NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, WARANGAL DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

ASSIGNMENT-I October 2011 ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

1 Discuss in detail about the hydration of cement giving the reactions involved in the hydration of the main compounds in Portland Cement. Discuss the ill effects of calcium hydroxide and Tri-Calcium Aluminate, highlighting the Ettringite formation. Discuss briefly the formation of Gel water, bound water, pore water and capillary water. Identify any three congenital defects in construction you notice in your day to day life let it be due to faulty materials, improper planning or design, maintenance or subsequent deterioration because of age and suggest the possible reasons for deterioration. Dont quote the same examples as discussed in the class. A police house building is a G+3 storied with 40 independent quarters in this building. It was noticed recently that there was extensive cracking and spalling of concrete in beams, slabs, sunshades, stair cases and chajjas. At some places there were brown patches. Minor crazing was observed on plastering on all the faces and there was pattern/map cracking. There was leaching, cracking and splitting of the reinforcement with major cracks noted underneath and along the longitudinal reinforcement direction. What do you think are the various causes involved in such a distress? Give all the relevant chemical equations involved in the process. Write briefly about segregation, bleeding and Laitance in concrete. How are bleeding in concrete and setting time of concrete measured? What do you understand by compaction? What are the different methods of compacting concrete? Explain the different methods of compaction of concrete. What is the importance of curing of concrete? Explain all the different methods of curing of concrete. Identify some of the major causes for distress of concrete structures. Highlight the carbonation, sulphate attack, chloride attack, acid attack and Alkali Aggregate Reaction. A building was constructed in 1995. It was inspected in 2008. It is a G+2 storied building with spread foundation. There were 40 independent quarters in this building. It was noticed recently that there was extensive cracking and spalling of concrete in beams, slabs, sunshades, stair cases and chajjas. At some places there was corrosion of reinforcement. Minor crazing observed on plastering on all the faces. There was map cracking in concrete, leaching. Upon examination of aggregate in some places it was noticed that there was it was What do you suggest to be done with this building as a concrete engineer? Discuss the durability aspects of concrete structures as given in the IS 456-2000. Suggest an ideal material for application in mass and low cost housing. Write in detail about the material highlighting the behaviour of this material, the different stages of construction. Also highlight in detail the various other applications of this Ferrocement composite. What do you understand by compaction? What are the different methods of compacting concrete? Explain the different methods of compaction of concrete. A building was constructed in 1995. It was inspected in 2008. It is a G+2 storied building with spread foundation. There were 40 independent quarters in this building. It was noticed recently that there was extensive cracking and spalling of concrete in beams, slabs, sunshades, stair cases and chajjas. At some places there was corrosion of reinforcement. Minor crazing observed on plastering on all the faces. Severe seepage in most of the roofs and walls. Structure was out of plumb. The water pipes were cut mid way. Highlight the carbonation and corrosion aspects their causes and effects. Give the reactions involved. What do you suggest to be done with this building as a concrete engineer?

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