1) Cu hi:

One of the most pressing problems facing the world today is overpopulation. What policies do you believe governments should adopt to address the causes and effects of this problem?

2) Bi mu (319 t):

Introduction:

There is no doubt that the massive increase in the worlds population in the last 100 years has created a crisis. In order to find a solution to this crisis, politicians need to deal with not only the immediate problems, but also the long-term causes if they want to rescue humanity. Finding the right policies is not an easy task as it is a complex problem.

there is no doubt that = it is certain that = c 1 iu chc chn l massive increase = big increase = tng mnh crisis = a situation that has reached a dangerous point = khng hong immediate problems = vn hin ti long-term causes = nguyn nhn su xa

Main body 1:

The first step is to recognise what the consequences of overpopulation are. Only by doing this can we find an appropriate solution. Perhaps its most important effect is the increased rate at which we are consuming the Earths resources such as oil. To combat this, governments need to do more research on alternative and renewable energy supplies so that we do not use up all the oil reserves. Another negative effect of overpopulation is how some countries suffer from a lack of basic necessities such as food. Here, an answer could be greater international co-operation so that countries with a food surplus donate what they do not need to the less fortunate countries.

the first step is = what we need to do first is = bc u tin l... consequences = hu qu only by doing so we can...= we can.... if we...(cu trc o ng rt hay)= ch c lm cch ny chng ta mi... combat = tackle with = gii quyt negative effect = bad effect = hiu qu tiu cc surplus = an amount which is more than needed = d tha fortunate = lucky = may mn

Main body 2:

It is not quite so easy to decide how governments should deal with the causes of overpopulation. The Chinese have adopted legislation that requires parents to pay a special tax if they have more than one child. I doubt, however, whether this solution is realistic in other countries. Another option would be to improve levels of sex education by

explaining the difficulties caused by having too many children.Promoting contraception though may be problematic in many regions on cultural and religious grounds.

another option would be to ...= c phng n/la chn khc l ... promoting contraception = qung b v cch trnh thai problematic = c vn on cultural and religious grounds = xt v mt vn ha v tn ngng

Conclusion:

In conclusion, while it may be possible to find ways to address some of the consequences of overpopulation by international co-operation, it is harder to find policies to deal with its causes. It might be that the only way forward is for different countries to adopt policies that work within their particular culture.

 bi:

The table below gives information on consumer spending on different items in five different countries in 2002. Percentage of national consumer expenditure by category - 2002

Cch lm bi: 1. Vit phn m bi bng cch dng t ng khc din t li bi 2. Tm ra xu hng tng th. Trong biu ny, food, drinks v tobacco c s phn tram cao nht v leisure & education c % thp nht. 3. Khi vit phn thn bi, cn miu t d liu c th. Chn ra d liu tiu biu ni v mi nc trong biu . 4. Tm t l phn trm cao nht: Turkey c t l % cao nht cho food/drinks/tobacco v education/leisure. Italy c t l % cao nht cho clothing/footwear. Vit mt on vn v Turkey v Italy 5. Sau vit thm on vn na v cc nc Ireland, Spain v Sweden 6. Khng nht thit phi c kt lun v cp n xu hng chung pha trn ri. Nu mun kt lun, bn c th vit: This ends my report.

V d mu (thang im 9.0)

Introduction:

The table shows percentages of consumer expenditure for three categories of products and services in five countries in 2002.

Overall trend (xu hng tng th):

It is clear that the largest proportion of consumer spending in each country went on food, drinks and tobacco. On the other hand, the leisure/education category has the lowest percentages in the table.

Specific information (m t d liu c th):

Out of the five countries, consumer spending on food, drinks and tobacco was noticeably higher in Turkey, at 32.14%, and Ireland, at nearly 29%. The proportion of spending on leisure and education was also highest in Turkey, at 4.35%, while expenditure on clothing and footwear was significantly higher in Italy, at 9%, than in any of the other countries.

It can be seen that Sweden had the lowest percentages of national consumer expenditure for food/drinks/tobacco and for clothing/footwear, at nearly 16% and just over 5% respectively. Spain had slightly higher figures for these categories, but the lowest figure for leisure/education, at only 1.98%.

expenditure = spending = chi tiu

noticeably higher = remarkably higher = cao hn trng thy

significantly higher = much higher = cao hn rt nhiu

slightly higher = a little bit higher = cao hn mt cht

out of the five countries = trong s 5 nc ny

while = trong khi