Mentall Heallth & Sociiall Care Current Awareness Bulllletiin Menta Hea th & Soc a Care Current Awareness Bu et n

No 340 No 340

h March 26ttth 2012 March 26 h 2012

The Mental Health & Social Care Current Awareness Bulletin is produced at Essex Public Health Resource Unit
on behalf of the

East of England Health Libraries Network: EoEHLN

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Research Research
Addictions Anxiety Dementia Depression Dual Diagnosis Eating Disorders Forensic Psychiatry

National News International News

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Learning Disabilities

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Nursing Research O/C Disorders

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Occupational Therapy Post Traumatic Stress Psychology Schizophrenia

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Social Work

For further information on the bulletin contact: mary.edmans@nhs.net

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CONTENT CONTENT
News from all corners of the world

Department of Health

Top tips for mental health use efficiency schemes

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National News

Greater Manchester's 10m youth mental health centre plan A NHS Trust has revealed plans to build a 10m centre to help young people with mental health problems in Greater Manchester County to privatise child mental health services Child and adolescent mental health services and short breaks for disabled children are among the children's services a local NHS authority is due to privatise Overhaul personal budgets for older people, says Adass Personal budgets must be overhauled to ensure older people, particularly those with dementia, can benefit from them, the Association of Directors of Adult Social Services said today Missed and rushed care visits place elderly at risk Older people are being put at serious risk from missed and rushed home care visits, an investigation by Which? has found Low staffing levels 'harms elderly care' The care of the elderly is being compromised in UK hospitals because there are too few nurses, according to the Royal College of Nursing Dilnot assessment plans risk bureaucracy for social workers Dilnot commission plans to overhaul social care assessments and eligibility risk loading extra bureaucracy on to social workers without delivering on their promise of fairer access to care Tax credit u-turn for families with disabled children Families with disabled children will be exempt from changes to working tax credits after a government u-turn on the issue ahead of today's budget Dementia research is desperately underfunded, says Alzheimers Research UK Alzheimers Research UK has called for the Government to invest more in dementia research. The Thomson Reuters report Defeating Dementia, commissioned by Alzheimers Research UK, says that finding a cure can be accelerated by increasing the number of dementia researchers and investment Government awards 240,000 to child mental health charity
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A charity providing mental health services in schools is to use a government grant of more than 240,000 to test and develop approaches to improving children and families' health and wellbeing Minimum alcohol price planned for England and Wales The government is proposing a minimum price of 40p per unit of alcohol in England and Wales in an effort to stamp out binge drinking RCN welcome for alcohol pricing plans The Royal College of Nursing today supported government plans to introduce a minimum unit price in a bid to combat the widespread health and social effects of excessive alcohol consumption Fear over plans to privatise child mental health service Richard Branson's Virgin Care is among the bidders to run one English county's child mental health services, sparking concern that vital social care expertise could be los Social care frozen out of integrated care schemes with NHS Social care professionals were 'marginal' to flagship government pilots designed to integrate support for people with long-term conditions, an evaluation has concluded Safeguarding threshold 'risks leaving adults unprotected' Adult protection legislation risks leaving people unprotected by setting too high a threshold for intervention, a safeguarding expert has warned Report reveals disparity in care for disabled Five primary care trusts claim there are no disabled children living in their area, despite an estimated one in 20 under-16s having a disability

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International News

Concern growing over synthetic marijuana Three U.S. teenagers ended up in the emergency department with altered mental states and seriously elevated heart rates after smoking synthetic marijuana, doctors say in a new report that adds to earlier evidence the popular drug can be dangerous Book Sheds New Light On Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder And Its Often Devastating Aftermath A new book by a University of New Hampshire researcher and Vietnam-era disabled veteran sheds new light on the long-term psychological trauma experienced by the coalition force in recent wars in the Gulf and Balkans that, when left untreated, can have deadly consequences Diagnosis Of ADHD On The Rise The number of American children leaving doctors' offices with an attention deficit hyperactivity disord diagnosis has risen 66 percent in 10 years, according to a new Northwestern Medicine
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study Army reviewing traumatic stress diagnostic practices The U.S. Army has started a system-wide review to ensure its mental healthcare facilities are not engaging in the unacceptable" practice of considering treatment costs in making a diagnosis, Army Secretary John McHugh told a U.S. Senate hearing on Wednesday

