METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION

NATURE PARK

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION

MOBILISATION:

The Works shall be started with mobilization. Area for camp and offices, shall be immediately cleaned and levelled for installation offices. Prefabricated insulated buildings shall be used for camp and Office facilities. During installation of offices, the services such as sewerage lines, potable water, power and communication shall be installed through underground facilities. Camp and Office facilities shall be provided through sub-contractors. During the installation of camp and offices, temporary containers shall be provided to enable us to start initial activities at site, such as surveying, completion of design details, engineering, etc.

Picture showing typical site office

2 DEMOLITION WORKS: Demolition Works shall be carried out as initial activity at site. Before starting any demolition, an assessment and survey shall be carried out to clarify detailed method of demolition. Before any operation, safety measures shall be taken at site to prevent any damage to persons and environment. Temporary barriers shall be installed to seal the working area. To minimize the dust, water shall be sprinkled over the area. All the services and utilities shall be disconnected and removed from the demolition areas. Foundations, walls, footings, and slabs on the ground, buried empty tanks, pipes, cables shall also be removed. If necessary, temporary supports shall be provided during demolition.

Back-hoe excavators, jack hammers, compressors, pneumatic breakers, loaders and trucks shall be utilized for demolition works.

3 GENERAL SITE CLEARANCE: The areas indicated on the drawings shall be cleared of all trees, shrubs and other vegetation, buildings, and other obstructions. Rubbish material shall also be collected and removed from the site in proper containers. Presence of underground structures, such as manholes, wells; etc shall be reported to the Engineer for his instruction. Site clearance shall be executed through lightweight equipment such as tractors, mini excavators and loaders in the areas with limited access and sensitive surrounding environment to to damage any existing trees, etc. In the clear areas, heavier equipment shall be used. 4 EARTH WORKS: Before starting any earthwork, a detailed survey shall be carried out to record the levels and to ensure existing services and geotechnical properties of soil. In accordance with the relevant data, a detailed method statement shall be submitted to The Engineer regarding excavation plan, filling plan, dewatering (if any), plant and equipment to be used supervision and control procedures and Quality Control programme. Excavation shall be carried out to the lines, levels and profiles shown on the Contract Drawings. Hydraulic excavators shall be used for excavation. A convenient area shall be spared for stocking of suitable excavated material for backfilling. Rough terrain trucks and equipment shall be used for transportation. Excavated unsuitable material for filling shall be hauled away to spoil areas, dumped and graded. It is assumed that the Employer shall assist for arranging suitable areas for dumping in the vicinity of the project and necessary authorization from the Municipality. Filling shall be carried out through proper compaction equipment. Vibratory roller compactors shall be used for compaction of all cohesionless fill materials for larger areas and hand compactors shall be used for congested areas. All cohesive fill materials shall be compacted with moisture content with in two percent of the
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optimum moisture content as determined by ASTM D 1557. Testing of the compaction shall be executed in accordance with the technical specifications and testing requirements for cohesive materials shall be met with ASTM D 1557 and ASTM D 2049 for cohesionless materials. For larger areas, heavy earthmoving equipment shall be used for removal of topsoil.

