf ausmufwHk;
rsm;udk a&mif;0,fazgufum;cJhonf/
aAGomvD(a0omvD)rif;quf ]r[mpE&m;} rif; eef;wufpOfumv at'D 788 wGif &rf;NAJuRef;wpf0dkuf rsm;jym;vSpGmaom
ukefonfoabFmrsm; ysufcJhonf/ oabFmom;rsm;onf tm&AfwdkUjzpfMuonf/ tm&AfoabFmysufwdkUtm; oufqdkif&mrS tm(&f)um(ef)
ukef;wGif;ydkif;a'orsm;wGif tajccsaexdkifapcJhonf/ tm&AftajccsaexdkifolwdkUonf a'ocHtrsdK;orD;rsm;ESihf cspfouf0if tdrfaxmif
jyKcJhMuNyD; a'ocHrsm;ESihf a&maESmpGm aexdkifcJhMuonf/ tm&AfwdkU tdrfaxmifonfbufrS arG;zGm;vmaom aoG;aESma'ocHwdkUonfvnf;
tpvmrfomoem0ifrsm; jzpfvmcJhonf/ tm&AfwdkUonf yifv,fc&D;oGm; ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;vkyfief;udk xm0&pGefUvTwfcJhNyD; rdrdwdkU
tdrfaxmifom;r,m;rsm;ESihf tdk;ruGmtdrfruGm v,f,mpdkufysdK;a&;vkyfief;rsm;wGifom pGJNrJpGmvkyfudkifcJhonf/ xdktcsdefrSp tm&AfwdkU
onf AvDrsm;pGm wnfaqmufcJhNyD; tpvmrfomoemjyKvkyfief;udk pwifcJhavonf/
ppfa&;uRrf;usifNyD; tpvmrfomoemjyKvkyfief;udkvnf; tm;oGefcGefpdkufaqmif&GufcJhaom ]rdk[r'f[medzf}qdkolonf at'D
680wGif tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifajrmufbuf awmwGif;a'owGif xdkpOfuaexdkifaom vltdkif;pdkif; (cannibals)wkdU\bk&ifr (koyap
uri) tay:ppfatmifEdkifcJhonf/ olrESihfolrtaygif;tygtm;vHk;wdkUonf tpvmrfomoemhabmif;twGif;odkU 0ifa&mufcJhavonf/
][medzf}onf olrtm; tdrfaxmifjyKcJhonf/ ]]tmrd&f[rfZm;}}onfvnf; xdkpOfu bl;oD;awmife,fwpf0dkuf&Sd ]]Kalapanzin}} [k
trnf&Sdaom a'owpf0dkufwGif rif;rlaeaombk&if ]]Gaulongyi}}tm; tpvmrfomoemtwGif; pnf;Hk;odrf;oGif;EdkifcJhonf/ ]tmrd&f
[rfZm;}onf tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifa'o wpfckvHk;udkvnf; ppfatmifEdkifcJhonf/ odkUaomf bef*g(vf)(c)b*Fvm;a'orS a&muf&Sdvmaom
[dELrsm; rsm;jym;aomaMumihf aemufqHk;wGif ]tmrd&f[rfZm;} xHrS [dELwdkU\ e*dkbk&ifhEdkifiHudk jyefvnfodrf;,lEdkifcJhonf/ 4if;tcsdef

wGif tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifa'oonf tapmydkif;[dELvlrsdK;ESihf 4if;wdkU\ bk&ifrsm;rif;rlcJhaoma'ojzpfcJhNyD; &cdkifAk'bmomvlrsdK;ESihf