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RESEARCH RESEARCH

Communication Can Ease Mental Health Burden of Deaf Use of medically skilled interpreters, health care providers who can sign, improves care New Physiological Target For Various Aspects Of Neuropsychiatric Diseases What characterizes many people with depression, schizophrenia and some other mental illnesses is anhedonia: an inability to gain pleasure from normally pleasurable experiences

Addictions
Substance abuse, alcoholism,

Problems Transferring New Knowledge To New Contexts Experienced By AlcoholDependent Individuals Chronic and excessive drinking is associated with structural, physiological, and functional changes in multiple regions of the human brain, including the prefrontal cortex, the medial temporal lobe, as well as structures of the brain's reward system Among Alcohol-Dependent Inpatients, Childhood Trauma Exposure Is Very Common Accumulating evidence indicates that childhood trauma experience may be an environmental susceptibility factor for a variety of psychiatric disorders, including alcohol dependence Cigarette smoking, illicit drug use, and routes of administration among heroin and cocaine users Cigarette smoking is ubiquitous among illicit drug users. Some have speculated that this may be partially due to similarities in the route of administration Gambling Addictions Expert Warns of Dangers of Internet Gambling, Especially On Youth Participating in an online March Madness bracket or fantasy sport league is harmless fun for most people, but for someone with a gambling addiction, it can be a dangerous temptation Predictors of the two-year recurrence and persistence of alcohol dependence To identify independent risk factors of the recurrence of alcohol dependence in persons with a remitted disorder at baseline and persistence of AD in persons with a current disorder at
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baseline Comparison of the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) and the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN) in Predicting the Effectiveness of Drug Treatment Programs for Pregnant and Postpartum Women Data are from 139 women who were pregnant or who had children under 11 months old and were admitted to residential drug treatment, then re-interviewed 6 months postdischarge (83% follow-up rate)

Anxiety Disorders

Social anxiety and social cognition: The influence of sex Current theoretical models predict a negative relationship between social anxiety and performance on measures of social cognition, yet there appears to be relatively little research that directly examines this relationship and the potential interaction of sex Not Enough Red Meat Tied to Anxiety, Depression in Women Eating less than the recommended amount of red meat is linked to anxiety and depression in women, say health researchers from Deakin University in Melbourne, Australia Prevention of Anxiety Symptoms in Children: Results From a Universal School-Based Trial The present study evaluated the effectiveness of a universal school-based cognitive behavior prevention program (the FRIENDS program) for childhood anxiety Coping Skills and Exposure Therapy in Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia: Latest Advances and Future Directions Although cognitive-behavioral treatments for panic disorder have demonstrated efficacy, a considerable number of patients terminate treatment prematurely or remain symtpomatic

Dementia
Alzheimers Antioxidants May Not Help Alzheimer's Patients Vitamin cocktail might even speed up mental decline, researchers say Dementia Diagnosis Differs in Men and Women and Depends on Age and Dementia Severity: Data from SveDem, the Swedish Dementia Quality Registry Data from the national quality database, Swedish Dementia Registry (SveDem), including 6,937 dementia patients diagnosed during 20072009 at memory clinics were used Study Of Link Between Amyloid Beta Peptide Levels And Alzheimer's Disease The effects of the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide has been found to elevate amyloid beta (A) peptide levels in the brain, leading to short-term deficits in learning Alzheimer's Disease And Diabetes Linked By New Evidence
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An emerging body of research suggests that Alzheimer's disease may be linked to insulin resistance, constituting a third type of diabetes Potential Predictive Test For Alzheimer's Disease New research in humans reveals that the so-called FKBP52 protein may prevent the Tau protein from turning pathogenic Predicting Future Disease Patterns In Dementia Years Before They Occur Using Computer Model Of Prion-Like Spread Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College have developed a computer program that has tracked the manner in which different forms of dementia spread within a human brain The Multidimensional Nature and Multicultural Validity of a New Measure of Social Anxiety: The Social Anxiety Questionnaire for Adults Much has been written about the situations most often feared by persons with social phobia, and several self-report measures are frequently used to assess such feared situations Support groups for caregivers of Alzheimer patients: A historical review Support groups for family caregivers are an intervention frequently used by associations and institutions