Dozer

Roller

Removal of TopSoil

Compaction for Pavements

5- EROSION CONTROL : Non-toxic vegetation based material shall be used for sand erosion control. Erosion control mats shall be used for temporary protection of the larger areas. Before installation, the area shall be cleaned, and levelled. Dune erosion barriers shall be installed at intervals 5m along the contour of the dune and at intervals of 10 m perpendicular to it. Trenches with sufficient depth for stability of barriers shall be excavated to accept barriers. Fencing fabric shall be installed to a depth of 1200 mm ensuring less than 10 cm fencing is projecting above the finished grade of the dune. Trenches shall be filled with sand to adequately anchor the barriers in the ground. 6- STRUCTURES : The structures used for Nature Park are common framed structures which classic construction technique may be used through technical requirements of the project. The below brief method prepared for preliminary information and we confirm our tender is fully in accordance with the technical specifications. Before starting any structural excavations, the area shall be surveyed and the levels and obstructions shall be recorded. In areas, where underground facilities may present, observation holes shall be excavated prior to structural excavation. Excavations shall be executed in dry conditions and in case of presence of underground water, dewatering and site drainage shall be applied. The safety of the
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excavated areas shall be provided through temporary fencing and signs. Medium or small size excavators shall be used for structural excavations. Different types of formworks shall be used in various parts of the structures. Timber, steel and marine plywood shall be the main material as formwork for building works. Formwork shall be constructed to provide straight and true angels, arises or edges. Where chamfers are required the fillets shall be accurately cut to size to provide a smooth and continuous chamfer. Suitable release agents shall be used prior to start concreting. Mainly plywood shall be used for type A finish (rough finish) of concrete. Type B (Fair finish) of concrete shall be obtained by use of properly designed forms of closely jointed wrought boards, marine plywood or steel panels.The presence of voids, honeycombing, etc shall be minimised through proper installation and vibration of concrete. Type C (Fair Faced) smooth finish shall be obtained by using pre-manufactured steel or plastic formwork panels. The reinforcing steel shall be processed in the steel yard in accordance with the technical specifications. For the structures, concrete shall be mixed in automatic batching plants. Transmixers shall be used for transporting and pouring of the concrete. For the remote areas such as foundations of fence poles, self loading concrete mixers with suitable stocks nearby may be used to ease operation. 7 RAMMED EARTH WALL Simply, for forming a rammed earth wall; soil, an average of 70% sand and 30% clay mixed with stabilizers and subjected to high pressure through tampers. Natural, compacted soil has good insulating and resistant qualities. It is, however, vulnerable to moisture and the erosive effects of weather in Park. Additives such as asphalts, natural cements, and other compounds, including salts, chemicals, oils, and powders, in varying degrees may be used to stabilize soil depends on testing of the available material of Soil. Soil durability and strength can also be improved by: Changing the distribution of grain size--gradation control; Compacting the soil; Adding minerals or chemicals; or Mixing all of the above.
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A properly consolidated, well-graded soil that is adequately moisturized, mixed, and cured will provide a strong, stable, waterproof, long-lasting, low-maintenance building material. Soil stabilization depends on soil classification. Testing before proceeding for understanding the properties of various soils available will make it easier to select the highest quality soil possible. For the formwork, same principles of fair face finish concrete shall be applied. Marine plywood or steel shuttering may be used to obtain a smooth surface. The basic principle can be seen in the following sketch ;

Sketch showing sequences for Rammed Earth Wall

Before using soil as a Rammed Earth Wall, it is necessary to: Understand the soil characteristics in general; Conduct soil tests to ensure that the soil chosen can be stabilized; and Stabilize the soil with additives or mixtures to make it strong, cohesive, waterproof, and weatherproof.

Although some soils have excellent stability against moisture, few meet all stabilization requirements. The best soil contains up to 70 percent of coarse gravels and sands, with the remainder consisting of finer silts, clays, and plastic-like particles. The particle size distribution of a soil determines how well it can be stabilized. A wellgraded soil contains the correct proportions of different-sized particles. The spaces, or voids, between larger particles are filled by smaller ones (void ratio). The construction requires a void ratio test. Other stabilization tests to determine soil composition and suitability may also be needed.

One of the main requirement of the walls are to be totally waterproof under all weather conditions. Traditionally clay in the earth used for construction is the key element in keeping out the water. Surface coatings and chemicals such as silicate sodium as specified in the Technical Specifications may not be in the best long term interests of the building. Shrinkage of soils are also very common problem in all forms of earth building and must be controlled. The earth used or the earth blend chosen primarily determines the shrinkage but the method of building also has an effect. Higher shrinkage is commonly encountered with very liquid earth mixes during the manufacturing process. Prior tests shall be executed for controlling shrinkage.

A Typical finished Rammed Earth Wall 7

8 PLANTING Area shall be cleaned and prepared for topsoil through mechanical equipment. Suitable topsoil materials shall be stocked before installation. Conveyor belts and hoppers shall be used for mixing different soils, compost, etc to achieve homogen mix. After rough grading verified, the topsoil shall be installed. Different depths of topsoil shall be supplied vor various plants. In hardy grassland and beds of plants, soil improver shall be installed.TILCO TRI X or equivalent approved improver shall be applied. Selection of the plants and suitable seeds shall be execujted through our experienced agricultur engineers. Supervision shall be supplied during rpocurement, transportation and stocking of plants. Automatic irrigation system which shall be finished earlier be used for watering of the plants.