ArmAk'bmomvlrsdK;[l teHUtoufawmif r&SdcJhaoma'ojzpfcJhonf/
yg&Sef(,cktD&ef)vlrsdK;wdkUonfvnf; tm&AfwdkU\ajc&meif;cJhonf/ yg&SefvlrsdK;wdkUonf tpvmrfomoemawmfudk o,f
aqmifvmcJhNyD; a'ocHta&mtaESmvlrsdK; (tm&AfESihf tapmydkif;[dEL)wdkUESihf tdrfaxmifjyKNyD; omoema&mif0gxGef;um;a&;twGuf t
pOfBudK;yrf;cJhonf/ xdkUaMumihf tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifa'owGif tpvmrfomoemonf a'ocHvlrsdK;wdkU\ vGwfvyfpGmBudKqdkaomudk;
uG,f&m bmomomoemjzpfvmaomaMumihf tpvmrfomoem0ifonfvnf; w[kefxdk; wdk;wufrsm;jym;vmcJhonf/
tpvmrf,Ofaus;rIudk uGJjym;pGm odomxif&Sm;aom IaxmihftrsdK;rsdK;jzihf odjrifEdkifonf/ 4if;onfvnf; uGJjym;jcm;em;aom
taMumif;t&m jzpfdk;jzpfpOfaMumihf jzpfay:vm&jcif;jzpfonf/ tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifjynfwGif a&muf&SdvmcJhaom tm&AfESihf yg&SefwdkUonf
a&S;,cifuyif BuD;xGm;&SifoefcJhaom tpvmrf,Ofaus;rIESihf IaxmifhpHkrS vHk;0qefUusifonfh ,Ofaus;rIBuD;udk jzwfoef;ausmfvTm;
vmcJhaomvlrsdK;rsm;jzpfonf/ 10&mpkrwdkifrDu tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifonf tdEd,vlrsdK;rsm; aexdkifaomae&mjzpfcJhNyD; aexdkifaomvlrsdK;
rsm;onfvnf; [dELrsm;omjzpf b*Fvm;wGif aexdkifaomvlrsdK;rsm;ESihf cyfqifqifwlonf/ (Before the 10th century
A.D. Arakan was an Indian Land, the inhabitants of whcih were Hindus similar to those of
Bengal). tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifa'o tapmydkif;[dELvlrsdK;wdkUonf tvGefawG;awm pOf;pm;qifjcif ydkif;jcm;wwfolrsm;jzpfonf/ odkU&m

wGif tdEd,EdkifiHwGif zGHUNzdK;BuD;xGm;aeaom [dELt,l0g'wdkU\ xHk;wrf;tpOftvmwpfckuJhodkU jzpfaeaom Zmwfedrhf? Zmwfjrifh cGJjcm;

qufqHwwfaom vlrItusihfpdkufqdk;aMumihf tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifa'o&Sd tapmydkif;[dELwdkU\ vlrIb0ul;vl; qufqHa&;toD;oD;wGif
vnf; Zmwfedrfh? ZmwfjrifhcGJjcm;wwfonfh pepf&SdcJhonfrSm ,HkrSm;oHo,jzpfzG,f tvsif;r&Sday/ 4if;pepfqdk;aMumihf Zmwfedrfh[dELrsm;
wef;wltcGihfta&; tjynfht0r&&SdcJhay/ jA[refwdkU\ MoZmt&Sdeft0gonfvnf; xdkvlrIpepftay: rw&m;vTrf;rdk;cs,fvS,fjcif;ESihf
&ufpufMurf;MuKwfjcif;rsm; tpOfzHk;vTrf;cJhonf/ olwkdU(Brahmams)onf bmoma&;ESihfywfouf pdwfBudKuftawGUqHk; oabm
tjrifwdkUudk tNrJaxmufcH ouf0ifapcJhojzihf ZmwfedrfhZmwfjrihf cGJjcm;qufqHaom vlrIe,fy,ftodkif;t0ef;onf usOf;oxufusOf;
ajrmif;vmNyD; tajctaevnf; qdk;oxufqdk;0g;vmcJhonf/ xdkUaMumihf jA[rmef (Brahmams)0g'DwkdUomvQif oD;oD;oefUoefU
xdef;csKyfxm;Edkifaom bmoma&;ausmif;awmf0g'rsm; ay:aygufvmcJhonf/ olwdkUonf ZmwfedrfholESifhZmwf jrihfolrsm;Mum; uGm[rI
us,fjyefUapcJhonf/ ZmwfedrfhZmwfjrihf tqihfay:rlwnfNyD; ynmoif,lqnf;yl;cGihfESihf tvkyftudkif&&SdEkdifrI tcGihftvrf;rsm;udk owf
rSwfydkif;jcm;ay;onf/ Zmwfedrfhvlwef;pm; (the society of the inferior classes) rsm;\b0uHMurm tvSnhftajymif;
tm;vHk;onfvnf; rw&m;pdk;rdk;cs,fvS,faom Zmwfjrihfvlwef;pm;wdkU\ vuf0,fwGifom&Sdonf/ 4if;tjyif Zmwfedrfhvlwef;pm;wdkU
b0wdk;wufajymif;vJa&; BudK;yrf;tm;xkwfrI[lorQudkvnf; ZmwfjrihfwdkU tNrJwmqD;ydwfyifcJhonf/
tpvmrfomoemawmfonf uGJjym;jcm;em;pGm qufqHjcif;udk vHk;0vufrcHay/ 4if;tpvmrfomoemawmf\ t&nftcsif;
onf bmomomoemwpfcktwGif; ZmwfedrfhZmwfjrihf qufqHjcif;cHae&aom Zmwfedrfh[dELvlrsdK;wdkUtwGuf tpvmrfomoemawmfu
ay;tyfxm;aomvGwfvyfjcif;? omwlnDrQrI&Sdjcif;? vlrItcGihft&;rsm; wef;wl&nfwl&Sdaejcif;? vGwfvyfpGm pD;yGm;vkyfydkifcGihfESihfvlrIb0
zGHUNzdK;a&;twGuf rdrdudk,fpGrf;&SdorQ vkyfydkifcGihfrsm;&Sdaeonfudk [dELZmwfedrfhrsm;twGuf tm;wufp&m? pdwf0ifpm;p&m jzpfcJhonf/
olwkdUtwGuf aumif;uifbHkrS Mu,fwm&m qGwfcl;&&SdouJhodkU arQmfvihfjcif;a&mifjcnfrsm; xGef;vif;awmufycJhonf/ xdkodkU
tarSmifxktwdvTrf;rdk;aeaom tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifa'owGif vlrIb0t00 wef;wl&nfwl&SdNyD; om,m0ajymaom vlUabmifopfwpfck
wnfaqmufa&;twGuf tm;wufoa&m BudK;yrf;aqmif&Gufolrsm;rSm 'Mohamed Hanif, Amir Hamza, Badar Shah,
Babejee Shah, Haidar Ali Shah, Nurullah Shah, Afzal Shah, Gulmul Shah, Sikandar Shah,
Kalasee Meah Shah, Hussain Shah' wdkUjzpfMuonf/ txufaz:jyyg yk*dKvfausmfwdkUonf pGefUypfjcif;ESihf