Depression
Bipolar disorders Functional Connectivity Reduced by ECT for Severe Depression Reduction accompanied by improvement in symptoms of depression Processing speed reduced in subgroup of BD patients Results from a French study indicate that a significant subgroup of patients with bipolar disorder and their unaffected relatives show impairments in processing speed Serum cortisol concentration in patients with major depression after treatment with fluoxetine Hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and elevated cortisol levels is characteristic of the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder ECT equally effective for bipolar and unipolar depression Electroconvulsive therapy is an effective treatment for patients with either bipolar or unipolar depression, and is associated with "encouraging" remission rates, a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies shows A randomized pilot study of psychotherapy and quetiapine for the acute treatment of bipolar II depression The differential roles of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy in the management of bipolar (BP) II depression are unknown Antidepressants May Raise Risk for Pregnancy Complication Pregnant women taking the antidepressants known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) face a slightly increased risk of developing dangerously high blood pressure Living alone 'are more depressed'
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People of working age who live alone increase their risk of depression by up to 80% compared with people living in families, says a Finnish study Severe headaches tied to suicide attempts People with severe headaches, whether migraines or not, may be more likely to attempt suicide, a new study suggests Personality traits may distinguish BD I from BD II, MDD patients Results from a Taiwanese study indicate that bipolar I disorder (BD I), bipolar II disorder (BD II), and major depressive disorder patients have distinct and different patterns of personality traits

Dual Diagnosis

Factors that Affect Treatment Expectations of Outpatients with Substance Use Problems The study assessed treatment expectations (TE) of outpatients with substance use problems as well as factors that affect their TE Cannabis use and anticipatory pleasure as reported by subjects with early psychosis and community controls There is evidence of decreased pleasure and deficits in the anticipation of reward in both psychotic illness and drug addiction. Individuals with low anticipatory pleasure may preferentially engage in behaviours associated with immediate reward such as cannabis use Examining changes in substance use and conduct problems among treatment-seeking adolescents To be eligible, participants had to be between the ages of 13 and 17 years and be admitted to one of the three OBH programs for mental health intervention

Eating Disorders

Risk for eating disorders increased in schizophrenia patients Antipsychotic-nave patients with schizophrenia are at greater risk for eating disorders than the general population Anorexia nervosa patients display a deficit in membrane long chain poly-unsaturated fatty acids The energy deficit in anorexia nervosa results from a low energy and fat intake Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa in Children and Adolescents In this review, we discuss the treatment of anorexia nervosa in children and adolescents, highlighting inpatient and outpatient psychiatric treatment

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Forensic Psychiatry

Assessing the risk of imminent aggression in institutionalized youth offenders using the dynamic appraisal of situational aggression Aggressive behavior in incarcerated youth presents a significant problem for staff, co-residents and the functioning of the institution A tale of two cultures: examining patient-centered care in a forensic mental health hospital Several questions remain unanswered regarding the extent to which the principles and practices of patient-centered care are achievable in the context of a forensic mental health hospital

Learning Disabilities

Methamphetamine Usage During Pregnancy May Cause Childhood Behavioral Problems Children aged 3 to 5 years whose mothers used methamphetamine during pregnancy have a higher risk of suffering from behavioral problems Jobs, Earnings Affected for Mothers of Children With Autism Mothers of children with ASD earn significantly less than mothers of those with no health problems Context modulates attention to social scenes in toddlers with autism In typical development, the unfolding of social and communicative skills hinges upon the ability to allocate and sustain attention toward people, a skill present moments after birth Risk Factors Associated with Self-Injurious Behaviors in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders While self-injurious behaviors can cause significant morbidity for children with autism spectrum disorders, little is known about its associated risk factors ADHD features in childhood linked to mood disorders in adulthood Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) features in childhood are associated with mood disorders in adulthood, research shows

Nursing Research

Sense of Coherence and Quality of Life in Family Caregivers of Persons With Schizophrenia Living in the Community The purpose of this study was to clarify the sense of coherence (SOC) and quality of life (QOL) of caregivers of persons with schizoprenia

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Community mental health nurses, caseloads, and practices: A literature review Deinstitutionalization, and more recently, earlier discharges from psychiatric inpatient units, have created and intensified the need for case management in community mental health