The maximum care shall be taken to protect the plant from excessive heat, wind, direct sun during trasportation. A suitable covered storage yard shall be prepared at site for storing the plants, since physically immediate planting would not be possible. The general planting times are as following schedule, except otherwise agreed with the Engineer ; Deciduous trees and shrubs : November to February Conifers and evergreens : November to February Container grown plants : November to February It is expected that the Contract with the Contractor may be signed in April and subsequently the next planting season may easily be catched without any revision to submitted time schedule. Types of Trees to be Planted

Balled and Burlapped

ContainerGrown

Bare Root

As a general rule, trees should be transplanted no deeper than the soil in which they were originally grown. The width of the hole should be at least 3 times the diameter of the root ball or container or the spread of the roots in the case of bare root trees. This will provide the tree with enough worked earth for its root structure to establish itself. The depth and width of pits shall be detailed for each type of tree and will be submitted Engineers approval prior planting. Subsoil, rocks, roots and debris from excavated material shall be removed before using as planting soil.

Planting Balled and Burlapped Trees.

Balled and burlapped (B & B) trees, although best planted as soon as possible, shall immediately be stored for some time after transport through the ball is kept moist and the tree stored in a shady area. B & B trees shall always be lifted by the ball, never by the trunk. The burlap surrounding the ball of earth and roots should either be cut away completely (mandatory, in the case of synthetic or plastic burlap) or at least pulled back from the top third of the ball (in the case of natural burlap). Any string or twine should also be removed. Backfill soil (combinations of peat moss, composted manure, topsoil, etc.) is then placed in the hole surrounding the tree just to the height of the ball or slightly lower to allow for some settling. Care shall be taken not to over-compress the back fill soil as this may prevent water from reaching the roots and the roots from expanding beyond the ball. The soil shall be backfilled in 150 mm lifts. Upon two thirds of depth of planting pit has been backfilled, the remaining space shall be filled with water. After water has penetrated into soil, backfill shall be completed to finish grade and fertilizer shall be applied into last lift.

Planting Container Trees.

Evergreen species of tree, do not transplant successfully bare-root, and have to be grown in pots or other containers. In our yards we have a huge variety of containergrown trees and shrubs, for all year round sales and planting. For conservation and amenity purposes, container-grown plants should only be used for the native evergreens, for particular garden cultivars that are only available this way, and for the occasional ceremonial planting which can't be done during the normal planting season. Most container-grown plants are grown in composts mainly comprising peat, although composted bark, coir and other organic materials may be used. These are light, clean materials which promote rapid root growth, but can make it difficult for the plant roots to adapt to the surrounding soil. The rootball may also have a different type of waterholding ability, so that the surrounding soil can be fairly moist, while the peaty rootball
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dries out and does not easily re-absorb water. When planting, the top of the rootball shall be covered with a layer of soil to prevent the rootball acting like a wick and evaporating moisture from the compost and soil. If a rootball of peat compost has dried out, it can be rewetted by watering with a solution of about 5 ml of washing-up liquid in 5 litres of water. For these reasons, it is important to cultivate a larger volume of soil when planting container-grown plants, and to mix soil improvers such as compost or leaf mould into the soil backfill. The main purpose of these is to make an even gradation between the compost in the rootball and the surrounding soil, so that roots can more easily make the transition. Container trees can also be stored for a brief period of time after transport and the soil in the container shall be kept moist and the tree stored in a shady spot. The procedure for planting container trees is similar to that for B & B trees. In the case of metal or plastic containers, the container shall be removed completely. In the case of fibre containers, tear the sides away. Once carefully removed from the container, the roots shall be checked. If they are tightly compressed or potbound, then by using fingers or a blunt instrument (to minimize root tearing) to carefully tease the fine roots away from the tight mass and then spread the roots prior to planting. In the case of extremely woody compacted roots, it may be necessary to use a spade to open up the bottom half of the root system. The root system is then pulled apart or butterflied prior to planting. Loosening the root structure in this way is extremely important in the case of container plants. Failure to do so may result in the roots girdling and killing the tree. At the very least, the roots will have difficulty expanding beyond the dimensions of the original container. To further assist this, lightly break up even the soil outside the planting zone. This allows roots that quickly move out of the planting zone to be more resilient as they anchor into existing surrounding soil conditions. Once the tree is seated in the hole, the original soil is then back-filled into the hole to the soil level of the container as explained above.

Planting Bare-Rooted Trees.

