VECTORS

Diagram 1 shows the points P and Q. y

O Q(3,-2) P(-5,-4)
DIAGRAM 1

Find (a) PQ in the terms of unit vector i and j . (b) unit vector in the direction PQ .
[4 marks]

Answer :

(a) 8i+2j

(b)

4 17

i+

2 17

Given that x = 9i 8 j and y = 3i , find y x .

[2 marks]

Answer : 10

Given that u = 4i + 5 j and v = 2i + k j . Find the possible values of k if u v = 10

[3 marks]

Answer : -3,13

Given that a = 3i + 6 j , b = 2i + 5 j and c = 3i 4 j . Find the unit vector in the direction a 2b + c .

[3 marks]

Answer :

5i 4 j 41

A Q O
DIAGRAM 5

Diagram 5 shows OA = a and OB = b . Express in terms of a and b , (a) OP (b) PQ

[3 marks]

Answer : (a) 2a+b (b) -a-2b

5 m 1 Given that PQ = and RS = 10 2 . Find the possible values of m if

(a) PQ is parallel to RS . (b) PQ = RS

[4 marks]

Answer : (a) m= 2 , (b) m= 12, -10

Diagrams 7 shows two vectors, OE and FO

y E(1,8)

O F(-3,-4)
DIAGRAM 7

Express
x (a) OF in the form y (b) EF in the form xi + y j .
[3 marks]

3 Answer: (a) , (b) -4i-12j 4

If x = 2i + 4 j and y = 7i j . Find the value of h if 5 x 3h y is parallel to the y-axis.

[2 marks]

Answer : h =

10 21

Diagram 9 shows a triangle OPR and the point Q lies on the straight line PR. R

3b

Q O
2a
DIAGRAM 9

It is given that PQ : QR = 1 : 2 Express QR , in terms of a and b .

[2 marks]

4 Answer : a + 2b 3

10

The following information refer to the vectors p and q

1 3 p= , q= 6 9

Find (a) the vector

p + 2q ,
[4 marks]

(b) the unit vector in the direction of p + 2q

5 Answer : (a) 12

(b)

5i + 12 j 13

11

It is given that a and b are non zero and non-parallel vector. If (m 1) a = (n + 2) b , where m and n are constants, find the value of

(a) (b)

m n.
[2 marks]

Answer : (a) m=1, (b) n= -2

12

Diagram 12 shows a triangle OAB, where O is the origin. y A

O B
DIAGRAM 12

It is given that the coordinates of point A and point B are (3,4) and (5,2) respectively. Find
x (a) AB in the form , y

(b) 2OA + OB in the form of x i + yj.

[4 marks]

Answer : (a)

2 6 (b) 11i +6j

13 y

M(-3 , 7) N(8 , 5)

O
DIAGRAM 13

The Diagram 13 shows two vectors, OM and ON . Express,

x (a) 0M in the form , y (b) NO in the form of xi + y j
[2 marks]

3 Answer : (a) 7 (a) -8i-5j 5 2 k Given AB = , OB = and CD = , find 7 3 5

14

(a) Coordinate A, (b) k , if CD is parallel with AB

[4 marks]

Answer : (a) (-3, -4) 25 (b) k= 7

15

Diagram 14 shows vector OA drawn on a Cartesian plane.

y 12

8 4

10 12 14 16

DIAGRAM 14

(a) (b)

Express OA in terms of xi + yj. Find the unit vector in the direction of OA .

[3 marks]

Answer : (a) 16i+12j 4i + 3 j (b) 5

16
p = 2b - a q = 5a - 2b r = (k h)a+ kb, where h and k are constants

Use the above information to find the values of h and k when r = 4p- 2q
[3 marks]

Answer :k=12, h=26

17

Diagram 17 shows a triangle AEC. B and D are midpoints for AC and CE respectively. Given that AC = 4u and CE = 6v . Express the following vector in terms of u and v .

E D

C A B
DIAGRAM 17

(a) (b)

CD AE
[2 marks]

Answer : (a) 3v (b) 4u+6v

18

Given that OP = 3i + 6 j and OQ = i j , (a) (b)

PQ OR if PR = 2 PQ

find

[ 4 marks ]

Answer : (a) 2i-7j (b) i-8j

19

Given that a = 10i + 2 j and b = hi + 6 j , find the value of h, if a 2b = 10 2

[3 marks]

Answer : 0,10

20

Diagram 20 shows a parallelogram, PQRS, drawn on a Cartesian plane. S R

DIAGRAM 20

It is given that PQ = 2i + 2 j and QR = 3i + 4 j . Find SQ .