OayumjyKjcif;cH&aom Zmwfedrfh[dELrsm;twGuf tpvmrfomoemawmf\ vrf;TefrIjzpfonfh Allah twGuf pnf;vHk;nDGwfjcif;?

vlom;tm;vHk; omwlnDrQjzpfNyD; cspfjcif;nDtudkyrmjzpfonf[laom jrihfjrwfonfh tpvmrfht,l0g'wdkUonf vlUb0topfwpfck
wnfaqmufa&;twGuf r[mtcGihfta&;ESihf arQmfvihfjcif;a&mifjcnfopfrsm; jzpfcJhMuonf/ xdkUtjyif 4if;wkdUonf omoema[mif;udk
pGefUvTwfNyD; tpvmrfomoemabmiftwGif; 0ifa&mufvmolrsm;twGuf vlrIzlvHka&;toif;tzGJUtpnf;rsm; zGJUpnf;um vlrIb0zGUHNzdK;
wdk;wufa&;vkyfief;rsm;udk tcrJhulnDyHUydk;aqmif&Gufay;cJhonfhtjyif tdrfa&SUrif;om;ESihf v,form;wdkUonf pvm(of)0wfjyK&mwGif
wpfcsdefwnf;wpfae&mwnf;ESihf wpfaygif;wnf; pkaygif;0wfjyKvmcJhMuonf/ olwdkUtm;vHk;onf nDwlnDrQjzpfNyD; tvm([f)a&SUarSmuf
(odkU) tvm([f)tdrfawmfwGif wef;wlnDwlnDrQomjzpfonf/ urmay:&Sd tom;ta&miftrsdK;rsdK;? vlrsdK;pktaxGaxG? rsdK;dk;t& vlwef;
pm;tjzmjzm? ,HkMunfudk;uG,frItrsdK;rsdK;? csrf;omjcif;? qif;&Jjcif;jzihf &mxl;XmeE&tqihftwef;trsdK;rsdK;tm;vHk;wdkUonf tpvmrfh
omoemabmiftwGif; wom;wnf;tjzpfwnf&SdaeNyD; tpvmrfuvGJ tjcm;rnfonfh(institution)tzGJUtpnf;rSmrQ uJhodkU
rawGU&Sd&ay/ vlom;tm;vHk; wpfckwnf;omjzpfonf[laom (all humanity is one) t,ltqonf tpvmrfomoemwpfck
wnf;rSmomawGU&rnfjzpfonf/

10&mpkaESmif;ydkif;umvwGif tpvmrfomoemonf ]]tmoH}} urf;ajcrSwqihf rav;&Sm;(Malaya)odkU w[kefxdk;jyefUESHU

oGm;cJhNyD; tm(&f)um(ef)&cdkifa'oweHwvsm;wGifvnf; pdrfh0ifxdk;azmufcJhonf/ om"utm;jzihf xl;qef;aomAvDjzpfonfh Akyab
(ppfawG)rD;yGdKifhteD;&Sd ]Badarmokan} (tay:yHk) AvDudk MunhfIjcif;jzihf odomEdkifonf/ a'ocHvlrsdK;bmomra&G; ]Badarmokan} AvDudk txl;Munfdkav;pm;NyD; tcgrvyf 0ifa&mufzl;arQmfaeolrsm;udkvnf; ,ckwdkif txif&Sm;awGU&SdEdkifonf/
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Ahmed Qazi

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jrwfcdkif(&Gufopf)
10.2.2009