Acetobacter -obligate aerobe -nitrogen fixing -plant endophyte Glucanobacter -gram-negative -obligate aerobe Acetic Acid bacteria: used

in food bec it has a capacity to oxidize ethanol and is resistant on acetic acid Vinegar-orleans, trickling generator, submerged generators Sorbose-starting material for commercial vitamin C production Production of pure cellulose by acetic acid bacteria-gram negative Glucanobacter oxydansbioconversion of glycerol to 1,3propanediol Clostridium -looks like candy spinkles wih purple color -petrichous if motile (flagella on its body) -gram positive -anaerobic: fermentation ABE fermentation -ABE process/ Weizmann process -high feedstock costs and low butanol concentration -butanol(potential as biofuel)-higher energy than ethanol

-perfringen, difficili, tetani, BOTULINUM -botulinum toxin Lactobacillus -gram-positive rods -non sporulating -facultative anaerobe or microaerobes -usually in long chains -vagina, fermented types of food (yougurt, cheese, beer), probiotics, anti-cancer and tumor activities Lactococcus -gram-positive -non-motile cocci -catalase-negative -single, sometimes in pairs or chains -dairy industry -used in producing proteins that are used in the food industry, used in producing mucosal vaccines, prevents production of spoilage bacteria Lactic Acid Bacteria -associated with plant and animal matter, animar oral cavities and intestines -part of the normal human gut microflora -physical and chemical therapeutic effects -undergoes acidification process (lowers carb and pH level, changes texture of food, self-limiting)

-Lactococcus lactis-by product of energy production through milk fermentation w/c is then used to form curds for cheese prod Corynnebacterium -aerobic/facultative anaerobic -halotolerant -biotin-requiring -catalase positive -chemoorganotroph -industrial synthesis -cheese aging -bioconversion of steroids -hydrocarbon degradation -production of xylitol -contact lens Streptomyces -filamentous, aerobic spore formers -have high g+c content in their DNA like corrynebacterium -scandium-increases antibiotic production of Streptomyces species in low amounts; minimize production of ppGpp in the ribosome -Amphotericin B- anti-fungal; -Tetracycline production- polyketide antibiotic; protein synthesis inhibitor; treat many bacterial infections; treat acne and reduce number of deaths from cholera -participate in the decomposition of various complex compound using them as carbon and energy sources

-lytic enzymes -keratinaseRalstonia -gram-negative -free living in nature -aerobic Alcaligenes -gram-negative -aerobic -soil and aquatic environments -found in respiratory tract with those who have cystic fibrosis Both -enzymes, fuel and industrial chemicals -