[3 marks]

Answer : -i-2j

21

The points E, F and G are collinear, It is given that EF = 2a 5b and

FG = 5a + (1 p)b ,

where p is constant, find

(a) the value of p (b) the ratio of EF : FG

[4 marks]

Answer (a) p= 13 (b) 2 : 5

1 2

22 Diagram 22 shows, OA = a , OB = b and AC = 3OA C

A O

DIAGRAM 22

E
B

(a) Express in terms of a and/or b . (i) AB (ii) CB .

[3 marks]

Answer : (i) 3a (ii) b-4a

23 In Diagram 23, PQRS is a quadrilateral, PUQ and STU are straight lines.

S R

U Q

DIAGRAM 23

1 1 It is given that RQ = 10 x , QU =4y , SP = 15 x 12 y , QU = QP and UT = US 3 5

Express in terms of x and/or y : (i) RP (ii) US (iii) TS

[4 marks]

Answer (i) 10x+12y (ii) -15x+20y (iii) 16y-12x

24

Diagram 24 shows a parallelogram ABCD with BED as a straight line.

D E A

B
DIAGRAM 24

Given that AB = 8 p , AD = 4q and EC = 2AE, express, in the term of p and q : (a) AC

(b)

ED
[4 marks]

Answer : (a) 8p + 4q 8 8 (b) p + q 2 3

25

Diagram 25, OXY is a triangle with OX = x and OY = y .

Y T

X O
DIAGRAM 25

T is a point on XY such that XT = mXY , where m is a constant.

Express OT in terms of m, x and y .

[3 marks]

Answer : (1-m)x+my

26

Diagram 26 shows triangle OAB and OAQ. The straight line OQ intersects the straight line AB at the point P.
Q

B P

O
DIAGRAM 26

It is given OA = 2 x , OB = 3 y dan OB : AQ = 1 : 2 Express in terms of x and/or y . (i) AB (ii) OQ

[3 marks]

Answer : (i) -2x+3y (ii) 2x+6y

27
A

D F B

C
DIAGRAM 27

Diagram 27 shows triangle ABC. D is the midpoint of AB and E lies on AC such that
AC = 3EC . It is given that CD = 2CF , BD = x and CE = y .

Express in terms of x and y (i) BC (ii) DC (iii) BF

[4 marks]

Answer : (i) 2x-3y (ii) x-3y 3 3 (iii) x y 2 2

28

Diagram 28 shows a triangle OPQ.

Q

T U

O
DIAGRAM 28

T is the midpoint of OQ and the straight line OS intersects the straight line PT at U. 1 Given that OP = 8 p , OQ = 6q and PS = PQ 4 (a) Express in terms of p and / or q , (i) PQ (ii) PT (iii) OS
[3 marks]

(b) Given that PU = h PT , express PU in terms of h, p and q . ( c) Given that OU = k OS , express OU in terms of k , p and q .
[2 marks]

Answer (a) 6q-8p 3q-8p 3 6p+ q 2

(b) (c)

3hq-8hp 3 6kp+ kq 2

29

Diagram 29 shows parallelogram OABC. The midpoint of AB is P and CP meets OB at Q. It is given that OA = a , OC = c , OQ = OB and CQ = CP .
C Q P A
DIAGRAM 29

(a) Express OP in terms of a and c . (b) Express OQ (i) in the terms of , a and c . (ii) in the terms of , a and c .
[4 marks]

1 Answer : (a) a+ c 2 b (i) a + c 1 (ii) a + 1 c 2

30

Diagram 30 , PQST is a rectangle. Point U lies on PT and point V lies on PS. QR parallel to PS.
P V R Q

T
DIAGRAM 30

Given that QR =

2 1 1 PS , PU = PT , PV = PS , TS = 9 x , TP = 6 y 3 3 3

(a) Express the following vectors in terms of x and y (i) (ii)

QT

RS

[4 marks]

(b) Find the values of h and k if VU = h x + k y .

[3 marks]

Answer : (i) -9x-6y (ii) -6x-2y (b) h= -3 , k = 0