Some plants and/or trees may be provided locally from nearby places as bare rooted. Planting bare-rooted trees is a little different as there is no soil surrounding the roots. Most importantly, the time between purchase from local market in Park area and planting is a more critical issue. They shall be planted as soon as possible. When purchasing bare-rooted trees, the roots shall be inspected by our agriculture engineers to ensure that they are moist and have numerous lengths of

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fine root hairs (healthy). Care shall be taken to ensure that the roots are kept moist in the period between purchase and planting. To plant, bare rooted tree first a cone of earth in the centre of the hole shall be built around which to splay the roots. It is also important to make sure that when properly seated on this cone the tree is planted so that the trunk flare is clearly visible and the crown, where the roots and top meet, is about two inches above the soil level. This is to allow for natural settling. The other rules explained above shall be applied. Watering Newly planted trees should be watered at the time of planting. In addition, during the first growing season, they should be watered at least once a week in the absence of rain, (mostly in Park area climate) more often during the heat of the summer. However, care shall be taken not to overwater as this may result in oxygen deprivation. Regular deep soakings are better than frequent light wettings. Moisture should reach a depth of 12 to 18 inches below the soil surface to encourage ideal root growth. We believe that the present irrigation details and quantities are not sufficient to maintain all area designated. Also, 30 meters radius for sprinklers are not very convenient for the Nature Park cause the wind conditions in the area often very strong, may leave some areas un- watered.

Mulching To conserve moisture and promote water and air penetration, the back filled soil surrounding newly-planted trees may be covered with mulch consisting of material such as bark, wood chips or leaves. Mulch depth shall be between 3 to 4 inches. Fertilizer Since all soils have a history, it can be beneficial to get soil analyzed properly for macronutrients such as Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K), micronutrients, pH, soil type, and drainage. Although many trees survive without fertilizer at time of planting, the majority of plants suffer root loss and stress associated with movement between ideal nursery grown conditions and the final planting. Soil improver Tilco Tri-x or equivalent may be used.

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Staking and Guy-Wiring

Staking Standard trees will need to be staked against movement by the wind, but not always a long stake may be used, with a tight tie. The reason is that the flexing of the tree in the wind stimulates root growth to naturally brace the tree, and also stimulates growth in stem diameter at the base of the trunk. If the tree is so tightly staked that it cannot sway, this natural bracing does not develop, and it is then very likely to snap or be blown over when the stake and tie are removed. In case of standard tree, it should be staked as described below. It is not adviseble to use a taller stake than is necessary (see point 2 below). Stakes pressure-treated with preservative are not required, as the stake only has to last about two seasons or more in windy areas. However, if the stake is also being used to support a tree guard, a hardwood or preserved softwood stake may be advisable. It is not advisable to use stakes of imported hardwood. 1. The tree shall be planted as normal, but without completely backfill the pit. 2. The stake shall be knocked into the bottom of the pit, on the windward side of the tree, as close as possible to the rootball without damaging it. The stake should finish at a height no more than two third of the height of the tree. 3. Loosely attach the tree to the stake, using a proprietary tree tie. Many different types of tie are available, Ties should form a figure of eight or have a spacer between the tree and the stake, to prevent chafing. Most ties will need nailing to the stake to stop them slipping, unless they can be fitted just above a branch. Buckle ends should be against the stake, not the tree, and should normally be nailed. The tree and stake shall be checked frequently, and the tie shall be removed at the beginning of the second growing season, by which time the tree should be securely anchored by its roots. If it's not, then the tree is not growing sufficiently well, and other steps will need to be taken to encourage the tree into growth. Double stakes may be used, as shown in the diagram. These are more reliable and less likely to cause chafing. They also act as protectors against careless mowing, which is a significant cause of damage to young trees.

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Wooden Post 2/3 Height of tree

For container-grown or rootballed trees, an angled stake can be used to avoid damaging the rootball. Angle the stake at 45, positioned away from the prevailing wind so it is not loosened by the action of the wind on the tree. Wrapping Wrapping refers to the technique of winding a crepe-type paper, biodegradable wraps, around the barks of trees. To wrap a tree, it shall be started at the bottom and winded the paper around the tree to the level of the second branch. Then the paper shall be fastened at the top with a tack. The wrapping shall be removed each spring to prevent moisture buildup, disease and insect infestation.

Rejuvenation of Eucalypts Plantation In the Contract documents, Technical specifications and Bill of Quantities, there was no any clarification or description of the Item.71 of Planting, which refers Eucalypts plants. Our understanding is ;

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Pruning of the dried and weak branches of the trees. Removal of the branches from the site and their disposal Removal of the top soil around the tree with av dia of 2 meters Improvement of the soil around the tree through fertilizers. Drilling 2 dia holes with a length of 60 to 80 cm in the root zone of the trees and application of insecticide (optional).

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6- Watering of the trees with a frequency of 2 days for allowing ingress of fertilizers.