Obsessive Compulsive Disorders

Using Direct-to-Consumer Marketing Strategies With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in the Nonprofit Sector Three to four million individuals struggle with obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD) in the United States at any given time Obsessive-compulsive disorder and comorbid depression: the role of OCD-related and non-specific factors Although comorbid depression is a predictor of poor treatment response in obsessivecompulsive disorder, there is limited understanding of factors that contribute to depression severity in OCD

Occupational Therapy

The personalisation of adult social care: occupational therapists' perceptions The personalisation of adult social care, as confirmed in Putting People First (Department of Health 2007), will see a fundamental change in social care services, including occupational therapy. This study aimed to capture occupational therapists' perceptions of personalisation Family work in occupational therapy: a case study from a forensic service Despite the home environment being a major source of stress and relapse, mental health occupational therapists do not traditionally provide family work

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Lifetime mood symptoms and adult separation anxiety in patients with complicated grief and/or post-traumatic stress disorder: A preliminary report A minority of bereaved individuals experiences symptoms of complicated grief (CG) that are associated with significant distress and impairment Common Heritable Contributions to Low-Risk Trauma, High-Risk Trauma, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Major Depression Understanding the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder, and major depressive disorder is critical to developing
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etiologic models of these conditions and their co-occurrence

Psychology

Young Children Learn About Prejudice by Instruction, Older Children by Experience For a 6-year-old, one of the most powerful educational tools may be direct instruction, according to new research on how children learn about prejudice Trans Fat Intake Linked to Aggressive Behavior Link persists after adjustment for confounders; preserved across gender, age, ethnicity strata

Schizophrenia

People With Schizophrenia Helped By Smartphones Psychiatry is employing smartphone technology as an innovative tool in the assessment and treatment of schizophrenia and other serious mental illness Schizophrenia patients exhibit poor diet and exercise habits Patients with schizophrenia have poorer diets and engage in less physical activity than mentally healthy individuals, US research shows Defining treatment-resistant schizophrenia and response to antipsychotics: A review and recommendation Treatment-resistant schizophrenia has been defined mainly with severity of (positive) symptoms and response to antipsychotics derived from a relative change in the representative scales but these definitions have not necessarily been consistent Clinicians May Be Mislead Over Effectiveness Of Newer Anti-Psychotic Drugs A study suggests that the apparent clinical effectiveness of the newer form of drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic illnesses may be enhanced by the selective reporting of trials of these drugs in medical journals - a phenomenon called publication bias Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors reduced in smokers with schizophrenia Results from a US study show that patients with schizophrenia who are smokers have significantly less 2*-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor availability in the brain than mentally healthy smokers Early psychosis detection linked to improved long-term outcomes The early detection of first-episode psychosis is associated with improved recovery rates after 10 years, study results show

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Social Work

A national study of risk and protective factors for substance use among youth in the child welfare system While child welfare services are intended, in part, to diminish maltreatment's negative impact on adolescents' development, there is evidence that receiving child welfare services affects adolescents' substance use adversely The role of cognitive impairment in fall risk among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis cognitive impairment is an established fall risk factor; however, it is unclear whether a diseasespecific diagnosis measures of global cognition or impairments in specific cognitive domains have the greatest association with fall risk

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FURTHER CONTENT FURTHER CONTENT

Books, Conferences, Websites & Journal Tocs

NEW PUBLICATIONS
Books and reports hot of the press Click the title to connect to the website entry Health care for disabled children and young people CQC The Governments Alcohol Strategy Home Office Handbook of Child Abuse Research and Treatment Mindfulness and Health Foundations, Practice and Research in Integrative Medicine Forgiveness and Retribution: Responding to Wrongdoing Advocacy and Social Work Practice Body Image: Perceptions, Interpretations & Attitudes Psychology of Risk Social Determinants & Mental Health Cognitive Deficit in Mental and Neurological Disorders Research Progress in Alzheimer's Disease & Dementia , v. 5
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CONFERENCES
Follow the link to a list, new conferences in bold CONFERENCES

WEBSITES
Follow the link below to a list of useful websites USEFUL WEBSITES

JOURNAL TOC PAGES

New links in bold Follow the link below to a list of Journal TOC pages JOURNAL TOCs

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DISCLAIMER
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