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  • Import and Export of Electrical Energy 170510

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    Power Flow principles import and export of power Metering point and Energy Flow Power Flow quadrants and power factor Reactive and apparent Energy Flow Various energy registers in energy Measurement Reference Utility A A B Utility B Current transformer connection polarity (p2 to bus side) Example of small tie line -20 MW 4 MVR 20 MW -4 MVR Load with green Arrows indicating Amount of MW flow bus 1 1.00 PU Note the power balance at each bus Home Area Used to control output of generator bus

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    Power Flow principles import and export of power Metering point and Energy Flow Power Flow quadrants and power factor Reactive and apparent Energy Flow Various energy registers in energy Measurement Reference Utility A A B Utility B Current transformer connection polarity (p2 to bus side) Example of small tie line -20 MW 4 MVR 20 MW -4 MVR Load with green Arrows indicating Amount of MW flow bus 1 1.00 PU Note the power balance at each bus Home Area Used to control output of generator bus

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    94 tayangan20 halaman

    Import and Export of Electrical Energy 170510

    Diunggah oleh

    dumprec1
    Power Flow principles import and export of power Metering point and Energy Flow Power Flow quadrants and power factor Reactive and apparent Energy Flow Various energy registers in energy Measurement Reference Utility A A B Utility B Current transformer connection polarity (p2 to bus side) Example of small tie line -20 MW 4 MVR 20 MW -4 MVR Load with green Arrows indicating Amount of MW flow bus 1 1.00 PU Note the power balance at each bus Home Area Used to control output of generator bus

    Hak Cipta:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Unduh sebagai PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    dari 20

    Import and Export of Electrical Energy

    By:- NK BHATI Yadav Measurements , Udaipur.

    A specifically designed programme for Da Afghanistan Breshna Sherkat (DABS) Afghanistan


    1

    Areas Covered Under this Module Power flow principles Import and export of power Metering point and energy flow Power flow quadrants and power factor Reactive and apparent energy flow Various energy registers in energy measurement

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    copyright YMPL Udaipur

    Power Flow

    Electricity

    Power System

    Power System

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    Measurement Reference

    Utility A A B

    Utility B

    Current transformer connection polarity


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    EHV BUS

    HV BUS

    P1

    P2

    P2

    P1

    Power flow to Voltage bus is taken positive (import) Current transformer connection polarity (p2 to bus side)

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    copyright YMPL Udaipur

    Example of small tie line


    -20 MW 4 MVR 20 MW -4 MVR

    Load with green Arrows indicating Amount of MW flow

    Bus 2
    204 MW 102 MVR

    Bus 1
    1.00 PU

    1.00 PU 106 MW 0 MVR -14 MW 4 MVR 14 MW -4 MVR 1.00 PU 102 MW 51 MVR 150 MW AGC ON 37 MVR AVR ON 100 MW

    150 MW AGC ON -34 MW 116 MVR AVR ON 10 MVR 34 MW -10 MVR

    Note the power balance at each bus

    Home Area
    Used to control output of generator

    Bus 3

    Direction of arrow is used to indicate direction of real power (MW) flow


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    Power Flow Quadrants: IEC62053-23


    V

    Q4
    PF: Leading /capacitive Export Reactive Power

    Import Active Power

    Q1
    PF: lagging/ Inductive

    Q3
    PF: lagging /Inductive Export Active Power Import Reactive Power

    Q2
    copyright YMPL Udaipur
    PF: Leading / capacitive

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    Power Components
    V 00

    900 2700 I Quadrature component

    In phase component 1800


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    Power Flow Quadrants


    Voltage vector Quadrant 4 kW Import kVAr (capacitive) Export kW kVAr kW + - - Quadrant 1 kW Import kVAr (Inductive) Import kW + kVAr + kVAr + kW export kVAr (capacitive) Import Quadrant 2 kW -

    kVAr - kW export kVAr (Inductive) export Quadrant 3

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    Energy Flow conditions- case 1

    A Gen

    B Gen

    Load Load

    Q1: meter B
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    KW +, KVAr +
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    Energy Flow conditions- case 2

    A Gen

    B Gen

    Load Load

    Q2: meter B KW -, KVAr +


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    Energy Flow conditions- case 3

    A Gen

    B Gen

    Load Load

    Q3: meter B KW -, KVAr 6/3/2010 copyright YMPL Udaipur 12

    Energy Flow conditions- case 4

    A Gen

    B Gen

    Load Load

    Q4: meter B KW +, KVAr 6/3/2010 copyright YMPL Udaipur 13

    Wheeling of Energy
    A B

    Gen

    Gen

    Load C Load

    Gen
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    Energy Registers

    Active energy register


    Active Import Active Export

    Reactive Energy register


    Reactive import Reactive export

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    Energy Registers

    Apparent energy register


    Apparent Import Apparent Export Pythagoras Sum with Reactive energy
    Lag only lag+lead

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    Metering errors

    CT/ PT ratio errors CT/PT phase error Connected burden, rating, connections errors Meter errors
    Class 0.5 or Class 0.2 meter

    Dynamic compensation of external errors


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    In electric power transmission, wheeling is a term used to describe either of the following:
    the act of transporting electric power (megawatts or megavoltamperes) over transmission lines, or; the act of providing the service of transporting electric power over transmission lines.

    Tie line : A connection between systems, such as electrical power

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    Any Question?

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    THANK YOU!

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