Agricultural Areas to be Restored In the Contract documents, Technical specifications and Bill of Quantities, there was no any clarification or description of the Item.73 of Planting, which refers Ecological Restoration of Ruderal Areas. Our understanding is ; Minimize impacts to normal farming operations by locating structures along field edges and in nonagricultural areas where possible. Locate Access roads, which cross agricultural fields, along ridge tops where possible to eliminate the need for cut and fill and reduce the risk of creating drainage problems. The surface of Access roads constructed through agricultural fields shall be levelled with adjacent field surface. Where necessary, culverts shall be installed to maintain natural drainage patterns. All topsoil shall be stripped from agricultural areas used for vehicle and equipment traffic. All vehicle and equipment traffic shall be limited to the Access road or designated work areas. All pieces of wire, bolts and other unused metal objects shall be picked up and properly disposed of. All disturbed agricultural areas shall be decompacted to a depth of 18 inches with a deep ripper or heavy-duty chisel plow. In areas where the topsoil was stripped, soil decompaction shall be conducted prior to topsoil replacement. Following decompactioni, all rocks 4 inches and larger in size shall be removed from the surface of the subsoil prior to replacement of the topsoil. The topsoil shall be replaced to original depth and the original contours shall be reestablished where possible. Following restoration, all construction debris shall be removed from the site.

Ecological Restoration of Ruderal Areas In the Contract documents, Technical specifications and Bill of Quantities, there was no any clarification or description of the Item.73 of Planting, which refers Ecological Restoration of Ruderal Areas. However, Ecological Restoration has a wide range of scope, initiated through deep research and observations. We believe that this item may be considered as seperate contract which requires on and off field studies, and long term researches.

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Generally, restoration of ecology aims to re-establish or improve, the ecological status of damaged or lost plant and animal communities. The emphasis is often stated to be re-establishment of a functioning community, altough too often the target is limited to a particular plant, insect, bird, and local species such as camel, goat, etc. In Nature Park Park area, the target should clearly be identified. The success of most programmes which aim to restore ecological communities is ultimately connected with the animals that colonise these areas. The communitys soil structure, rates of litter decomposition, nutrient turnover, planth growth and competitiveness, as well as plant species composition, reproductive success (seed set and dispersal) and the direction and speed of succession of the system are all moulded by the activities of animals, especially invertebrate herbivores, detritivores, pollinators, and predators. Restoration can have a number of aims. These include; Purely visual appeal (aesthetics) The maintenance of indigenous flora and fauna by increasing habitat area Improvement of ecological processes within agricultural landscapes to reduce adverse off-site effects (e.g. nutrient run-off). The animals in the restoration of agricultural landscapes need to be ingenious, as long as they provide ecosystem functions suitable to their environment. Often invasions (planting) of animals into areas are considered as passive and dependent on the availability of specific vegetation. As modifiers of vegetation change, their potential effect should be investigated. The presence or absence of a particular animal species can cause a rapid decline or a rapid increase in the population of one or more plant species, and through this, affect plant community structure and thus the speed and trajectory of succession. Animals are crucial components of most terrestrial communities, being potentially directly damaging to vegetation, reducing planth growth. Ecological Restoration, by keeping all aspects and affects in consideration shall be started as academical study and the field activities shall be fixed in accordance with the reports and findings. All the species and plants with local conditions should be reviewed.

8- SAFETY ISSUES : z Burak Standard safety manual and documentation which is fully in accordance with the technical specifications shall be followed. Please refer to enclosed safety manual. 9- QUALITY CONTROL:
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OZ BURAK Private Limiteds primary policy is to satisfy its employers and end-users by means of completing the projects undertaken within pre-defined quality, schedule, resources and budget requirements. OZ BURAKs well-deserved reputation of reliability in construction quality has been achieved by means of operating in accordance with the clients quality specifications, industry standards and legal codes. Managements Responsibility: Commitment for Quality OZ BURAKs management ensures that the quality requirements of the projects undertaken are complied with during all phases of the Projects. The Contract requirements are implemented and followed by the project organization without any significant deviation and adherence to the quality requirements as set by the specifications / codes / standards / procedures / quality plans are verified through quality records and auditing to be exercised. A. Project Organisation and Responsibilities: 1. Project Manager: Project Managers are delegated full authority and responsibility for ensuring conformance to the quality requirements as defined by the applicable standards, codes and statutory regulations contained within their Contracts. 2. Project Department / Section Managers: It is the responsibility of the Project Department/Section Managers to define regular working/construction methods in written work procedures, and to compile and implement such procedures to ensure that the works can be executed and completed to meet the specification requirements. The Project Department/Section Managers cooperate with the Quality Assurance Manager/Quality Control Supervisor for the proper performance of all controls to be exercised on and off the sites. Project Department/Section Managers have responsibility to direct and train their staff and manpower and supervise the subcontractors for achieving the project quality requirements. 3. Quality Assurance Manager:
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It is the responsibility of Quality Assurance Manger to monitor the implementation and improvement of the Quality System, and verify implementation of the adherence to the Quality System by regular auditing. 4. Project Staff and Manpower: All project staff and manpower other than those above stated have the responsibility to comply strictly with statutory regulations, contract requirements and procedures developed to meet the quality requirements. B. The Quality Assurance Program: 1. Contract Quality System:

The main purpose of the Quality Assurance System (Hereinafter referred to as the QS) to be defined by the Quality Assurance Manual is to ensure that the project(s) operations (processes, resources and environmental factors) which may affect the quality of works are/will be under control. The QS places effective controls on all critical functions of contract execution and clearly identifies all aspects related to: 2. Means of documentation of the Quality procedures, Quality policy, Project organization, Contract procedures, Design control, Procurement, Records retention. Contract Quality Plan:

Overall Contract Quality Plans covering all activities regarding design, production, installation, tests and commissioning are developed and maintained. These plans shall clearly identify the following quality related activities; Review of the Contract documents to bring to the attention of the Engineer/Employer (and other related parties are appropriate) any deficiencies, conflicts, code problems or clarifications that may be required (commencing at tender stage), Design and development planning, identification and documentation of design input and output, review, verification and validation of designs appropriate for safe and proper functioning and construction (commencing at tender stage),
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Ensuring that the procurement documents incorporate appropriate quality requirements, and evaluation, review and approval of the suppliers/subcontractors qualification and materials/services quality including verification at manufacturers premises as required (commencing at tender stage) Preparation of required Construction/Erection Procedures, control that the pertinent issues of appropriate documents are available at relevant locations for the implementation of the staff to enable and verify that the design and construction quality standards are met (commencing at tender stage). OZ BURAK is thoroughly conversant with the understanding that tailored procedures are to be developed to meet unique, specific requirements of the projects/contracts. Examples/verification of such an understanding through copies of implemented procedures in Great Man Made River Sirt End Reservoir Project in Libya and LNG Import Terminal Project in Turkey to this effect may be provided upon request. Verification that the supervisors and workers are skilled in their craft and familiar with the Contract(s) quality requirements, and provide further training, when required, to improve skills to meet special construction requirements, Submission for review and approval of the Employer/Engineer materials, methods/procedures related with the quality of works as defined by the Contract, maintain all relevant quality records to demonstrate conformance to specified requirements and the effective operation of the system, Assurance that non-conforming materials, parts, or components are identified and not incorporated in the works, Assurance that deficiencies are reworked or repaired (by approved methods/procedures) to meet the Contract quality requirements and the corrective action is taken to prevent re-occurrence, The audits to be exercised shall ensure that the function is completed Right the first time, every time and not left to inspections at final stages where exposure of failure may result in costly rework and delay in project schedule.

3.

Inspection and Test Plans:

The Inspection and Test plans based on specifications and applicable codes/standards are developed to ensure that the quality requirements are met. The Inspection and test plans for the products/services indicate (as applicable) the following;
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The stages (surveys, engineering, procurement, construction, etc), The process/product to be controlled, The characteristics to be controlled, Sampling data/period, The test/inspection/verification/validation activities (abbreviated as t/i/v/v activities hereafter) to be exercised, The reference codes/standards/specification clauses/procedures for the t/i/v/v activities to be exercised, The acceptance criteria for the t/i/v/v activities to be performed, The location/equipment anticipated for the t/i/v/v activities.

The inspection and test plans to be developed prior to commencement of each work are followed in all phases by the responsible staff assigned for each control without any deviation. Any non-conformance is reported, evaluated and corrective/preventive actions are planned and immediately implemented. All activities related to inspection and tests are subject to Owners surveillance at all times during projects realisation. 4. Audit: Contract Quality System clearly identifies all aspects related to internal and supplier/subcontractor quality audits. Schedules of planned audits are prepared and submitted to the Owners, who (or Owners representative) may attend or participate in any of them. All audits are documented and such documentation is subject to Owners review and time.

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